Copy of 67-Headlines of the day (All) Public Health News Snippets 01 - 04th May, 2024 Guidelines to safeguard against heat waves. The N ational P rogramme for C limate C hange and H uman H ealth has issued guidelines for protection from heat waves, specifically for Employers and workers. The four main strategies include: Stay Hydrated Stay Indoors Stay Alert Stay Covered The guidelines are as follows:- To maintain the availability of cool drinking water facilities with a reminder , and avoid hot beverages, including sugary and carbonated drinks. To stay covered and avoid direct sunlight , specifically during peak afternoon hours. To identify and recognize heat-related symptoms for fellow workers and provide immediate care on the spot. To be alert to weather forecasts through various media sources. Wear loose-fitting, light-colored clothing with long sleeves to have a covered head. To make working conditions hospitable and equipped with proper first-aid kits and awareness regarding all necessary recommendations. To maintain a slower pace of work during peak times and proper rest and time off for employees. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Gupta National Programme for Climate Change and Human Health Source : Published on : May 1, 2024 Climate Change, Heatwave, Environmental Health How can a video-based tool help improve maternal mental health? Maternal mental health is one of the public health concerns as it has a debilitating effect on the mother, child, and family in total. However, awareness of these conditions is lacking in our health system. A quasi-experimental, single-group interventional study is in the planning stage to develop and evaluate a video-based tool to improve awareness and reduce stigma related to maternal mental illnesses. The study is planned to be conducted among 128 postpartum mothers within 6 months of their delivery. The study will be conducted among the mothers visiting the immunization OPDs of the UHTC and RHTC of a medical college in Bangalore, Karnataka. The Postpartum Depression Literacy Scale will be used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. Further, this intervention can help in identifying mothers with postpartum depression, which will thus ensure early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. However, one of the biggest limitations of the study is the lack of a control group to compare the effectiveness of the intervention Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Swathi Shenoy PLoS One Source : Published on : April 30, 2024 Maternal health, Postpartum, Mental health Predictors of modern contraceptive methods' usage in Pakistan Pakistan has exceeded South Asia's annual growth rate (1.2%) at its current rate of 2.5% , with a high fertility rate of 3.56 births per woman . Despite the introduction of the Costed Implementation Plan in 2020, the utilization of MCM is just 26.1% in the region, as found in this study. The most common short-term methods were condoms, pills, and injectables , while long-term methods were less common (among them, implants and IUDs were used). The most accurate predictors of MCM usage were reported as -Number of children (4 or more), - mother’s education (primary level), - husband’s education (middle level), - postnatal care visits of the mother, Lady Health Worker’s counseling as part of post-natal visits The study showed that women preferred to use MCMs to limit their family size rather than for spacing, particularly among older women, hence, there is a high unmet need for younger women to utilize MCMs to space out their pregnancy. The study underscored the need for counseling and guidance for women, especially during the postnatal period, and spousal support to increase the uptake of MCMs . Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Prachi Goswami PLoS ONE Source : Published on : April 30, 2024 Reproductive health, contraceptives Community-centred cervical cancer screening in India: Strategies and outcomes The objective was to identify the barriers and challenges faced by providers and vulnerable populations in low-resource settings and adopt strategies to implement a feasible HPV test-based cervical cancer screening program. A mixed-method, quasi-experimental trial design, including qualitative and quantitative assessments, was utilized. Strategies involved- Capacity assessment, Workshops and training, Community engagement, and Counseling by frontline health care workers. The results of the study are as follows: Achievment of 30% screening uptake in 8 months, compared to 6-8% with visual inspection methods annually. The highest HPV positivity was found among tribal women (12.1%), followed by rural (5.5%) and urban slum women (3.1%). Follow-up rate for triage testing: rural (84.6%), tribal (56.1%), urban slum (45.5%). Special follow-up camps increased the tribal follow-up rate to 56%. Median time from HPV report to follow-up: tribal (28 days), urban slum (36 days), rural (36 days). The challenges with VIA-based screening were addressed, including, hesitancy, limited camps, and personnel shortages. The flexibility in service delivery and patient navigation improved screening uptake and compliance. The self-collection of samples combined with community engagement, flexible triage processes, and health system strengthening showed acceptable screening rates and better compliance to triage. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Sumana Mukhopadhyay PLoS One Source : Published on : April 30, 2024 Cancer, HPV screening, Noncommunicable diseases Transforming masculinities: A global research agenda for sexual and reproductive health and rights The W orld H ealth O rganization (WHO ) initiated a global research priority-setting exercise focusing on masculinities and sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) . This exercise, crucial for enhancing the SRHR of both genders, particularly addresses the underexplored impact of engaging men and boys in ways that challenge harmful masculinities. More than 200 stakeholders from diverse backgrounds across 60 countries and all WHO regions contributed to this collaborative endeavor. The exercise highlighted four main research priorities : Developing gender-transformative strategies for involving men and boys in SRHR, Conducting applied research to improve service delivery that caters to diverse SRHR needs and promotes gender equality, Designing research that engages the intended audience and influences policymakers, Focusing on the specific needs of low-income and middle-income countries. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Ghurumourty WHO News Section Source : Published on : April 30, 2024 Reproductive Health and Rights, Gender Equality Pop culture as a weapon for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) The caricature, born from a co-design workshop at the Dutch Embassy last November, draws inspiration from Pac-Man and features AMR superheroes combating superbugs in a dynamic battleground, unveiled by Ambassador Marisa Gerards last Thursday. Antimicrobial resistance(AMR) is one of the top 10 worldwide health challenges of the twenty-first century, according to the World Health Organization. "AMR, a growing health concern, resulted in over 1.2 million deaths worldwide in 2019 due to antibiotic misuse in healthcare and agriculture, with antibiotic residues detected in the environment, water, and food, complicating treatment for severe infections," highlighted Gerards. This event is one example of community ownership for health promotion. Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Social Trends Source : Published on : April 30, 2024 AMR, Health Promotion Asia's climate situation in 2023 Key climate change indicators, including sea level rise, glacier retreat, and surface temperature, have been rising faster than expected, according to the State of the Climate in Asia 2023 study. The mean temperature over Asia in 2023 was 0.91 °C higher than the reference period of 1991–2020, making it the second warmest on record. In the last forty years, the mass of the glaciers in High Mountain Asia has decreased significantly and at an accelerated rate, which was made worse in 2023 by record-breaking high temperatures and dry weather in the Tien Shan mountain range and the Eastern Himalayas. South-west China and the Hindu Kush region experienced severe drought conditions, with below-normal precipitation levels throughout the year. Asia faced a significant number of hydrometeorological hazards, primarily floods and storms, resulting in over 2,000 fatalities and impacting more than 9 million people. 80% of WMO Asia Members provide disaster risk reduction services, but less than 50% in Regional Association II offer vital climate projections, hindering effective adaptation to climate change. Click here to read more . Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal World Meteorological Organization Source : Published on : April 29, 2024 Climate change, Disasters, Hazards Do poor WASH facilities in hospitals create a huge health and economic burden? A recent report by WaterAid exposes the serious effects of insufficient water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) facilities in healthcare centers across seven countries in sub-Saharan Africa. These included- Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Uganda, and Zambia. The study estimated alarming figure s- In 2022, 2.6 billion healthcare-linked infections (HCAIs) occurred due to poor WASH, resulting in 277,160 additional deaths. Over half (50%) of these infections were likely caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria. The economic burden is massive, costing these countries 2.5% to 10.9% of their healthcare budgets. The lost productivity from infections equates to an extra 0.4% to 2.9% loss in GDP. WaterAid cautions that the problem will intensify with increasing antibiotic resistance. They highlight the cost-effectiveness of improving WASH, estimating the investment required is under US$1 per person —a small amount compared to the savings from reduced HAI costs. The report urges several actions: National governments in these countries should allocate specific budgets for WASH in healthcare facilities. The donors, G7 countries, and international financial organizations should prioritize WASH when supporting healthcare development in low- and middle-income countries. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Kelkar WaterAid Source : Published on : April 29, 2024 Antimicrobial stewardship, Healthcare-associated infections U.S. Strategy: Protecting American and global communities from emerging threats The White House released the United States Government Global Health Security Strategy (GHSS) 2024 to keep Americans safe from future pandemics, emphasizing the importance of worldwide collaboration to achieve global health security. The CDC is crucial in these strategies: Coordinate domestic and global health security programs. Offer scientific expertise to partners and policymakers. Lead in addressing infectious disease outbreaks. Utilize data for real-time outbreak response. Maintain international staff for collaborative efforts and early detection of overseas health threats. CDC has a long history of supporting partner governments through initiatives such as the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) to improve their ability to prevent, detect, and respond to emerging health threats. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Rashmi Verma Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : April 29, 2024 Emerging Health Threats, International health Need to empower doctors against medicolegal cases Experts demand an increased focus on Medicolegal cases and legal knowledge for doctors to defend themselves in court as the need for strong legal knowledge has increased. The Medical Council of India receives around 100 medicolegal cases every year. As there is an increase in cases of patients dragging doctors to court, framing fictitious cases of negligence, and patients attacking doctors, the Medical Fraternity wants urgent reforms in the medical curriculum. The training will also prepare future doctors to face every situation in this dynamic world of medicine. The NMC and the Ethics Medical Registration Board, in partnership with state medical councils, are urged to provide training to medical practitioners on defending themselves in legal cases. A Health Ministry official says, doctors must have a basic idea of medicolegal cases, as they have ethical and legal obligations. If patients are aware of their rights, doctors should also be empowered. People use the law as a weapon to strong-arm doctors, they should be empowered enough to defend themselves from these false cases. Content Editor: Dr. Aishwarya Social Trends Source : Published on : April 29, 2024 Medico legal cases, Medical Ethics Health concerns spark recall: Carcinogens found in spice mixes Hong Kong’s Centre for Food Safety (CSF) , on 5th April, revealed that they discovered Ethylene oxide, a pesticide in the following Indian brand spice mixes during their regular food surveillance program: MDH Madras curry powder MDH sambar masala MDH curry mixed powder Everest fish curry masala The distributors have started the process for recalls of the impacted products, and the public has been warned not to consume these. Two weeks later the Singapore food agency also issued a recall notice for Everest masala due to the same reason. While there is no immediate effect due to the consumption of this pesticide residue, extended consumption can lead to the formation of cancer cells Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Centre for Food safety, Government of Hong Kong Source : Published on : April 29, 2024 Food safety, Cancer, Nutrition, Food regulation, Carcinogen, Pesticide residues How effective are antibiotics in providing cough relief among patients with LRTI? The study found that 29% of the LRTI patients enrolled in the study were prescribed at least one of these antibiotics - amoxicillin-clavulanate, azithromycin, doxycycline, and amoxicillin. These patients on antibiotics were likely to be further along in their illness, had a more severe illness, and were more likely to receive systemic corticosteroids and albuterol inhalers. Patients with viral and bacterial infections on antibiotics had coughs for significantly longer duration. The study revealed that physicians probably overestimate the percentage of LRTI infections that are bacterial and overestimate their ability to distinguish bacterial from viral LRTI. The prescription of antibiotics for LRTIs may be reduced even further. Educating patients about how long the symptoms of LRTI typically last, could avoid requests for antibiotics. Further research is required to determine the role of antibiotics in patients with a cough. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Niharika Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy Source : Published on : April 27, 2024 International health, Respiratory infections, Communicable diseases, Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Expansion of the insurance coverage It will now be possible for senior citizens to purchase health insurance, regardless of any underlying medical concerns, even if they are 80 or 90 years old. This comes after the ruling party declared that "everyone over the age of 70 years" would be covered by the government's Ayushman Bharat health insurance program in its election manifesto. Under the previous regulations, people could only get new insurance coverage up until the age of 65. But now that the recent modification is in place and will take effect on April 1st, anyone can get a new health insurance policy, regardless of age. Insurers must provide policies to individuals regardless of severe medical conditions, offer premium payments in installments, and allow AYUSH treatment coverage without limits. Benefit-based policyholders can file multiple claims, while senior citizens' complaints and claims will be handled through a specialized channel for better responsiveness. Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Social Trends Source : Published on : April 27, 2024 Health Insurance, Ayushman Bharat Barriers to Mammograms: A finding from CDC Vital signs study A recent CDC Vital Signs report reveals that only about 65% of women aged 50-74 with multiple health-related social needs are current with their mammograms. These health-related social needs, including factors like food insecurity and unreliable transportation , significantly hinder access to healthcare. Data from the 2022 behavioral risk factor surveillance system shows that the greater the number of social barriers a woman faces, the less likely she is to receive a mammogram. Primary obstacles include healthcare costs, social isolation, unstable employment and not having dependable transportation. Furthermore, uninsured women, who have low income or lack a regular healthcare provider are less likely to undergo regular mammograms. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Ghurumourty Center for Disease Control Source : Published on : April 27, 2024 Cancer, Non-communicable diseases, Mammography, Screening Update on concomitant treatment of Hepatitis C and tuberculosis Evidence suggests that concurrent therapy for HCV and MDR/RR-TB is feasible, with potential benefits outweighing the hazards. Co-administration may improve MDR/RR-TB treatment success while decreasing failures, loss to follow-up, and fatalities. These details are provided in the new edition of WHO unified guidelines for the treatment of TB and drug-resistant tuberculosis, with its accompanying Operational Handbook on Tuberculosis: Module 4: therapy. While short-course oral d irect-a cting a ntivirals (DAAs ) have revolutionized HCV treatment , with over 90% sustained virologic response rates, managing chronic HCV in MDR/RR-TB patients remains a difficulty due to differing national policies. This new update further encourages countries to take unified national policies regarding the same. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Anubhav Mondal WHO News Section Source : Published on : April 27, 2024 Tuberculosis, Hepatitis, Treatment guidelines DRONE- the innovative technology In a revolutionary step in innovative research, the pilot testing of DRONE technology for transferring pathological specimens mid-surgery was conducted recently. DRONE technology stands for “Deployment of a Robust Need-based aerial healthcare delivery system. This initiative was undertaken as a collaborative effort between ICMR and Kasturba Medical College, Manipal. This technology transferred the specimen across 37 km, reducing the waiting period from 60 to 15 minutes. This study aims to evaluate the potential use of such technology to transport specimens from secondary to tertiary care centers. This innovative approach would enable faster decisions during surgery and improved access to high-level health care for patients in peripheral hospitals Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Swathi Shenoy Indian Council of Medical Research Source : Published on : April 27, 2024 Innovation, Research, and Technology Revision of the pesticide limits in spices and herbs. A recent advisory released by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) raised the Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) of pesticides in India in spices and herbs to 0.1 mg/kg from 0.01 mg/kg . This change is said to be guided by data from field trials conducted by the Central Insecticides Board and Registration Committee (CIB&RC) . Due to the lack of field trial data in countries like India, the MRLs will be fixed based on data generated from the Monitoring of Pesticide Residues at National Level (MPRNL) by the Department of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare, Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare. In case the pesticide is registered with CIB&RC, and the MRLs are specified for food commodities other than spices and culinary herbs, the standards set in the Codex Alimentarius , approved by the WHO and FAO will apply. If the MRLs are not specified in the codex or the pesticide is not registered with the CIB&RC, the MRL of 0.1 mg/kg will apply . Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Goel Food Safety and Standards Authority of India Source : Published on : April 25, 2024 Food Safety, Pesticide levels, FSSAI Validation of the indigenous HPV testing kits for cervical cancer screening. AIIMS, Delhi, is launching a groundbreaking project to validate made-in-India HPV testing kits for cervical cancer screening. The study will assess kit efficacy using global samples, starting with 1,200 of patients above 30 years of age with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) biorepository in France. Prof Neerja Bhatla, study investigator, emphasized the importance of accurate HPV screening to combat India's high cervical cancer burden and the affordability issue of the kits. The test involves cervical sample collection, similar to a Pap smear for detection . The initial work on indigenous kits began in 2016; now, cheaper, faster kits are developed to improve screening accessibility. The study, lasting three months , aims for credible results to inform national program implementation by year-end. Collaborations have been made with the IARC and other institutes, which will help expedite the sample collection and testing, cutting study time significantly. The importance of validating low-cost HPV tests for the Indian population to enhance cancer detection and control is the need of the hour. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr Sumana Mukhopadhyay Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Source : Published on : April 25, 2024 Cervical cancer, HPV, Screening Thirty-eighth meeting of the IHR emergency committee for Polio In the context of the global target of interruption and certification of wild poliovirus (WPV1) eradication by 2026, interruption and certification of circulating vaccine-derived polioviruses (cVDPV2) elimination by 2028 , the Emergency Committee reviewed the data. In 2024, the Baluchistan province of Pakistan reported 2 new cases of WPV1 It indicates the spread of WPV1 from the endemic zone of Afghanistan to traditional reservoirs of Pakistan. An intensive and synchronized campaign schedule focusing on improved vaccination coverage in endemic zones of both Afghanistan and Pakistan is in implementation. The return of undocumented migrants from Pakistan to Afghanistan has attenuated the challenges, which are being managed and mitigated by vaccinating at border crossing points and updating microplans in districts of both countries. The meeting concluded that the risk of international spread of poliovirus still remains a public health emergency of international concern and the tempory recommendation should be extended further for 3 more months. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Soundhar WHO News Section Source : Published on : April 25, 2024 International health, Disease outbreak, Polio, Public health Green cover: A dust mitigation strategy. MCD recommends planting of trees in schools, open areas and on the roadside this year. The horticulture department has released notices for the zonal offices to detail on their specific measures to implement the task. MCD also aims to carpet or repair 50km of internal roads by Oct as part of dust mitigation measures. Work is being implemented under non-plan head, funds received from MLAs or M ukhyamantri S adak P unarniraman Y ojna, said by officials. Water sprinklers, jet machines and anti-smog guns are being sprayed to mitigate dust pollution. Content Editor: Dr. Aishwarya Social Trends Source : Published on : April 22, 2024 at 1:00:00 PM Environmental Health, Dust Mitigation, One Health. Heat-related illness advisory: Guidelines & preparedness Due to the risk of above-normal seasonal temperatures, the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) released an advisory to the State Health Departments on Heat-Related Illnesses (HRIs) . The salient points are as follows - Ensure dissemination of national and state-level guidelines on tackling heat-related illnesses. Manage coordination among various stakeholders at the state level. Start maintenance and reporting of cases and deaths due to heat-related illnesses . Deaths due to such cases must be investigated to understand the epidemiology of the illness. Health facilities must be able to manage HRIs and must have adequate human and medicinal resources for the same. The facilities should also be able to withstand the complications of extreme heat. Mass gatherings and sports events must be prepared to manage HRIs Early warnings for heat waves and health-related activities to spread awareness about HRIs should be carried out. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Manu Goel National Centre for Disease Control Source : Published on : April 20, 2024 at 3:00:00 PM Heat-related illnesses, Disease prevention, Intersectoral coordination, National Centre for Disease Control Innovative hearing solutions: Piezoelectric implants The Department of ENT at Command Hospital (Southern Command) in Pune has successfully performed two piezoelectric Bone Conduction Hearing Implants (BCI). These procedures were conducted on a 7-year-old child with congenital ear anomalies and severe hearing loss and an adult with Single Sided Deafness (SSD), making it the first government hospital in India to achieve this feat. The designated Neurotology Centre of the Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS), has been offering implantable hearing solutions for years. The piezoelectric BCI system is crucial for patients with conductive/mixed hearing loss who aren't candidates for cochlear implants or benefit from hearing aids or middle ear surgery. The surgeries were performed by Lt Col (Dr) Rahul Kurkure, under the guidance of Col (Dr) Nitu Singh, at the helm of Command Hospital (SC), Pune, led by Maj Gen B Nambiar, the success was praised by high-ranking officials. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr Sumana Mukhopadhyay Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : April 20, 2024 at 3:00:00 PM Health technology, Hearing loss, Implants MERS-like coronavirus - a developing threat The threat of another pandemic due to coronaviruses is likely due to their genetic diversity, and rapid mutations and hence deserves continual attention. MERS-CoV was first identified as a cause of zoonotic disease in 2012 in dromedary camels and continues to circulate in camels and cause disease in humans. It can cause Middle East respiratory syndrome, which has led to 2609 human cases and 939 reported deaths since its recognition, mostly in Saudi Arabia. Despite not having caused a large epidemic so far, it has the potential for a future outbreak due to ongoing zoonotic transmission and circulation among camels in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. The major concern is the evolution of new lineages , which can result in efficient human-to-human transmission. Many new strains can infect human cells via the DPP4 receptor (the MERS-CoV host cell receptor) or ACE2 (SARS-CoV receptor). Hence, it is prudent to be attentive to newly identified MERS-like coronaviruses isolated from animals such as bats, pangolins, and European hedgehogs. Content Editor: Dr. Prachi Goswami The Lancet Source : Published on : April 20, 2024 at 3:00:00 PM Pandemic, coronavirus, MERS-CoV Synergistic approach to beat the summers The minutes of the meeting held among the officials of IMD, NDMA, and PMO were: The forecast for above-normal maximum temperatures over most parts of the country and longer days of heat wave episodes and heatwave spells than normal was explained. IEC (Information Education Communication) materials regarding summer preparedness were planned to be translated into regional languages and disseminated to combat the hotter-than-usual summer that coincides with the general elections. The Prime Minister emphasized the need for a synergistic approach involving various ministries and arms of the government in this regard and reviewed the adequacy of health sector preparedness. 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3-Headlines of the day (All) Public Health Headlines 20th February, 2023 Indians continue to move West, despite India being a bright spot among world economies According to the Ministry of External Affairs , in 2022, almost 2.25 lakh Indians renounced their citizenship , the highest since 2011. The move is especially seen among HNI (high net-worth individuals). HNI are those who have a wealth of more than 8.2 crores. This reflects a worrying situation wrt emigration of the country. The trend also raises a question, "is the wealth not translating into the higher quality of life in India they seek, ultimately forcing them to move out"? The Hindu Source : Published on : Monday, February 20, 2023 Demography, Migration, Emigration First time India has achieved more than 15,000 transplants in a year (2022) Union Ministry of Health & Family Welfare organized National Organ & Tissue Transplant Organisation (NOTTO) Scientific Dialogue 2023 on Sunday. Union Health Secretary Shri Rajesh Bhushan congratulated everyone for an annual increase of 27% in transplant numbers in India (2022) after a dip during COVID-19. He said “despite having 640+ medical hospitals and colleges, transplants remain a specialized service limited to some hospitals only and highlighted the need for capacity building of our medical institutions. There is also a need to identify high case load institutions and bring them under the network NOTT program. He suggested that consultations and discussions can lead to a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) and consequentially, the creation of a Centre of Excellence at the state and regional levels where these specialized services can be provided to the needy. Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : Monday, February 20, 2023 NOTTO, Organ Transplantation, MoHFW ₹2,232 crores fine levied by NGT to the Delhi government as per the “Polluter Pays Principle” NGT chairperson Justice Adarsh Kumar Goel asked the Delhi government to pay the fine of ₹2,232 crore government for damage caused to the environment due to improper solid and liquid waste management. The compensation pattern in respect of other States (at the rate of ₹2 crores per million liters per day of untreated sewage and ₹300 per tonne of untreated legacy waste), compensation of ₹2,232 crores is liable to be levied on Delhi govt as per NGT order. Currently, National Green Tribunal across the country works on the “Polluter Pays Principle” as it is mentioned in its governing law: National Green Tribunal Act, 2010. “Polluter Pays Principle” means that the absolute liability for harm to the environment extends not only to compensate the victims of pollution but also to the cost of restoring the environmental degradation. To know more about CPCB, Waste Management Guidelines - Click here The Hindu Source : Published on : Monday, February 20, 2023 National Green Tribunal, CPCB , Wate Management Does Aam Admi Clinics (AACs) disrupt the existing Rural Health System of Punjab? In Punjab, Subsidiary Health Centre (SHC) is the first point of contact for patients in rural areas that caters to 5,000 to 10,000 population. Recently Punjab government opened 400 AACs on January 27, the clinic offers around 100 lab tests and medicines free of cost. The matter of concern is now doctors and other staff working in already existing SHCs & PHCs were deputed to newly opened AACs. Public Civil Medical Services(PCMS) Association said this expansion of the public health delivery system is welcomed but not at the sacrifice of the existing health system which has served for years. The Hindu Source : Published on : Monday, February 20, 2023 Aam Admi Clinic, Health System Strengthening

31-Headlines of the day (All) Public Health News Snippets 6-12th August, 2023 Somatic Experiencing for patients of chronic stress and PTSD Peter Levine invented and developed the bio-psychological working paradigm known as Somatic Experiencing® to comprehend, prevent, and treat post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic stress. An interventional study using Somatic Experiencing®, done on Breast cancer survivors, showed encouraging findings that support the use of this model to address the psychological effects of medical therapy and prolonged treatments for breast cancer. The study involved BC survivor women in Italy who had been diagnosed with Stage 0 to 3 mono- or bilateral breast cancer for up to 5 years, Had undergone surgery, Had never taken a Somatic Experiencing® course. The individuals, who were split into interventional and control groups, had : Their anxiety, depression, and distress (measured by HADS) Coping mechanisms (measured by Mini-MAC) Trauma reworking skills (measured by PACT) Body image (measured by BIS) examined At baseline, the survivors reported normal to borderline levels of depression and anxiety as well as a composite to impaired body image. At the conclusion of the eight online group sessions, the women in the intervention group displayed improved psychological health. They had a considerable reduction in their levels of anxiety, depression, and distress symptoms. Results indicate that this model may help in developing more effective coping strategies and trauma reworking skills in terms of a decrease in anxious preoccupation and a greater forward focus. Additionally, it was seen that most of the women in the interventional group had a positive change in their perception of their bodies. Content Editor: Dr. Subhana Siyad Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Source : Published on : Thursday, August 10, 2023 Breast cancer, Mental Health, Stess New Parliamentary report highlights the escalating menace of Drug abuse in India Punjab, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, NCT of Delhi, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal are among the worst affected states wherein the drug problem was widespread among children and adults alike. Nearly 7 lakh children (10-17 years) are abusers of substances like tobacco, alcohol, cocaine, heroin, opioids, sedatives, and inhalants. The most common substance abuse among school and college goers was tobacco, additionally- Over 3 lakh children are using opioids Over 72000 consuming inhalants Over 18000 cocaine The problem is also similarly widespread among adults, with over 66 lakh total abusers. 21 lakh people are addicted to various kinds of opioids, including heroin. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay The Tribune Source : Published on : Thursday, August 10, 2023 Public health, Drug abuse, Addiction, Adolescent health WHO’S Tobacco Epidemic Report commends India for its efforts in controlling Smoking According to WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic: "Protect People from Tobacco Smoke, 2023"- The WHO's MPOWER policies have resulted in 300 million less smoking globally. The smoking prevalence fell from 22.8% to 17% from 2007-2021. Initiatives comprise of Tracking tobacco usage Providing quitting assistance Warning about tobacco harms Imposing tobacco advertising bans Hiking taxes. The report focuses on second-hand smoking that causes a major burden of many fatal diseases. It acknowledges India's achievements, with 85% of cigarette packs carrying warnings on both sides. India has also banned the sale of e-cigarettes and has comprehensive restrictions on tobacco advertising. Experts recommend additional measures such as Posting warnings on OTT platforms by actors Prohibiting the sale of cigarettes in bulk Advocacy for increased penalties for public smoking The city of Bengaluru has been specially mentioned because of the 27% decrease in smoking This can be attributed to- Excellent communication methods, Campaigns 'No Smoking' signage The city has gained worldwide acclaim for its tobacco control initiatives. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Indian Express Source : Published on : Thursday, August 10, 2023 Tobacco control, Smoking, WHO Lupin pharmaceuticals revokes oral contraceptives batches in distribution. Lupin Pharmaceuticals Inc., Lupin's US subsidiary, has withdrawn two batches of Tydemy, an oral contraceptive, due to 'out of specification' outcomes at the 12-month stability check point. The recall is voluntary due to a considerable decrease in the amount of inactive content (ascorbic acid) in the product and went into effect following Lupin's notification to the US Food and Drug Administration on July 29. Tydemy lots that were impacted were distributed between June 3, 2022 and May 31, 2023. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay The Hindu Source : Published on : Wednesday, August 9, 2023 pharma, contraceptives Fortified flavoured milk delivery restarted for Anganwadi children in Vadodara The Vadodara Municipal Corporation's (VMC) Standing Committee has approved the restart of enriched flavoured milk delivery to Anganwadi children. During the Covid-19 epidemic in 2020, the distribution was halted. The ICDS department requested approval and a Rs 1.93 crore budget to offer fortified milk to 10,120 children at VMC Anganwadi six days a week. Originally, milk was planned to be delivered twice a week, but it will now be delivered six days a week. The fortified milk contains Vitamin D and Vitamin A and will be given to each child attending the Anganwadi, with a possibility of 200 ml if there's a health requirement. The proposal also seeks approval for making advance payments to Baroda dairy and Amul, which supply the fortified flavoured milk to around 436 Anganwadi in the city. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay Indian express Source : Published on : Wednesday, August 9, 2023 Nutrition, Fortification New vaccine to safeguard infants from hospitalization The United states center for disease control (CDC) approves a first ever vaccine against severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease. RSV is one of the most common causes of childhood respiratory sickness and the cause of death for 100 to 300 US children under the age of five per year. CDC found that use of the long-acting monoclonal antibody Nirsevimab, tradename BeyfortusTM, reduced the incidence of both hospitalizations and doctor visits for RSV in newborns by nearly 80%. CDC recommends single dose of Nirsevimab for all under 8 months, for their first RSV season and additional dose for immunocompromised children between the ages of 8 and 19 months. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy CDC Newsroom Releases Source : Published on : Wednesday, August 9, 2023 Immunization, Child health, RSV, Public health Bivalent Covid booster proven more efficient than 4th dose of monovalent strain According to an observational study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases, a fourth dose of the bivalent (two-strain) COVID-19 vaccine is significantly more effective against medical treatment and hospitalization than a fourth monovalent (single-strain) dose among both previously infected and never-infected individuals who had received three monovalent doses. The study involved 2,749,829 participants and found that those who had never been exposed to COVID-19, a fourth dose of the monovalent vaccine did not provide any further protection over three doses against symptomatic infection while dose four of the bivalent vaccine did. The bivalent vaccine targets both the wild-type virus and the Omicron variant , as opposed to the monovalent which only targets the wild-type SARS-CoV-2. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy CIDRAP Source : Published on : Wednesday, August 9, 2023 vaccination, Covid, Public health, Research findings Early diabetes detection now possible with AI and x-rays US researchers developed an artificial intelligence model on chest X-rays. The AI analyses the distribution of fatty tissue and uses it to flag people with high risk of developing diabetes. It ensures early diagnosis in individuals who may not be regularly screened for non-communicable diseases for example individuals with low BMI. The AI presents an exciting opportunity to extract data from routine tests to improve patient care. The researcher are next aiming to examine how well these X-rays can identify diseases such as chronic obstructive lung disease and congestive heart failure. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Indian Express Source : Published on : Wednesday, August 9, 2023 Public health, AI in health, Healthcare technology, Early diagnosis, Diabetes Cancer fatality on the rise in females in India Twenty three major and common cancers were analyzed as part of the cancer mortality trends study conducted from 2000 to 2019. The research, now published in a journal affiliated with the American Society of Clinical Oncology, was carried out at Amrita Hospital, Kochi , in collaboration with the World Health Organization. Pancreatic cancer showed the highest annual rise in mortality among both sexes at 2.7%. The study emphasizes the necessity for a comprehensive approach to tackle the escalating rates of cancer-related deaths in India, which include Raising awareness about cancer symptoms Implementing cancer prevention policies Enhancing existing healthcare infrastructure. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Indian Express Source : Published on : Tuesday, August 8, 2023 Cancer, Research study, WHO, Mortality trends, Public health A Novel response to spike in Dengue in Delhi To effectively respond to rising cases of dengue in the capital, healthcare facilities were directed by the government to set aside beds for dengue cases and maintain stock of requisite medications. 1031 hotline , previously used for COVID, will now be used for Dengue. Physicians were advised to exercise caution when prescribing medications. The educational sector was requested to ensure that students wore long-sleeved uniforms . The educational department has also been instructed to assign a dengue awareness assignment to students, in which they will draft a report on their own household’s dengue prevention preparedness. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Indian Express Source : Published on : Tuesday, August 8, 2023 Public health, Outbreak, Vector borne diseases, Intersectoral coordination Are we doing enough to stub out smoking? Smoking kills 8.7 million people every year, making it one of the leading preventable causes of death. The UN health agency urged nations to increase their use of recognized tobacco-use prevention strategies, such as: Enforcing advertising bans Plastering health warnings on packages Raising tobacco taxes Assisting those who want to quit Globally, only 4 countries have successfully adopted all the WHO-recommended anti-tobacco measures. Currently, 71% of the world’s population is protected against smoking by at least one tobacco control measure, 5 times more than in 2007. However, 2.3 billion people still remain unprotected. Regarding the control measures on e-cigarettes , 121 countries have adopted some, and a total of 74 have no regulations in place for the same. Content Editor: Dr. M Swathi Shenoy The Hindu Source : Published on : Tuesday, August 8, 2023 Smoking, Laws and Regulations, Noncommunicable diseases Introduction of the Ayush Visa: a step forward in boosting our Medical Value Tourism The Govt of India recently introduced a new category of visa known as the Ayush Visa. This visa will be available for foreign nationals who seek treatment under the Indian system of Medicine. It is a part of India’s roadmap for the “Heal in India” initiative. This will help in boosting the Medical Value Travel in India. According to the report “The Global Wellness Economy: Looking beyond COVID”, the global wellness economy is estimated to grow by 9.9% annually. Also, Ayush based economy is estimated to grow by 70 billion by 2025. This initiative will help in making Indian traditional medicine a global phenomenon. 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79-Headlines of the day (List) Public Health News Snippets 15 - 20th July, 2024 Empowering aspirational districts and blocks: NITI Aayog’s ‘Sampoornata Abhiyan’ initiative NITI Aayog launched a new campaign ‘Sampoornata Abhiyan ’ from 4th July – 30th September 2024. It aims to achieve saturation of 6 key indicators in 112 Aspirational Districts and 500 Aspirational Blocks. District (KPI’s) Key Performance Indicators identified are: Antenatal Care registration Supplementary Nutrition for pregnant women Child immunization Soil Health Cards distribution Functional electricity in schools Timely textbook provision in schools Block KPIs : Antenatal Care registration Diabetes and Hypertension screening Supplementary Nutrition for pregnant women Soil Health Cards generation Revolving Fund for SHGs The Implementation of this campaign ensuring active community participation is planned via: 3-month Action Plan Monthly progress tracking Awareness campaigns Monitoring visits The Aspirational Districts Programme (2018) and Aspirational Blocks Programme (2023) target rapid development and service saturation in backward areas across health, nutrition, education, and infrastructure. NITI Aayog, with Central Ministries and State Governments, aims to enhance planning, implementation, and sustainable service delivery in Districts and Blocks Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Sumana Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : July 20, 2024 Healthcare delivery, Evidential breath alcohol analyzer: Preventing wrongful penalties The Legal Metrology Division, which deals with the calibration of measuring instruments under the Department of Consumer Affairs, Government of India, drafted new rules for Evidential Breath Analyzers. These rules may be called the Legal Metrology (General) (Amendment) Rules, 2024. They are mentioned in the eighth schedule specifications for measuring instruments, part xiii- evidential breath analyzer. An evidential breath alcohol analyzer (EBA) is a device that uses end-expiratory breath air. It prints measurement results as the mass concentration of alcohol in a specified volume of exhaled air within specified error limits. Types: Stationary EBA Transportable EBA Portable EBA. To ensure accuracy, the Evidential Breath Analysers must be verified and stamped according to the Legal Metrology Act, 2009. This verification protects individuals from wrongful penalties due to faulty equipment and helps maintain the integrity of legal and workplace policies. The draft rules have been released, which state that the analyzers follow standardized testing procedures, ensuring consistent and reliable results across different devices. This would help in swiftly identifying people under the influence of alcohol. It was ordered that the existing EBAs be verified and stamped. The rules have mentioned various tests to ensure the correctness of the instrument. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sivanthiga Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : July 20, 2024 Metrology, measurement, climate Stop diarrhea campaign 2024: To eliminate child deaths due to diarrhea The Union Minister launched the National Stop Diarrhoea campaign to achieve zero child deaths from diarrhea. The campaign will be of 2-month duration (July-August 2024), and distribution of ORS packets and zinc to under-5 children will be done. The key focus areas: Strengthening health infrastructure Increasing access to safe WASH services Enhancing nutritional programs Promoting hygiene education The initiative builds on previous efforts like Mission Indradhanush, the Rotavirus vaccine, and Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. Ministers emphasized the importance of prevention, awareness, and healthcare worker engagement. The campaign involves collaboration with various ministries for comprehensive implementation. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Prachi Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : July 20, 2024 Diarrheal disease, Infectious diseases, Under-five WHO report: 2.6 million annual deaths due to alcohol consumption The WHO’s latest report underscores the severe public health impact of alcohol and drug use. In 2019, 2.6 million deaths were attributed to alcohol, predominantly among men. The report reveals that 400 million people globally suffer from alcohol use disorders. Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General, emphasized the urgent need for actions to reduce alcohol consumption and enhance substance use disorder treatments. Despite slight decreases in alcohol consumption, death rates remain high, especially in low-income countries. The report calls for global efforts to meet SDG target 3.5 by 2030, focusing on prevention , treatment accessibility, and reducing the stigma around substance use disorders. Effective measures include advocacy campaigns, healthcare professional training, and resource mobilization. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manjeet WHO News Section Source : Published on : July 20, 2024 Substance abuse, Alcohol, Lifestyle Global call to action on desertification and drought Desertification and drought are severe environmental challenges , with up to 40% of global land already degraded. Healthy land is crucial for food security, employment, and protection against natural disasters. However, unsustainable resource use and growing populations exacerbate land degradation, driving forced migration and displacing millions. Over one billion young people in developing countries, reliant on land for sustenance , face limited job prospects. Addressing these issues through eco-entrepreneurship and best practices can offer viable solutions. Desertification and Drought Day 2024 focuses on the future of land stewardship, urging global action to preserve this vital resource and ensure stability and prosperity for billions worldwide. The theme for this year, “United for land, our legacy, our future,” aims to combat this raising concern. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manjeet UN News Section Source : Published on : July 20, 2024 Climate Change, Environment & Health, One health GAVI launches support for human rabies vaccines in routine immunization GAVI supports human rabies vaccines for post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) within routine immunization programs. This initiative targets Africa and Asia, where 95% of rabies deaths occur, often in marginalized communities. This effort, part of the Zero by 30 campaign to eliminate dog-mediated human rabies by 2030, aligns with global partners, including the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the World Health Organization (WHO), and the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH, formerly OIE). Dr. Jérôme Salomon of WHO emphasized the importance of this commitment in preventing human rabies fatalities. Eligible countries can apply for GAVI support by mid-July 2024. GAVI’s Chief Programme Officer, Aurélia Nguyen, stressed the aim of ensuring equal access to rabies vaccines. Initially planned for 2021, this program was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic and has now been reactivated. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manjeet WHO News Section Source : Published on : July 19, 2024 Rabies, Animal bite, Immunization, Global Health WHO issues comprehensive guidelines for global tobacco cessation WHO’s new guideline offers a robust framework for tobacco cessation , targeting over 750 million users wishing to quit. The recommendations encompass all forms of tobacco, including cigarettes, waterpipes, and smokeless products . Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, WHO Director-General, highlights the guideline’s potential to reduce the global burden of tobacco-related diseases. The guidelines emphasize that effective cessation therapies combining pharmacotherapy (varenicline, NRT, bupropion, and cytisine) with behavioral support significantly improve success rates. WHO advocates for accessible treatments, especially in low- and middle-income countries, and prequalified Kenvue’s nicotine gum and patch in 2024. It also includes digital tools like text messaging and apps that complement traditional counseling methods. WHO urges healthcare providers and policymakers to adopt these guidelines to enhance global tobacco cessation efforts. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manjeet WHO News Section Source : Published on : July 19, 2024 Non Communicable Diseases, Tobacco, Guidelines WHO updates laboratory biosecurity guidance to enhance global safety The WHO's updated laboratory biosecurity guidance strengthens measures to manage biological risks in health systems. The key updates include enhanced cybersecurity for patient records , managing risks from new technologies like genetic modification and AI, and maintaining safety during emergencies. Laboratories are crucial in patient diagnosis, disease surveillance, and R&D for treatments and vaccines. The guidance helps countries establish robust frameworks for handling high-risk pathogens, especially those with fewer regulations. It emphasizes strong governance through Institutional Biosafety Committees and national oversight. Developed with input from WHO collaborating centers and advisory groups, this guidance promotes a risk-based approach to mitigate the misuse and accidental release of biological materials, ensuring safe and continuous biomedical research. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manjeet WHO News Section Source : Published on : July 19, 2024 Global Health Security, Lab biosecurity, Guidelines Governments’ self-assessment of the IPHS standards: 80% of the public health facilities below minimum standards Approximately 80% of public health institutions in India do not have enough staff, equipment, or infrastructure to meet basic requirements as per the (Indian Public Health Standards) IPHS guidelines. The statistics were provided by the government's National Health Mission (NHM) self-assessment. Out of more than two lakh establishments, only 40,451 took part in the evaluation. Of the facilities tested (including district hospitals, community health centers, and health and wellness centers), about 20% met IPHS requirements, and 42% received a score below 50%. The IPHS are the set benchmarks for delivering minimum essential healthcare services. The Center hopes to have 70,000 facilities compliant within 100 days, and surprise inspections to verify claims will be carried out . The officials have said that the National Quality Assurance Standards (NQAS) physical assessment is essential in assessing the quality of healthcare provided at hospitals and community health centers . The NQAS team will soon provide a virtual assessment of health and wellness centers. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Social Trends Source : Published on : July 19, 2024 Health Economics, Public Health Standards, Health System Strengthening Impact of extreme heat in Delhi: An increase in nephrolithiasis cases Kidney stone cases among young adults (20-40yrs) in Delhi have increased by 30–40%, which is related to the city's extreme heat and dehydration. Evidence has shown that global climate change, with extremes of temperature, affects vulnerable population groups differentially, with higher rates of dehydration and subsequent episodes of nephron—or urolithiasis. Urine's chemical content can cause stones due to dehydration from higher temperatures. Some causes are genetic susceptibility and high oxalate consumption (found in foods like chocolates, berries, nuts, and green leafy vegetables). Overindulgence in foods high in protein and sodium, hyperuricosuria, and hypercalciuria, like metabolic diseases, can increase patients' risks. Severe back or abdominal discomfort, frequent urination urges, and even blood in the urine are common complaints. Officials stress the importance of staying hydrated, drinking lots of fluids, and making dietary changes. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Social Trends Source : Published on : July 19, 2024 Heat waves, Kidney Stones, Climate Change Rabid seals attack surfers: South Africa faces unusual rabies outbreak Rabies spreads to people from the saliva of infected animals and is usually transmitted through a bite. An incident was reported in Cape Town after a seal bit several surfers. Four fur seals were euthanized for testing; three tested positive. To date, 11 fur seals in South Africa have tested positive for rabies , marking the first significant marine mammal outbreak. The symptoms include fever, pain, and unusual sensations at the wound site, followed by brain and spinal cord inflammation, leading to hyperactivity, hallucinations, hydrophobia, and paralysis. Rabies is common in regional wildlife but rare in seals. There is a potential risk of seal-to-human transmission as well. About 2 million fur seals live in the area, raising concerns about the virus spreading within colonies and to other species like otters. The following public safety measures are being taken by officials to prevent potential spread : 1. Vaccination of the surfers and swimmers if bitten. 2. Closing of beaches by lifeguards if aggressive seals are seen. 3. Dog owners are urged keep pets leashed. Content Editor: Dr Sakshi Aggarwal Social Trends Source : Published on : July 18, 2024 Rabies outbreak, One Health, Zoonotic disease Infodemics and COVID-19 vaccine intentions in the United States: Study findings A study in Science reveals that unflagged, factual, but misleading Facebook posts in the United States reduced the intent to receive the COVID-19 vaccine 46 times more than flagged false posts . Researchers from MIT and UPenn surveyed thousands about the influence of 130 vaccine-related headlines. They extrapolated results to predict the impact of 13,206 Facebook links on the vaccination intentions of 233 million US users. They found that unflagged, misleading content from credible sources was viewed hundreds of millions of times and significantly reduced vaccination intentions by 2.28 percentage points per user, compared to 0.05 percentage points for flagged content. The study highlights that exposure had a greater impact than flagging status, suggesting that content moderation should also prioritize reviewing widely viewed content rather than just identifying false information. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sangya Center for Infective Disease Research and Policy Source : Published on : July 18, 2024 COVID-19 Vaccination, Research Findings MeDevIS: WHO launches global platform for medical device information MeDevIS (Medical Devices Information System), the WHO’s new online platform, is a comprehensive repository of information on 2301 types of medical devices, providing a wealth of knowledge at your fingertips. MeDevIS is designed to aid governments, regulators, and users and covers a range of health issues, from reproductive health to non-communicable diseases and infectious diseases like COVID-19. Dr. Yukiko Nakatani, WHO Assistant Director-General, emphasized the platform's role in navigating the growing complexity of medical technologies. MeDevIS consolidates data from various international sources, offering a user-friendly interface for checking device specifications, required infrastructure, and supported healthcare levels. By referencing international naming systems like EMDN (European Medical Device Nomenclature ) and GMDN (Global Medical Device Nomenclature) , MeDevIS simplifies device nomenclature, aiding in regulatory approval and procurement processes, ultimately contributing to improved global health technology access. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manjeet WHO News Section Source : Published on : July 18, 2024 Health System innovation, Newer Update, Medical devices WHO prequalifies first Hepatitis C self-test: Boosting global efforts for HCV elimination The OraQuick HCV self-test , manufactured by OraSure Technologies, is now prequalified by the WHO. This self-test, an extension of the OraQuick® HCV Rapid Antibody Test for professional use, is designed for lay users, providing a single kit for self-testing. WHO recommended HCV self-testing to complement existing services and increase access and uptake, particularly among those less likely to test otherwise. National projects supported by Unitaid show high acceptance and feasibility. They empower individuals with personal choice and stigma-free self-care. Dr. Meg Doherty, WHO Director for Global HIV, Hepatitis, and STI Programmes, emphasizes the importance of this development in expanding HCV testing and treatment, contributing to the global goal of HCV elimination. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manjeet WHO News Section Source : Published on : July 18, 2024 Communicable diseases, Viral hepatitis, Newer Updates, Self care India issues "Tobacco Free Educational Institution (ToFEI)" guidelines Tobacco use causes 1.35 million deaths yearly in India, the second-largest tobacco consumer and producer. 8.5% of students aged 13-15 use tobacco , partly due to easy access near schools. The National Tobacco Control Programme launched Tobacco Free Educational Institution (ToFEI) Guidelines. A ToFEI Implementation Manual was released on World No Tobacco Day 2024. Key activities for schools include: Displaying "Tobacco Free Area" signage Ensuring no tobacco use evidence on premises Organizing regular tobacco control activities Nominating "Tobacco Monitors" Prohibiting tobacco sales within 100 yards Civil society involvement is encouraged for awareness through street plays, video films, talks by NGOs and experts, and National Social Service and Vidyanjali initiatives. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Prachi Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : July 18, 2024 Tobacco, Substance use, School health India's progress towards a drug-free future: "The whole-of-government" approach Shri Amit Shah, Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, emphasized India's commitment to achieving a 'Drug-Free India' with a 'zero tolerance' policy towards drugs. The "whole of government" approach is committed to this initiative. Under this policy, the government has "zero-tolerance " against drugs, intending to eradicate drug addiction. The significant achievements recently include a nearly 100% increase in seized narcotics, with a 152% rise in cases registered against drug traffickers. The quantity of seized drugs doubled to 3.95 lakh kgs , and their value surged 30 times to Rs. 22,000 crore. Anti-narcotics agencies have also destroyed 12 lakh kgs of drugs worth Rs. 12,000 crore , alongside freezing assets valued at ₹74,75,00,531 through financial investigations. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : July 17, 2024 Drug trafficking, Narcotics, Drug addiction, Substance abuse Study to determine the prevalence and risk factors of depressive episodes among tribals in India While a significant amount of research has been done concerning depression in the general population, there is an absolute dearth of understanding about the mental health status of the tribal societies of India. The key objectives of the study included: Assessment of prevalence of depression among the ST population Assessment of determinants of depressive symptoms among the ST population Secondary data from the LASI survey conducted between April 2017 and December 2018 was obtained, and 12,215 STs were segregated. The self-reported depressive symptoms were assessed using the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), which comprises 20 questions regarding depressive episodes and overall mental health. The results of the study were as follows : 25% of the ST population experienced depressive symptoms , ranging from 21 % among 45-49 year olds to 29% among STs over 70 years of age. Depressive episodes were more common among females . Depressive symptoms showed a negative association between education and no. of living children. Depressive symptoms showed a positive correlation with the presence of comorbidities. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Tanya Indian Journal of Medical Research Source : Published on : July 17, 2024 Mental Health, Tribal Health, Depression Domestic hazardous waste 2024: An overview The report by Toxics Link. a non-profit body says: Municipal Solid Waste constitutes two-third of the total waste generated. Domestic Hazardous Waste (DHW) constitutes 1-4% of the total Municipal Solid Waste generated (an estimate of 1600 to 6401 tons). DHW contains varying amounts of harmful chemicals, such as lead and mercury. When waste segregation at the source is not practiced, DHW mixes with other wastes, increasing health hazards such as: Antimicrobial resistance through seepage of antibiotics to the surrounding environment. Air pollution of toxic chemicals through landfill fires. Increased occupational risk through injury by sharps and contact with toxic chemicals of waste handlers who do not use personal protective equipment or PPE (90% do not use any PPE). The study found that in cities such as Delhi, Chennai, Chandigarh, and Indore, there was a lack of awareness about source segregation . In Ranchi and Jaipur, people practiced burning or draining as a method of disposal for blood sugar testing kits, urine pregnancy kits, etc. 53% of households have discarded mercury-based thermometers with other wastes. Bhopal households have reported injuries while handling DHW 97% of the time. A significantly higher proportion of waste collectors expressed a preference for separate collection of DHW, while some of them had no issues. The Solid Waste Management Rules (2016) in India provide some guidance, but no specific rules for managing DHW exist. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala Toxics Link Source : Published on : July 17, 2024 Environmental Health, Waste Management Strategies to enhance COVID-19 vaccine uptake among prioritized groups: Recommendation for future pandemics. It has been demonstrated that stakeholder involvement is significant in planning and targeting vaccination efforts for COVID-19. Community-based stakeholders play a significant role in fostering vaccine-related interpersonal mobilization. It demonstrated that influencers' engagement in developing and implementing vaccination strategies helped reduce misunderstandings and mistrust regarding COVID-19 vaccinations. Vaccination models developed through stakeholder engagement increased COVID-19 vaccine uptake among prioritized groups in supported regions of Uganda. Using the existing public health platforms and community social structures in emergency response efforts can reinforce health systems’ resilience to future pandemics. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Soundhar Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : July 17, 2024 COVID-19, International Health, Vaccination, Research findings Impact of the Texas abortion ban law 2021: Increase in infant deaths Texas law prohibiting abortion if heartbeat is detected came into effect from September 1, 2021. It didn’t allow exemptions for congenital anomalies, either. A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers is the first study that examines how Texas abortion bans have impacted infant deaths in the state and also the first to present evidence evaluating recent abortion bans and pre-viability restrictions. There was a 12.7% increase above the expected 1,697 infant deaths for this period, as 1913 deaths were observed. It found a similar pattern in neonatal deaths, with an estimated 145 excess deaths in the post-policy period, which were not observed in other states. Researchers also found that Texas had an atypical increase in infant deaths due to congenital anomalies. As per the records, infant deaths attributed to congenital anomalies increased by 22.9% in Texas between 2021 and 2022, whereas the rest of the U.S. had a decrease of 3.1% during the same period. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Soundhar John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Source : Published on : July 17, 2024 Reproductive and sexual health, Infant mortality, Public laws, Abortion Landmark ruling: Advocating equal maternity leave for all mothers While pregnant women are entitled to 26 weeks of paid leave in the Indian constitution, those embracing motherhood via adoption or surrogacy are granted only 12 weeks of maternity leave. This law was contested recently by a finance service officer who called for equality in the treatment of all mothers. Highlighting the importance of initial caregiving in early child development, the plaintiff moved that denying her maternity leave due to surrogacy was unfair. The Orissa High Court moved that the plaintiff was entitled to 180 days of maternity leave, elaborating that maternity leave is essential for optimal infant development and that every child has the right to full development under Article 21. This ruling promoting women's rights, health, and well-being is vital in countries like India, which has a wide gender gap in the workforce. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Social trends Source : Published on : July 16, 2024 Gender equality, Women workforce, Maternal health, Early childhood development, Public health Optimizing heart health: New guidelines for lipid management Dyslipidemia, referred to as elevated total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein -cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides, and low High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes. In India, this condition is widespread, with a prevalence of 81%, with the urbans areas having a higher percentage. The Cardiological Society of India recommends Initiating lipid profile screenings at age 18, emphasizing non-fasting tests as the new standard practice. For individuals with existing heart conditions, achieving LDL-C levels below 30 mg/dL is advised, while those without such issues should target levels below 70 mg/dL. Measurement of Lipoprotein(a) levels is recommended at least once in a lifespan. These guidelines are tailored to address India's unique health challenges, including higher rates of low HDL and central obesity. They highlight the importance of lifestyle modification s such as reducing sugar intake, regular physical activity and cessation of tobacco and alcohol use. Pharmacological treatments, including statins and advanced drugs like PCSK9 inhibitors, are suggested for severe cases. Early detection, particularly among individuals with a family history or known risk factors, is crucial for effective management. The guidelines reflect a proactive approach to managing dyslipidemia in India , aligning strategies with local epidemiological data and health needs. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Mohammed Kashif Indian Heart Journal Source : Published on : July 16, 2024 Non-Communicable diseases, Cardiovascular diseases, LDL WHO report: Current trends and challenges in antibacterial agent development The World Health Organization's (WHO) latest report on antibacterial agents highlights an increase in the number of such agents from 80 in 2021 to 97 in 2023. However, despite this growth, there remains a critical need for innovative treatments to address the rising issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Only 12 of the 32 antibiotics currently in development are considered innovative, and just 4 of them target the so-called 'critical' pathogens. Non-traditional approaches, such as bacteriophages and microbiome-modulating agents, show promise but require further research and regulation. Since 2017, only 2 out of 13 new antibiotics have been classified as innovative. The preclinical pipeline remains active, with a focus on Gram-negative pathogens. Efforts must be made to ensure that any new treatments developed are accessible globally, particularly in low- and middle-income countries , in order to effectively combat the growing threat of AMR. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay WHO News Section Source : Published on : July 16, 2024 Antimicrobial Resistance, WHO Report, Antibiotics WHO report : Health and humanitarian crisis in Sudan Since April 2023, the conflict in Sudan has forcibly displaced 10 million individuals within the country and an additional 2 million to neighboring nations like Chad, South Sudan, Egypt, and the Central African Republic. Approximately 15 million people urgently require healthcare assistance , but only 26% of the necessary funding has been secured. Food insecurity plagues 7.6 million people , with 6.3 million facing emergency-level food shortages . Compounding the crisis are multiple disease outbreaks, including measles, cholera, malaria, dengue, and meningitis. The situation is dire, with over 3.6 million children and 1.2 million pregnant or breastfeeding women acutely malnourished , and a significant risk of famine in several regions. Operational efforts include enhanced disease surveillance, support for health facilities, and trauma rehabilitation. However, challenges persist due to restricted access, security issues, and supply chain disruptions, further exacerbated by the rainy season. Coordination among 49 partner organizations aims to provide essential services and address gender-based violence. Immediate action and increased support are crucial to mitigate this overwhelming humanitarian catastrophe. Click here to read more . Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay WHO News Section Source : Published on : July 16, 2024 WHO Report, Sudan Crisis, International Health News Are our period products safe? Metals from manufacturing or agricultural activities may be present in tampons; if absorbed by the vaginal tissue, this could result in systemic exposure. A study was recently conducted and published in the Environment International Journal to Assess the concentrations of 16 metal(loid)s in 30 tampons from 14 brands and 18 product lines and compare metal concentrations based on tampon characteristics. For this, 0.2-0.3 g from each tampon (60 samples) were microwave-acid digested, and Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure concentrations of arsenic, barium, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, manganese, mercury, lead, selenium, strontium, zinc, etc. As a result, elevated mean concentrations of lead (GM = 120 ng/g), cadmium (GM = 6.74 ng/g), and arsenic (GM = 2.56 ng/g) were found. All 16 metals were found in the tampons . This study has proved that Tampon use is a potential source of metal exposure. Therefore , further studies are needed to replicate findings and investigate if metals leach from tampons into the systemic circulation. The study underscores the potential public health risk of metal exposure from tampon use , highlighting the need for further investigation into metal leaching and systemic absorption to ensure menstrual product safety. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Environment International Journal Source : Published on : July 15, 2024 Menstrual hygiene, Tampons, Women safety Silent killer: Dirty stoves put India's infants at risk A study recently published in the Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, had the main research focus of estimating the impact of indoor air pollution from cooking fuel choice on under-five mortality in India. Indoor air pollution is the leading environmental factor behind mortality in India, accounting for about 40% of the 1.2 million deaths in 2017 (Global Burden of Disease 2017). For this, the researchers used Nationally representative data with identification through forest cover and agricultural land ownership. The Key Findings included: 1. Solid fuel use for cooking significantly increases child mortality rates . 2. The impact is mainly on neonatal mortality (first 28 days after birth). 3. The effect of mortality is higher on girls compared to boys . 4. The effect is magnified in smaller households with limited division of labor between childcare and cooking. 5. Biomass fuels (firewood, animal dung, agricultural waste) are the main contributors to increased child mortality. This study highlights the critical public health issue of indoor air pollution from biomass cooking fuels, emphasizing the urgent need for cleaner cooking alternatives to reduce child mortality, particularly neonatal deaths and gender disparities in health outcomes in India. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization Source : Published on : July 15, 2024 Indoor air pollution, Child mortality, Cooking fuel Worrying rise in kidney issues among Andhra Pradesh and Telangana children Chronic kidney disease (CKD), marked by a decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and increased urinary albumin excretion, is a significant public health problem affecting both adults and children. A study published in the BMC Pediatrics revealed that 29.6% of children and adolescents in Andhra Pradesh exhibit impaired kidney function (IKF) , while 19.2% face renal issues in Telangana. The study, which utilized data from the Comprehensive National Nutrition Survey (CNNS) 2016-18 , involved testing serum creatinine levels in 24,690 children aged 5-19. Living in southern regions of India was more likely to have impaired kidney function (IKF) than in northern regions (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 13.2; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.3–18.7). Certain regions in Telugu states, particularly Uddanam in Andhra Pradesh, have a history of high CKD rates. The exact cause of CKD in many Telangana and Andhra Pradesh areas remains unknown despite continuous research and speculation among health experts, including concerns about water pollution. Despite its increasing prevalence, CKD is yet to be focused in public health programs, highlighting the need for a national strategy focusing on pediatric CKD. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Mohammed Kashif BMC Pediatrics Journal Source : Published on : July 15, 2024 Chronic Kidney Disease, Non-Communicable Diseases The need to develop policies driven by data: An opinion piece The India Human Development Survey (IHDS) researchers published their monthly updates related to socioeconomic development in June 2024. It covers more than 40,000 households on multiple topics related to socio-economic development in India. The fieldwork for IHDS-3 was conducted in 2022-2024, and the results have yet to be published. Reflecting on the findings, Sonalde Desai, one of the lead researchers at IHDS, wrote an opinion article about poverty in India. The Human Consumption Expenditure Survey (HCES) places India’s poverty at 5%, while the IHDS calculates it at 8.5%. The difference in the estimates of poverty is due to differences in the methodologies used. As the economy grows, more rural and urban people are finding work. Chronic poverty is decreasing, but transient poverty is increasing. As the number of gig workers rises, so does the risk of fatal accidents and, as a result, a lack of social security. Social policies need to be developed to cover risk insurance. The Ayushman Bharat Yojana (PMJAY) is limited only to hospital admissions but a large amount of health expenditure is also borne by those who visit OPDs or are not admitted. For immediate cash needs, access to registries can be ensured by linking current residential addresses to bank accounts. She emphasizes the need for a shift in our focus from poverty estimate numbers to using the data to develop social policies. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala National Council of Applied Economic Research Source : Published on : July 15, 2024 Poverty, Social Policy, Public policy "Safai Apnao, Bimaari Bhagao" initiative: To mitigate health risks associated with the monsoon season Safai Apnao, Bimaari Bhagao aims to mitigate public health risks associated with the monsoon season, the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA ) is implementing the "Safai Apnao, Bimaari Bhagao" initiative under the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0. The key objectives of the campaign are: To achieve a visibly cleaner urban environment through intensified cleaning drives, waste management, and maintenance of sanitation infrastructure. To mitigate the spread of waterborne and vector-borne diseases , aligning with the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare's 'STOP Diarrhea Campaign.' To ensure a coordinated and comprehensive response between MoHUA, the Ministry of Health, and local urban bodies. To educate citizens on hygiene practices and the importance of maintaining a clean environment through public awareness campaigns SABB will be implemented from July 1st to August 31st, 2024, with key strategies including: Rapid assessments of high-risk areas Training for local communities and officials Water quality monitoring and provision of safe drinking water Advocacy and awareness-building campaigns. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Shayari Nag Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : July 15, 2024 Water Borne Diseases, Vector Borne Diseases, Swachh Bharat Mission "Catch the Rain" campaign: To improve water security The National Water Mission (NWM), Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation (DoWR), and Ministry of Jal Shakti organized a workshop-cum-orientation program in New Delhi for officials of the Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain—2024 campaign. The campaign aims to improve water security through rainwater harvesting and conservation efforts across India. The 2024 campaign focuses on 151 districts and has the theme "Nari Shakti se Jal Shakti," highlighting the importance of women's participation. The workshop focused on collaboration between government agencies, NGOs, and the public for successful campaign execution. The various strategies discussed included: Encouraging rainwater harvesting structures in urban and rural areas. Desilting water bodies and maintaining existing rainwater harvesting systems. Creating a District Waterbody Atlas to improve water management. Sharing best practices for spring ecosystem preservation and rainwater The campaign underscores the government's commitment to ensuring water security for all by adopting a proactive and participatory approach, leveraging technology, and highlighting the importance of traditional water conservation practices. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Shayari Nag Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : July 12, 2024 Water Conservation, Rainwater Harvesting, Public health Association between social connection and mental health issues: Research findings A study was conducted in the US to examine the association between loneliness and lack of social and emotional support , which are indicators of social disconnection, and mental health measures such as stress, mental distress and depression. It assessed the prevalence of these factors by demographic profiles such as sexual orientation and gender identity, using data from 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System( BRFSS). Weighted prevalence estimates for loneliness, lack of social and emotional support with 95% confidence interval were calculated , stratified by demographic variables. Overall prevalence estimates were 32.1% for loneliness and 24.1% for lack of social and emotional support. The adjusted prevalence ratios for stress, frequent mental distress (FMD), and history of depression (depression) among adults who reported loneliness were 3.61, 3.05, and 2.38 times as high , respectively, as were those among adults who did not. It offers evidence of the need for access to mental health and social services and addresses mental health outcomes related to loneliness and lack of social and emotional support. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Soundhar Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : July 12, 2024 Mental health, Loneliness, Noncommunicable diseases Innovative HIV testing: Outcomes of the together "TakeMeHome" mail distribution program The Together TakeMeHome (TTMH) program, launched by the CDC in March 2023, aimed to improve access to HIV testing by directly providing HIV self-tests (HIVSTs) to consumers through the mail . In its inaugural year, the TTMH program distributed 443,813 tests to 219,360 individuals. With significant outreach through LGBTQ+ dating apps , the program specifically targeted populations that HIV affects disproportionately, such as young people, cisgender men, and people who identify as Hispanic or Black. Of the individuals who participated in follow-up surveys, 88.3% reported using the HIVST themselves, and 27.1% shared it with others. Furthermore, 11.7% sought additional preventive services, and 1.9% reported new positive HIVST results. These findings suggest that distributing HIVSTs by mail can effectively increase HIV testing and connect individuals to preventive and care services. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : July 12, 2024 HIV, Research findings, Innovation Addressing disparities and barriers in opioid use disorder treatment: An overview A report highlighting the disparities and barries to treatment of opoid use disorder in 2022, was recently published. In 2022, only 25% of U.S. adults needing Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) treatment received recommended medications , while 30% received treatment without them. Disparities exist, with higher percentages of white adults receiving any OUD treatment compared to Black or Hispanic adults. Men and adults aged 35–49 were more likely to receive medications than women and other age groups. To improve public health outcomes, there is a need for increased communication about the effectiveness of OUD medications and for healthcare providers to offer evidence-based treatments, including medications. Barriers to medication access include clinician preferences, regulatory issues, and lack of availability in pharmacies. This report underscores the underuse of OUD medications and the demographic disparities in treatment, highlighting the need to address these challenges. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : July 12, 2024 CDC weekly report, , Opioid use disorder, International Health News WHO report: Status of multi-country outbreak of Mpox The recent WHO Mpox External Situation Report provides an overview of the global Mpox outbreak status. The report indicates that there have been 97,745 confirmed cases and 203 deaths across 116 countries worldwide, with South Africa experiencing a severe outbreak with a high case fatality rate. In May 2024 alone, there were 646 new cases and 15 deaths, primarily in the African, European, and American regions. However, the report acknowledges that underreporting , particularly in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), remains a significant challenge. The data shows that the majority of cases (96.4%) are male, predominantly within the 18-44 age group, with sexual contact being the primary mode of transmission . Common symptoms include a rash and fever, and the report highlights a notable 51.9% co-infection rate with HIV. In response, the WHO recommends targeted vaccination for high-risk group s and emphasizes the ongoing need for robust public health interventions and accurate reporting to manage the outbreak effectively. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay WHO News Section Source : Published on : July 12, 2024 WHO report, Mpox, International health, Outbreak Increasing rate of sexually transmitted infections in England: A 5% increase since 2023 The UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA ) analysis has shown that gonorrhea and syphilis diagnoses have increased by 7.5% and 9.4%, respectively, from the STI diagnosis and sexual health screens across England. When it comes to chlamydia, diagnoses were stable between 2022 and 2023, but there was a decrease in tests carried out in the later year. The increased popularity of dating apps might be one reason as it enables people to find sexual partners more easily than previous generations. This trend is not just limited to the UK only, but it is a global phenomenon. According to the analysis, a few STIs should have been eliminated, but due to a lack of funding and policies, they have not. One such example is congenital syphilis ; even after effective tests and treatment regimens, lack of routine screening leads to the continuation of mother-to-child transmission, which leads to devastating consequences. There is an urgent need to tackle this challenge to prevent such trends in the future. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Soundhar London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine Source : Published on : July 11, 2024 Sexual Health, Sexually transmitted diseases, Public health Mobile veterinary clinics bring livestock care to farmers' doorsteps in Yadgir Introduced in August 2020 by then-Chief Minister B.S. Yediyurappa, the Pashu Sanjivni scheme provides a mobile veterinary service accessible via toll-free number 1962 , ensuring prompt emergency treatment for livestock. In the Yadgir district, the initiative has proven highly effective , deploying eight dedicated vehicles. Each vehicle is staffed by a doctor, veterinary inspector, and D-group employee and delivers immediate care to livestock. The service operates seamlessly by forwarding call details from the 1962 Emergency Response Centre to the nearest mobile veterinary clinic. This efficient coordination ensures that the clinic promptly visits the animal owner's location for on-the-spot treatment, enhancing the scheme's convenience. The service is managed by a private agency and supervised by the Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Services Department and staffed by a dedicated veterinary team. However, it excludes surgical care for the animals. Dr. Raju Deshmukh, Deputy Director of the department, highlighted the scheme's benefits for farmers and urged them to utilize the helpline for their livestock's health needs. 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115-Headlines of the day (List) Public Health News Snippets 26-31st May 2025 Update: Southeast Asia Faces a Surge in COVID-19 Linked to JN.1 Subvariant COVID-19 cases rose in several Southeast Asian countries in April-May, driven by JN.1 subvariants (LF.7, NB.1.8), probably due to periodic waves and waning immunity. Authorities are monitoring the situation closely. Singapore: Between April 27 and May 3, fresh COVID-19 cases surged to 14,200, up from 11,100 in the preceding week. This marks the first time the nation’s government has released data on COVID-19 case numbers - an action usually undertaken only in concerning situations. Thailand: Reports a significant spike. Gatherings held for the Songkran festival may have contributed to enhanced transmission. Almost 70% of cases are associated with the JN.1 sub variants, followed by the previously dominant XEC variant accounts 49,065 new COVID-19 cases were reported between May 11-17. This number rose to almost 65,000 new cases between May 18 and 24. According to experts, the peak is yet to come. Hong Kong and Mainland China Also experienced an uptick in cases around mid-April and early May. According to surveillance data from May 3-10, Hong Kong’s Centre for Health Protection noted that COVID-19 positivity rates in respiratory samples hit a one-year high. On May 23, the authority reported early signs of slow down in transmission, but urged citizens to continue to stay vigilant. The China CDC also reported that test positivity rates more than doubled in these 5 weeks. China experienced a similar trend last summer. Taiwan: Cases surged by 88% during the week of May 11-17 compared to the prior week. The Taiwanese CDC predicts the cases to peak around mid-late June at about 55,000-60,000, which is half of what the country witnessed at the same time last year. India: No significant rise so far. Also witnessing a gradual increase. As of May 27, the country had 1010 active cases. Kerala accounts for a majority of cases followed by Maharashtra, Telangana, Delhi. Authorities are reviewing preparedness measures and are deploying additional resources to ensure the health systems’ ability to respond to the ongoing outbreak. Variants responsible for this outbreak: LF.7 and NB.1.8. Both have evolved from JN.1 —the variant used in developing the current COVID-19 vaccine formulation The XEC variant was previously dominant in the Southeast Asia region but is now being replaced by JN.1 descendants which are more transmissible. These variants are unlikely to be more lethal. Hospitalizations and deaths remain in line with expected rates for the current case numbers. Causes of rise in case numbers: Periodic waves of increase in case numbers, as is observed with most endemic respiratory diseases. Waning population immunity. Response across the region: Increased international, national and subnational surveillance. Efforts to increase immunization coverage. Test kits, Vaccine supplies and capacities of healthcare facilities are being enhanced. Notably, the Thai government has made provisions that allow its COVID-19 infected citizens to get free online consultations via three partner applications. Content Editor: Dr. Jahnvi Saboo PHC Editorial Bureau Source : Published on : May 29, 2025 COVID-19, Infectious disease outbreaks, Global Healt Cut in Global Aid Undermines India’s War Against Tuberculosis. India faces the highest tuberculosis (TB) burden globally , representing 26% of cases, with at least 2.8 million new cases and 325,000 deaths each year. Despite Health Minister Jagat Prakash Nadda's claim that India will eradicate TB by the end of this year , many public health experts remain doubtful. Recent cuts in funding from the United States have significantly affected India's TB elimination efforts. The U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) was a major contributor, providing over $140 million to the TB Mukt Bharat program and supporting initiatives like the "TB Buddy" system , which aided 5.1 million patients in four states (Karnataka, Telangana, Assam, and Bihar) with high TB rates. These programs were vital, especially for vulnerable groups, including around 360,000 children under five with latent TB infections, 5%–10% of whom are at risk of developing active TB. The halt of USAID's $400 million annual funding for global TB efforts, including the sudden end of 42 grants under the T uberculosis I mplementation F ramework A greement, presents a significant obstacle to India's TB elimination objectives. Content Editor: Dr. Sampriti Global Health Now Source : Published on : May 29, 2025 International Health News A Landmark Shift in Public Health as World Health Assembly Adopts First-Ever Global Pandemic Treaty. The first pandemic agreement was adopted on May 20, 2025 , following a vote by member states of the World Health Organisation (WHO ), with 124 in favor, none opposed, and 11 abstaining. The Intergovernmental Negotiation Body was set up in December 2021 to create the draft agreement. The agreement establishes key principles for enhanced international collaboration during pandemics. It aims to reinforce the global health infrastructure to better prevent, prepare for, and respond to future health emergencies. A major focus is on equitable and timely access to essential medical tools such as diagnostics, vaccines, and treatments . The treaty addresses disparities seen during the COVID-19 pandemic, where wealthier nations had an excess supply of vaccines while many faced shortages. The agreement tackles key issues such as intellectual property and pathogen sharing , establishing a benefit-sharing system and promoting stronger pandemic preparedness through the One Health approach . It seeks to build globally distributed research and development and manufacturing capacity , ensuring fair access to health tools, unlike during COVID-19, when production was limited to a few countries. National sovereignty is preserved as the WHO has no authority to override domestic laws or impose specific pandemic measures. Content Editor: Dr. Harshita World Health Organisation News Source : Published on : May 28, 2025 Pandemic preparedness, Treaty, WHO, Health system strengthening US FDA approves “Teal Wand,” A Self-Sampling Kit for Cervical Cancer Screening at Home In May 2024, a self-sampling kit named Teal Wand for cervical cancer screening was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA ). The kit enables women to collect cervical samples at home, which can be sent to a lab for testing. The kit has a 96% accuracy rate , which is comparable to a clinical test. It promises multiple advantages over conventional Pap smear and liquid-based cytology. Less painful Self-sampling can improve screening coverage Convenient, comfortable, and easy to use The device, which is a tube encasing a cytobrush with a piston, can be inserted via the vagina to the cervix to collect a sample. The kit also contains an instruction manual and a biohazard bag for keeping the sample. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that 70% of women undergo cervical cancer screening at least twice in their lifