Silent Pandemic: Even low levels of arsenic from food and water can impair cognitive function Content Editor: Dr. Anubhav Mondal May 27, 2023 at 11:43:22 AM Arsenic poisoning, Cognition, Safe drinking water, environment health, food toxins Chronic exposure to Arsenic could lead to a silent pandemic affecting people globally. The study reiterated that the effects of arsenic poisoning on cognition are more severe in the undernourished and poor. Urine samples of study participants were tested for arsenic content and results were correlated to the performance of the participants in computerized tests of cognition and brain imaging. The study was conducted among 1014 participants from across 5 regions of India. Arsenic exposure was closely correlated with food intake for study participants, in many parts of India outside of those where arsenic exposure from groundwater is known to be high. Since the 1990s, both the Central and State governments of Bihar and West Bengal (2 of the most arsenic-prone areas of the country along with Jharkhand, Uttar Pradesh, and Manipur) have actively strived to curb arsenic contamination . A common strategy implemented included: 1. Restricting groundwater extraction 2. Encouraging piped water supply . 3. Arsenic removal plants where groundwater extraction was inevitable. Previous Next

83-Headlines of the day (List) Public Health News Snippets 12 - 17th August, 2024 Dangerous mix-ups: The risk of confusing drug names in India In India, identical or similar drug names pose serious health risks, as seen with drugs like 'Linamac' used for both cancer and diabetes treatments. Despite decades of complaints from the medical community, lax regulations persist, allowing multiple drugs with the same or similar names to be marketed. The fragmented regulatory system lacks a unified process to ensure unique drug names, leading to frequent medication errors . Activists have called for stricter regulations , similar to those in the U.S. and Europe, but political will is lacking. Recent incidents, such as the fatal cough syrup case in The Gambia , have highlighted these issues and may prompt overdue reforms in India's drug naming practices. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Ghurumourthy John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Source : Published on : August 14, 2024 Medications, Laws, Adverse events July 12: The international day of combating sand and dust storms Sand and dust storms (SDS) pose significant challenges to sustainable development, affecting economic, social, and environmental dimensions. These storms, driven by natural and human-induced factors like climate change and unsustainable land use, impact health, agriculture, livelihoods, and global socio-economic well-being . Approximately 2 million tonnes of sand and dust enter the atmosphere annually , originating primarily in dry, desert regions but traveling vast distances. SDS can cause respiratory and heart diseases, disrupt transportation, and impact agriculture, contributing to desertification. Recognizing the international concern over these impacts, the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 12 July the International Day of Combating Sand and Dust Storms. Implementing sustainable water and land management practices is essential to mitigate these effects and achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2, 3, 6, 8, 11, 13, and 15. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Ghurumourthy UN News Section Source : Published on : August 14, 2024 Disaster management, Sandstorms, Public health Plague in Colorado, USA There have been several global pandemics, but sporadic cases of bubonic plague, particularly in the United States, are still occurring . This July, one case of Bubonic Plague was also reported in Colorado. The plague was introduced to the United States in 1900 via rat-infested steamships , leading to urban epidemics, the last of which occurred in Los Angeles from 1924-1925. Since then, plague has spread to rural rodents in the western U.S., posing a significant risk to those living there. Most human cases have been reported in northern New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, California, Oregon, and Nevada. Over 80% of cases are bubonic, with an average of seven cases annually. Plague affects all ages, with 50% of cases in individuals aged 12-45, and is slightly more common in men due to increased outdoor exposure. One case of the Bubonic Plague was reported from Colorado in July 2024, and the investigation is ongoing . Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Ghurumourthy Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : August 14, 2024 Outbreak, Plague, Communicable disease Healthcare workers of the nation stand together: The need for workplace safety Workplace safety is an often discussed issue in Public Health. When it comes to healthcare professionals, it mostly concerns protection from biological, chemical and radiological agents. The inhumane and shocking circumstances around the death of a second-year postgraduate student inside a Medical College and Hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal, forces us to redefine what constitutes workplace safety not just for doctors but also every other health care professionals. In response to the notice released by the Federation of Residents Doctors Association India (FORDA) following the incident, the country witnessed a cease of elective services in hospitals across India as a mark of solidarity. The following were the demands by FORDA: Immediate acceptance of the demand of the doctors belonging to the RG Kar Medical College, where the incident took place. Justice for the victim Ratification of the Healthcare Protection Act by formation of a committee of healthcare professionals. Release and implementation of security protocol for healthcare workers. It is deeply distressing that a doctor has to endure such a heinous crime; this raises serious concerns about the safety of any individual in an organized workplace, not to mention those in unorganized sectors. It’s high time that we acknowledge and address this aspect of workplace safety with priority. Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala Social Media Source : Published on : August 14, 2024 Workplace safety, Violence, Humanity Improper sleep and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The non-linear relationship Participants with irregular sleep patterns (where day-to-day sleep duration varied by more than 60 minutes) had a 34% higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes compared to those with regular sleep. Even after accounting for lifestyle, comorbidities, family history, and obesity indicators, the risk persisted, emphasising on the point that consistent sleep patterns are crucial for reducing diabetes risk. The study discovered a nonlinear connection (p nonlinearity 0.0002), with a 34% higher incidence of diabetes (95% CI 1.22, 1.47) in those whose sleep length SD was >60 min as opposed to ≤60 min. The within-person standard deviation of the 7-day sleep duration recorded by wrist-worn accelerometers was used to quantify the variability in sleep lengths. Those with greater sleep duration (P interaction < 0.0009) and a lower diabetes polygenic risk score (PRS; P interaction ≤ 0.0264) showed a stronger connection irrespective of genetic predisposition. The study identified consistent sleep as a strategy to lower the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes , and it can help mitigate risks like reducing swings in hormones, including cortisol, which affect blood sugar levels. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham American Diabetes Association Source : Published on : August 12, 2024 Lifestyle, Noncommunicable diseases, Public health Nigeria grapples with newborn antibiotic resistance crisis Colistin is among the few antibiotics that are still useful in treating illnesses like pneumonia and eliminating microbes. The World Health Organisation considers it to be extremely significant for human medicine. The study, recently published in Nature Communications Journal, surveys the presence of mobile colistin resistance gene (mcr) genes in Nigeria, a country with limited clinical use of colistin. 4907 rectal swabs were collected from mothers and neonates across three hospital sites in Nigeria, 47 of which (40 from mothers and seven from neonates) carried mcr genes across a range of bacterial species. The mcr genes were found in 46 Enterobacter species, and single isolates of Shigella, E. coli, and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae. Although the prevalence during the 2015-2016 collection was low, the diversity of mcr-gene types and the range of bacterial species are concerning. The introduction of colistin in medical settings could rapidly select and expand resistant isolates. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Nature Communications Source : Published on : August 12, 2024 Antibiotic Resistance, One Health, Public health ABHA- based scan and share: Enhancing OPDs digital efficiency. The Government of India's ABHA-based Scan and Share system , launched in October 2022, is significantly enhancing outpatient department (OPD) registrations across the country. The initiative has benefited over 3.87 crore patients by streamlining the registration process through QR codes at hospitals registered on the Health Facility Registry (HFR). More than 5,800 public healthcare institutions have adopted this system, with over 2,400 hospitals actively using it to serve 1.80 lakh patients daily. To support this digital transformation, the National Health Authority (NHA) and state governments have provided training, financial incentives, and patient awareness campaigns. The initiative is further strengthened by the introduction of a "Scan and Pay" feature, currently being piloted, allowing patients to pay for diagnostic services via mobile applications and a unified health record linkage system . Additionally, diagnostic labs are integrating with the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) to deliver lab reports digitally, ensuring patients can access their results remotely, thus reducing logistical and financial burdens. This ongoing effort not only aims to enhances the efficiency of OPD services but also contributes to the broader goal of making public healthcare more accessible and affordable for all . Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 12, 2024 Health service, Health programme, Universal health coverage Technology and diabetes care: A step forward in digitization of healthcare A new software application has been developed by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS ) to improve diabetes care at the basic healthcare level , which is based on the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS ). This software can provide treatment recommendations based on patient data , such as blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) are computer tools that help doctors make better patient care decisions by analyzing patient data and offering evidence-based recommendations. They've proven effective in improving cardiovascular care by aiding in screening, treatment, and patient education. A nine-year study involving over 1,100 patients demonstrated the software's effectiveness in reducing diabetes complications . Patients using the software achieved better blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol control than those receiving standard care. The software is intended to be used by healthcare providers in areas with limited access to specialized diabetes care. The software is designed to work with electronic health records and can be operated by non-medical staff with basic computer skills. As part of its commitment to advancing the digitization of healthcare throughout the nation, A yushman B harat D igital M ission is supporting this important project. All ABDM-enabled HMISs will be free to integrate with the CDSS, making it accessible at all ABDM-enabled healthcare facilities nationwide . Content Editor: Dr Sakshi Aggarwal Social Trends Source : Published on : August 12, 2024 Diabetes, Software, Innovation, Technology India's doctor-population ratio: A milestone achievement surpassing the WHO recommendations The doctor-population ratio in India is 1:836 , which surpasses the WHO standard of 1:1000. As of July 2024, 13,86,136 allopathic doctors and around 5.65 lakh AYUSH doctors were registered with the National Medical Commission (NMC) and State Medical Councils. India has 731 medical colleges, offering 72,627 PG seats and 1,12,112 MBBS seats annually. India also has around 38.49 lakh registered nurses. The government has taken measures to improve medical education facilities, considering both the quality of healthcare services and the quantity of healthcare professionals : Approving new medical colleges and increasing MBBS and PG seats Upgrading and strengthening the existing ones. Recognition of DNB qualification. However, this ratio varies significantly across countries due to differences in healthcare systems, population density, and other factors. For instance, in the United States, it is approximately 1:400, China has 1:1500, and Cuba remarkably maintains a ratio of 1:170. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Source : Published on : August 9, 2024 Health care delivery system, Universal health coverage Telangana: The best state for organ donation and transplantation On the 14th National Organ Day 2024, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare(MoHFW) awarded Telangana State the title of best state for organ donation and transplantation. In 2023, the state's donation rate reached 5.48 per million population (pmp) , surpassing India's average donation rate of 0.8 pmp by a substantial margin. The Jeevandan Cadaver Transplantation Programme , started by the Telangana state Government in 2013, contributed significantly to this accomplishment. Since its establishment in January 2013, Jeevandan has enabled the collection of 5,541 organs and tissues from 1,465 deceased donors. Also, Yashoda Hospital, Secunderabad, was recognized as the best private hospital with the highest cadaver donation. As of July 2024, there are 40 recognized facilities in Telangana that are authorized to perform cadaver transplants. Every transplantation has the potential to save up to 8 lives, underscoring the urgency to enhance the nation's capability for cadaver transplantations. Content Editor: Dr Swathi Shenoy Social trends Source : Published on : August 9, 2024 Organ donation, Transplantation, Public health Resurgence of Mpox: New variant raises concerns The first two cases of monkeypox (Mpox) have been identified in Uganda , in the towns of Mpondwe and neighboring Bwera, in Kasese's western border district. This follows the rise in cases in the provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The African Union has allotted $10.4 million in financing to tackle the outbreak throughout the continent. The DRC was the site of the first human cases of monkeypox in 1970. It primarily spreads from infected animals to people and affects some countries in West and Central Africa. The global outbreak of Mpox infections that started in 2022 was caused by Clade II, which was sexually transmitted. The World Health Organization proclaimed a public health emergency of international concern, which was resolved in May 2023. Out of over 90,000 cases in 111 countries, about 140 people died. A novel variation of Mpox, formerly referred to as monkeypox, has been detected in the DRC and its adjacent nations. This strain's Clade Ib subclade is more deadly and contagious, resulting in skin rashes all over the body. The Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has also initiated efforts such as improved vaccination access, testing, data gathering, and monitoring. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Social Trends Source : Published on : August 9, 2024 Mpox, infectious diseases, Pandemic potential India’s step towards climate change India has identified three primary categories for climate adaptation priorities: Knowledge Systems : Enhancing understanding of climate change risks and adaptation strategies. Risk Exposure Reduction : Implementing measures to decrease vulnerability to climate-related risks. Resilience and Adaptive Capacity : Strengthening the ability to withstand and adapt to climate impacts. To support these priorities, India has enacted the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) , which establishes a comprehensive framework for climate initiatives through various national missions. Each State and Union Territory has developed its own State Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCC) tailored to address specific regional climate and disaster management challenges. In August 2022, India revised its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to bolster its commitment to the global response to climate change, as outlined in the Paris Agreement. A key feature of the updated NDC is the introduction of the Mission ‘LiFE’ (Lifestyle for Environment) , aimed at encouraging responsible consumption by influencing the behaviors and attitudes of individuals and communities. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Tanya Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 9, 2024 Climate Change, Disaster Management Zika virus action plan: The country's comprehensive efforts to combat the outbreaks The Government of India has unveiled an ‘Action Plan for Managing Zika Virus Disease ,’ outlining comprehensive public health strategies for combating outbreaks. The plan includes technical guidelines for vector management and community engagement. Under the National Health Mission, funds are allocated to states for preventive measures like breeding checkers, fogging, and training. Under the action plan, the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) will monitor and respond to Zika outbreaks and the other 33 outbreak-prone diseases. Each state will have designated labs, such as DPHLs and SRLs, for disease investigation and surveillance. From 2017 to July 2024, India reported 537 Zika cases. The recent updates show 13 cases in 2024 , with the state-wise distribution as follows: Maharashtra-10 Karnataka-3 From 2017 to 2024, the key states with the highest burden include Madhya Pradesh (260), Kerala (97), and Uttar Pradesh (150). Additionally, the Ministry supports state health infrastructure and provides technical assistance and integration with various schemes. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 8, 2024 Viral disease, Vector-borne disease, Outbreak NCAP's impact on urban air quality: The current updates The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) launched the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) in January 2019 to improve air quality in 131 cities across 24 states. The initiative targets a 20-30% reduction in PM concentrations by 2024, with an updated goal of achieving up to a 40% reduction or meeting national standards by 2025-26 . Cities have implemented specific action plans addressing local pollution sources, targeting local pollution sources such as dust, vehicles, domestic fuels, waste burning, construction, and industry. This is supported by Rs. 19,614.44 crores allocated for the program, with Rs. 11,211.13 crores already disbursed. Various other central government schemes will be congerged to assist in the action plan. Recent progress shows 95 cities improved PM10 levels in FY 2023-24. Additionally, the government has introduced few other initiatives to combat air pollution, such as: Stricter Revised air quality and emission standards Promotion of cleaner fuels Launch of the National Air Quality Index Mandated online emission monitoring Introduction of the waste management rules Formation of the Air Quality Management Commission to combat air pollution effectively. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 8, 2024 Environment, Air pollution, Reports Cost-effectiveness of Hepatitis A vaccine: Findings from a study in Kerala A study was done in Kerala to analyze the cost-effectiveness of the hepatitis A vaccine. The study evaluated three strategies for hepatitis A vaccination, which include the following: 1. No vaccination 2. Hepatitis A vaccination without screening 3. Hepatitis A vaccination following screening for HAV antibodies The study included live attenuated and inactivated hepatitis A vaccines, using a Decision-tree and Markov model. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness, the study included direct medical, non-medical, and indirect costs related to HAV infection. The results of the study are as follows: Both vaccines, with or without screening, were found to be cost-saving. Vaccination with either was found to save 1.18% to 2.12% of the government budget. The screening strategies offered additional savings. An additional budget of ₹1,992 million and ₹6,328 million was needed for the administration of live attenuated vaccine and inactivated vaccine, respectively. Results aligned with studies from other middle-income countries, supporting the integration of vaccination into public health programs. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika PLoS One Source : Published on : August 8, 2024 Hepatitis A, Cost-effectiveness, Health economics, Research findings iLAuNCH: Artificial intelligence to monitor astronauts’ health A wearable space health device for astronauts has been developed through a joint effort led by the Australian National University (ANU). Industry leaders such as Axiom Space and AI/ML solutions company Aqacia are also involved. The iLaunch research collaboration intends to employ AI to monitor astronauts' health in real-time during spaceflight. The device records analyzes, and forecasts astronaut health throughout space missions . Isolated communities located far off could also profit from this technology. Personalized projections will be possible due to the device's real-time assessment of astronaut fitness and physiology in microgravity. Using artificial intelligence, ANU will build "Medical Digital Twins" to simulate, diagnose, and forecast astronaut physiology in real-time. Liquid Instruments and Saber Astronautics, two more cooperating businesses, will create a smooth communication mechanism for real-time health data. In the project's second phase, Axiom Orbit will test the device in orbit and integrate it for use in the next space missions. This technique could be useful for commercial flights and remote Earth areas outside space. This collaboration aims to enhance astronaut health monitoring and advance space exploration. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Social trends Source : Published on : August 8, 2024 Artificial intelligence, Innovation, Space Health, Technology, Medical devices Centre of Excellence in Mental Health: Building the capacity to address mental health disorders The Chief Minister of Himachal Pradesh recently announced that a 100-bed “ Center of Excellence in Mental Health” is being developed at Dr. Rajendra Prasad Govt Medical College & Hospital, Tanda. Along with this, the Chief Minister has also commenced classes for BSc nursing. Indira Gandhi Medical College & Hospital, Shimla, and Dr.Rajendra Prasad Govt Medical College & Hospital, Tanda, are two of the main government hospitals in the state of Himachal Pradesh. Setting up a Centre of Excellence is a component of the Manpower development under the National Mental Health Program to enhance training and develop infrastructure. The institute was provided funds from the Union during 2016-17 for the development of the same. Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Social Trends Source : Published on : August 8, 2024 Mental health, Capacity building, Centre of Excellence End of the New Castle Outbreak in Brazil: A tale of robust efforts The Newcastle disease Outbreak at a commercial poultry farm has been affecting Brazil's Rio Grande Do Sul area since July 17, 2024. The disease, caused by avian paramyxovirus, affected wild and domestic birds and had severe aftereffects on the country’s economy. The essential steps undertaken against the outbreak are as follows: Establishment of a zoosanitary emergency area Strict monitoring and surveillance The export of poultry meat and poultry products has been temporarily suspended. No new cases were detected during the 42-day monitoring period , and subsequently, the area was declared disease-free, marking the end of the outbreak on August 1, 2024. The Ministry underscored the crucial role of continuous vigilance, future preparedness, and resilience in preventing and managing such outbreaks. Content Editor: Dr. Swathi Shenoy Social trends Source : Published on : August 7, 2024 Outbreak, Viral diseases, International health WHO's steps towards accelerating rehabilitation in Southeast Asia Approximately 590 million people in Southeast Asia, including India, require rehabilitation services for conditions like low back pain, vision loss, fractures, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. WHO Regional Director addressed a meeting in July, 2024 to accelerate the provisioning of rehabilitation services across the region, focusing on physical therapy, mental health, and addiction recovery. Primary healthcare facilities often lack sufficient rehabilitation services , and there is a significant shortage of healthcare professionals in this field and these gaps need to be addressed. The WHO emphasizes integrating basic rehabilitation into routine health services and leveraging technology like telemedicine to extend services to underserved and remote communities. Developing a culture of empathy and inclusivity, decreasing stigma, and raising health literacy are all essential to expanding access to rehabilitation treatments. Communities must be included, care models must be reoriented, coordination must be strengthened, the staff must be empowered, and an enabling environment must be established. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham WHO News section Source : Published on : August 7, 2024 Rehabilitation, International health Air quality crisis: Report by Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air The data shows that 140 localities were listed on the daily list of the most polluting cities from January to June. 51 of these cities showed up at least ten times during the six months. Assam/Meghalaya's Byrnihat was found to be the most polluted city in India in July 2024 , with an average monthly PM2.5 concentration of 90 µg/m³, exceeding the daily National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Of India's ten most polluted cities, two were found in Bihar and Haryana , three were in Rajasthan, and one in Punjab, Assam, and Uttar Pradesh. In July 2024, the daily list of the top 10 most polluted cities included 61 cities; only 20 are included in the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP). There is no action plan for the remaining 41 to lower dangerously high levels of air pollution. CREA's monitoring of India's air quality, exemplified by such a devastating ranking, underscores the urgent need for effective pollution control to safeguard public health. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air Source : Published on : August 7, 2024 Air pollution, National Ambient Air Quality Standards Dog import rules for low-risk countries: Updates from CDC Starting August 1, 2024, the CDC has simplified the process for bringing dogs into the U.S . from countries with low or no rabies risk . This change is intended to safeguard the health of both people and animals . Dogs from these countries can now enter with a CDC form, provided they are microchipped and over six months old. However, stricter regulations remain for dogs from high-risk areas, including additional documentation and vaccination requirements. Additionally, airlines have the option to request exceptions to these new rules. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : August 7, 2024 Rabies, International Health, International Health Regulations Ebola vaccines: Updates from the Strategic advisory group of experts The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization convened in May 2024 to update Ebola vaccination recommendations . They reviewed two vaccines: rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP (Ervebo) by Merck & Co. and Ad26.ZEBOV with MVA-BN-Filo (Zabdeno and Mvabea) by Janssen Pharmaceutica. Ervebo, a single-dose vaccine, showed 100% efficacy in non-pregnant adults and sustained antibody levels for at least five years. It has a good safety profile despite higher local and systemic adverse events than controls. Ervebo is particularly effective for rapid outbreak response through ring vaccination and is recommended for healthcare workers (HCWs) and frontline workers (FLWs) in at-risk areas, with revaccination suggested if outbreaks occur more than six months after initial vaccination. Zabdeno and Mvabea , a two-dose regimen , demonstrated approximately 53% survival in animal studies against a fully lethal dose, with documented antibody duration for at least five years. It is slightly more reactogenic than controls but has no elevated risk of serious adverse events. However, it is less suitable for rapid outbreak response due to its two-dose requirement and is recommended for low-risk areas if resources allow. The overall strategy favors Ervebo for immediate high-level protection during outbreaks, while Zabdeno and Mvabea are considered for broader, preventive vaccination efforts. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Ghurumourthy Weekly epidemiological record, World Health Organization Source : Published on : August 5, 2024 Vaccine, Immunization, Infectious diseases, Public health Disaster Management Bill 2024 In view of the extreme weather conditions, including heavy rainfall, floods, and heat wave s across cities in India, the Lok Sabha has approved the plan to develop an Urban Disaster Management Authority (UDMA) in cities with municipal corporations and capital cities across India. The proposed plan is to develop a three-tier system of Disaster Management: The National Disaster Management Authority at the national level The State Disaster Management Authority at the state level The Urban Disaster Management Authority at the city level. The municipal commissioner will be heading the UDMA with the responsibility of preparing and implementing plans. This step is intended to avoid multiple district level plans in the same city while developing a city level plan for mitigation and preparedness for disasters that are impending threats to the city. The bill also directs the development of the State Disaster Response Force, as the Disaster Management Act currently provides for a National State Disaster Response Force to respond to natural and man-made disasters. Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala Social Trends Source : Published on : August 5, 2024 Disaster Management, Public Health Legislation, Climate change, Disasters Regulation of quality of drugs in India: The pharmacy of the world The Minister directed the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization(CDSCO) to develop roadmap with timelines including the following: Need for a World class regulatory framework to enhance the reputation of India as ‘Pharmacy of the World’. Focus on transparency in procedures of Central Drugs Standard Control Organization(CDSCO) to ensure High quality products Continuous dialogue with the industry by CDSCO to address challenges and support compliance with quality standards. Support for Micro,Small and Medium Enterprises in issues faced to strengthen their capacity and product quality Collaboration with state regulatory bodies to integrate state practices with central quality standards for upgrading good manufacturing practices. Technical upgradation and uniformity in drug quality for exports. Content Editor: Dr Sivanthiga Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 5, 2024 Pharmaceutical industry, Drug Quality, Drug safety Pre-monsoon preparedness: The plan ahead to manage Dengue and Chikungunya The measures taken include: Increase in the number of Sentinel Surveillance Hospitals to 848 for free diagnosis and disease surveillance. Initiation of pre-monsoon preventive activities as a part of the National Dengue Day celebration. Master trainers from secondary and tertiary care hospitals were trained on updated national guidelines of case management released by the Union Health Ministry. Teams were deputed from the Centre to States for: Reviewing disease situation and actions taken, Provision of technical guidance and logistics for diagnosis. The measures that need to be taken are: Focus on high burden states Inter-ministerial convergence among the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), the Ministry of Rural Development (MoRD), the Education Ministry Creation of 24/7 central helpline Establishment of dedicated dengue hospitals Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sivanthiga Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 5, 2024 Pre Monsoon Preparedness, Vector Borne Disease Control Maharashtra’s medical college expansion: The challenges Maharashtra's ambitious plan to add ten new medical colleges and 1,000 MBBS seats this year is encountering delays. The National Medical Commission (NMC) has flagged concerns over faculty, infrastructure, and equipment. Hence, only three or four colleges are expected to receive approval soon, with others potentially facing a year-long wait. Issues also include inadequate college buildings, insufficient faculty, a lack of hostels and libraries, and basic attendance tracking systems in other colleges. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika Social trends Source : Published on : August 5, 2024 Medical college, Medical education, Education, Health coverage Zero MMR: Tamil Nadu health unit district's remarkable achievement Tamil Nadu health sector officials briefed on the state's progress regarding the maternal mortality ratio (MMR). As recorded in the Health Management Information System, the MMR dropped from 52.3 per one lakh to 45.5 per one lakh in one year (2022-23 to 2023-24). Under the Directorate of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, the state has Health Unit Districts (HUD) that are the highest technical and administrative units at the district level. The Virudhunagar HUD , which shares responsibility with 22 primary health centers, has remarkably attained zero maternal deaths out of 7991 deliveries in 2023-2024 , dropping from 6 deaths out of 8483 live births in 2022-23. The officials attribute this success to the cooperative referral system among the primary, secondary, and tertiary care health centers. The improved infrastructure at Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care , where high-risk pregnant women are referred, has also contributed to the change. Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala Social trends Source : Published on : August 3, 2024 Maternal Mortality, Health System, Mother and child health, Vital statistics Gaza declared a “Polio Epidemic Area” The war between Israel and Palestine has been going on since October 2023, leading to a severe humanitarian crisis. This has led to the deprivation of usable water, the destruction of sanitation facilities, food insecurity, and the accumulation of tons of waste. According to recent reports, the health ministry has declared Gaza the "Polio Epidemic Area" due to the detection of the circulating variant poliovirus type 2 (cVDPV2) strain of the polio virus in Gaza's sewage water. However, no human cases have been reported until now , highlighting that the virus may be present among individuals without causing any signs or symptoms. The WHO has also reiterated the need and importance of ensuring the delivery of vaccines to the people struck by this crisis. Content Editor: Dr Swathi Shenoy Social trends Source : Published on : August 3, 2024 Disasters, Outbreak, Polio The need to control antibiotic resistance in the environment: Study findings Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the growing concerns that is known to affect the ecosystem. Antibiotic resistance in the environment is one of the most underreported and growing concerns due to the uncontrolled and untreated discharge of antibiotics into the environment. Hence, a study was conducted in Hyderabad from December 2021 to April 2022, to assess the temporal dynamics of AMR in wastewater. Wastewater was sampled at monthly intervals. Thirteen mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and 123 antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) were analyzed in the wastewater samples using quantitative real-time PCR. A few of the essential results are as follows: 70% of the examined ARGs were detected. Nine out of 10 examined ARGs and 28 out of 52 antibiotics were detected. An estimated 50% of the tested ARG subtypes were found consistently each month, with a frequency of 52–61%. The antibiotic showing the highest resistance was found to be aminoglycosides. The frequency of detection of ARGs and MGEs markedly increased in the winter. This study addresses AMR through the One health approach, connecting all three aspects of human health, animal health and environment . This study provides evidence to develop sustainable policies and promote the rational use of antibiotics. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr Swathi Shenoy Nature Source : Published on : August 3, 2024 Antimicrobial resistance, One health, Environment 2022 Walking statistics: Leisure and transportation patterns of Americans The 2022 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR ) QuickStats study compares walking behaviors in urban and rural areas and looks at walking patterns among adults in the United States who are at least 18 years old. It distinguishes between walking for transit and walking for pleasure. In the last seven days, 58.7% of adults walked for pleasure, whereas 16.2% of individuals walked for transportation. Urban dwellers were likelier to walk for both purposes than rural areas. In particular, 18.3% of adults in cities and 7.6% in rural areas walked for transit. 59.5% of urban people and 55.6% of rural dwellers went for leisure walks. The differences in walking patterns between urban and rural populations are highlighted by this data, which may point to places where public health programs to promote physical activity, especially in rural regions, could be particularly effective. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : August 3, 2024 Physical activity, International health, Lifestyle Public health alert: Dangerous substances found in gummies in the US The MMWR study details the discovery of Schedule I drugs, including psilocybin and psilocin, in nootropic gummies that were sold in Virginia between late 2023 and early 2024 and contained Amanita muscaria or other mushrooms. After consuming these gummies, tachycardia, confusion, and nausea were reported by five individuals, one of whom was a youngster. According to laboratory testing, these candies also had additional ingredients like caffeine, ephedrine, and mitragynine. Because customers are unaware that these chemicals could cause severe sickness, their presence risks public health. Healthcare professionals and the general public are advised by the report to exercise caution while using nootropics that contain mushrooms because they may contain hazardous and hidden components. It is advised that anyone having symptoms after consumption seek medical assistance right once. Click here to read more. COntent Editor: Dr. Chinmay Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : August 3, 2024 Hallucinogenics, Public health hazard, International health news. Food safety Global efforts and setbacks in Tetanus elimination: A 22-year review The global report "Progress Toward Achieving and Sustaining Maternal and Neonatal Tetanus Elimination—Worldwide, 2000–2022" confirms substantial advancements in maternal and neonatal tetanus (MNT) reduction worldwide. Neonatal tetanus cases were claimed to have decreased by 89% between 2000 and 2021, with 47 out of 59 priority countries (80%) having achieved confirmed MNT eradication by December 2022. The program's main objectives were to ensure clean delivery procedures, enhance competent birth attendance, and raise the percentage of pregnant women receiving the tetanus toxoid-containing vaccination (TTCV). Notwithstanding these achievements, difficulties exist mainly because the COVID-19 epidemic has disrupted routine immunization. In order to maintain success and prevent reemergence, national vaccination recovery efforts must incorporate MNT methods, given the upsurge in newborn tetanus cases in 31% of priority countries since 2020. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : August 2, 2024 Tetanus, Neonatal tetanus, Elimination, International health news The need to control antibiotic resistance in the environment: Study findings Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the growing concerns that is known to affect the ecosystem. Antibiotic resistance in the environment is one of the most underreported and growing concerns due to the uncontrolled and untreated discharge of antibiotics into the environment. Hence, a study was conducted in Hyderabad from December 2021 to April 2022, to assess the temporal dynamics of AMR in wastewater. Wastewater was sampled at monthly intervals. Thirteen mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and 123 antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) were analyzed in the wastewater samples using quantitative real-time PCR. A few of the essential results are as follows: 70% of the examined ARGs were detected. Nine out of 10 examined ARGs and 28 out of 52 antibiotics were detected. An estimated 50% of the tested ARG subtypes were found consistently each month, with a frequency of 52–61%. The antibiotic showing the highest resistance was found to be aminoglycosides. The frequency of detection of ARGs and MGEs markedly increased in the winter. This study addresses AMR through the One health approach , connecting all three aspects of human health, animal health and environment . This study provides evidence to develop sustainable policies and promote the rational use of antibiotics. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Swathi Shenoy Nature Source : Published on : August 2, 2024 Antimicrobial resistance, One health, Environment The national health claims exchange: Updates The National Health Claims Exchange (NHCX) was launched under the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) to streamline and facilitate the exchange of claims-related information among healthcare and health insurance stakeholders. NHCX will be the hub for all health-related claims, reducing hospital administrative load. This will serve as a portal for exchanging health claim-related information among insurers, hospitals, and beneficiaries, thereby speeding up the claim process. As of July 21, 2024, 34 insurers and third-party administrators are live on the portal, and 300 hospitals are preparing to start the process. This portal aims to improve the efficiency and transparency of healthcare claims. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Swathi Shenoy Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 2, 2024 Insurance, Health coverage, Ayushman Bharat Boosting its pandemic preparedness: Measures taken by the country India is taking a "One Health" approach, recognizing that the health of humans, animals, and the environment are all connected. The National One Health Mission (NOHM) brings together 13 government departments to work on disease prevention and preparedness. The Key Actions taken: Stronger Labs - A high-tech labs (BSL-3) network has been set up to test for dangerous pathogens. Joint Outbreak Response —A special team has been formed to respond quickly to disease outbreaks in humans, animals, and wildlife. Better Surveillance - The disease surveillance system (IDSP) improves with real-time data and faster response teams. More Trained Experts - Training programs are being conducted to build a skilled workforce for outbreak response. The successful control of the Nipah outbreak in Kerala demonstrated the effectiveness of this coordinated approach. Significant funds have been allocated under the PM-ABHIM scheme to foster disease control and pandemic preparedness and upgrade healthcare facilities for future health emergencies. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Shayari Nag Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 2, 2024 Pandemic Preparedness, One Health India fights back for climate resilient agriculture Climate change is a major threat to India's agriculture. ICAR assessed the impact of climate change on 573 agricultural districts. 109 districts are categorized as 'very highly' vulnerable , and 201 as 'highly' vulnerable , with significant yield reductions in staple crops like rice, wheat, and maize by 2050 and 2080 without adaptation. The following adaptation and mitigation measures have been taken: National Innovations on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) implemented climate-resilient technologies in 448 villages across 151 vulnerable districts. Technologies include improved crop varieties, efficient irrigation, soil health management, and renewable energy. District Agricultural Contingency Plans (DACP) were prepared for all 651 agricultural districts. The National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) was launched with components like Rainfed Area Development, Farm Water Management, and Soil Health Management. Additional programs like Soil Health Card, Organic Farming, and Per Drop More Crop were also initiated. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Shayari Nag Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 2, 2024 Sustainability, Agriculture, Climate Change, Daily News Snippets Monthly Archives 01-10 February, 2024 View More 14-20 January, 2024 View More 19-25th November, 2024 (26) View More 23-31stOctober, 2023 (18) View More 28-31 January, 2024 View More 7-13 January, 2024 View More 5-11th November, 2023 (5) View More 15-21st October, 2023 (12) View More 21-27 January, 2024 View More 26-30th November, 2024 (20) View More 01-04th November, 2023(4) View More 08-14th October, 2023 (5) View More 24-30th September, 2023 (5) View More 01-09th September, 2023 (11) View More 13 - 19 th August , 2024 (5) View More 23-31st July, 2023 (28) View More 17-23rd September, 2023 (10) View More 27-31st August, 2024 (16) View More 6-12th August, 2024 (16) View More 16-22nd July, 2023 (9) View More 10-16th September, 2023 (9) View More 20-26th August, 2024 (20) View More 1-6th August, 2023 (25) View More 1-8th July, 2023 (5) View More Subscribe to get Latest Public Health Updates SUBSCRIBE

02. Government run hospitals conduct mock drills to check COVID-19 preparedness across India. 02. Government run hospitals conduct mock drills to check COVID-19 preparedness across India. December 28, 2022 The Hindu COVID-19 preparedness Hospitals across Delhi conducted mock drills on Tuesday to assess their preparedness to deal with any spurt in COVID-19 cases. During the mock drill the availability of hospital beds, condition of ICU beds, availability of medical oxygen, necessary training of doctors and other medical and paramedical staff were reviewed. The Union Health Minister Mr.Mandaviya was present during the mock drill and reviewed the preparedness at the Safdarjung hospital, New Delhi.

Nasha mukt Bharath abhiyan Content Editor: Dr Prayag Khandelwal February 21, 2024 at 1:30:00 PM Substance abuse, Mental health, Noncommunicable diseases The Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan (NMBA) has the following objectives: Conducting Awareness generation programmes Focusing on higher educational Institutions, university campuses, and schools Identifying the dependent population by interacting with the community Emphasize the geotagged counseling and treatment spaces of hospitals and rehabilitation centers. Capacity building programmes for service providers The following steps have been taken by the ministry: Inauguration of 41 addiction treatment facilities The NMBA and DOSJE (Department of Social Justice and Empowerment), in collaboration with Brahma Kumaris, introduced NMBA awareness vehicles on February 14, 2024 Experience sharing videos and Online podcast series on YouTube Previous Next

03. Union Minister of Health & Family Welfare, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya interacts with doctors and representatives of IMA 03. Union Minister of Health & Family Welfare, Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya interacts with doctors and representatives of IMA December 26, 2022 Press Information Bureau MoHFW, COVID-19 Preparedness Dr Mandaviya urged the doctors and members of IMA to continue to spread authentic information about COVID19. “You have been our ambassadors during the country’s fight against COVID19. I value your contribution and salute the selfless dedication and service of the healthcare professionals. I urge you to be our partners and ambassadors to prevent an infodemic by educating the public on various aspects of the COVID19 disease and its prevention and management aspects”. He expressed confidence that doctors would continue to work dedicatedly in this fight, as they have been doing till now. He urged on adherence to ‘Test-Track-Treat-Vaccinate & Adherence to COVID Appropriate Behaviour’ and uptake of precaution doses for the vulnerable groups. “Only this way we will be able to preserve the gains made so far through continued collective efforts”, he stressed.

Mental Health Assistance in Shelter Homes Content Editor: Dr Jasmin Nilima Panda March 24, 2023 at 4:37:36 PM Mental Health, Maternal and Child Health The Ministry of Women and Child Development has implemented various schemes for providing shelter homes, medical care and mental health counselling to the underprivileged women and children. Shakti Sadan : an Integrated Relief and Rehabilitation Home for women in difficult circumstances, formed by the combination of Swadhar Greh & Ujjawala Homes . Mission Vatsalya Scheme : support is provided to States and UT Governments for delivering services for children in difficult circumstances. Child Care Institutions (CCIs) are established to monitor & support age-appropriate education, vocational training, recreation, health care, counselling etc to both urban and rural children. The scheme supports 1098, a 24x7 outreach toll-free child helpline and the setting up of a Suggestion Box for complaints and redressal for children. SAMVAD : Support, Advocacy & Mental Health Interventions for Children in Vulnerable Circumstances and Distress established jointly by MoWCD and NIMHANS(in 2020) provides training, guidance and technical support to child protection functionaries working in children’s shelter homes. One Stop Centre(OSCs) : provides medical aids, psycho-social counselling, police facilitation, legal aid, etc. for the distressed women. Under the Stree Manoraksha project , these staff are trained to handle the psycho-social and mental health care needs of women facing violence and distress. Previous Next

India to be the most populous country in 2023 India to be the most populous country in 2023 January 18, 2023 The Tribune Demography As per the World Population Prospects 2022 report, India is projected to exceed China as the world'smost populous country in 2023. According to National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), Population of China in 2022 —1.4118 billion (declined by 850,000 from 2021). Birth rate in 2022 — 6.77 births per 1,000 people (declined from 7.52 in 2021). The death rate in 2022 — 7.37 per 1,000 people, Natural growth rate at negative 0.6 per 1,000 people The last time China reported a population decline was in 1961. India is projected to have a population of 1.668 billion in 2050.

India Adopts BPaLM regimen for Treatment on Drug-Resistant TB Content Editor: Dr. Shayari September 28, 2024 at 6:09:17 PM Tuberculosis, NTEP India has the world's largest TB laboratory network and a dedicated National TB Elimination Program (NTEP). The NTEP has been working tirelessly to detect and treat TB patients, and the introduction of BPaLM is another key step in this fight. India has approved a new, shorter treatment regimen for Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), marking a significant step towards the country's goal of eliminating TB by 2025. - The new treatment, called BPaLM, combines four drugs: Bedaquiline, Pretomanid, Linezolid, and Moxifloxacin. - BPaLM is proven to be safer, more effective, and quicker than previous MDR-TB treatments, curing patients in just six months (compared to up to 20 months previously). - The introduction of BPaLM is expected to significantly accelerate India's progress towards its ambitious goal of ending TB. The government is committed to eliminating TB by 2025, five years ahead of the global target. Click here to read more Previous Next

Unmet needs of organ donation in India Content editor: Dr. Pradipta February 23, 2024 at 2:00:00 PM Organ donation, Health coverage The Supreme Court has agreed to hear a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) filed by an NGO regarding the insufficient infrastructure and healthcare facilities in government hospitals for organ donation in India. Despite a high willingness among people to donate, India faces a severe shortage of organs for transplantation, with only 0.86 donations per million population in 2022. The petitioner highlighted a 2018 study on posthumous organ donation willingness that revealed Colombia and India exhibited the highest rates, of 75% and 74% respectively. This starkly contrasts with the demand for approximately 5 lakh organs annually, with only 2-3% of the demand met . The petitioner urged compliance with transplantation laws, specifically Sections 14 and 14-A of the Transplantation of Human Organ (Amendment) Act 2011, and registration with NOTTO. Click here to read more. Previous Next

The Swacchta Pakhwada initiative Content Editor: Dr. Tanya Tanu May 18, 2024 at 3:00:00 PM Swachh Bharat Mission, Swachhta Pakhwada, Cleanliness, Hygiene Swacchta Pakhwada addressed the importance of cleanliness and hygiene. The first drive was observed at PM SHRI Kendriya Vidyalaya, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, on May 8, 2024. During the first drive, focus was laid on the following: Significance of cleanliness in sustaining a healthy society Motivating the children to become drivers of cleanliness in and around their surroundings The Swachhta pledge taken by the entire DSIR team entails: Focusing on individual commitment towards cleanliness by devoting 100 hours every year to promote the message of the Swachh Bharat Mission. Encouraging the individual to motivate 100 people to take the pledge. This drive aims to instill a sense of responsibility towards cleanliness in younger minds. Click here to read more. Previous Next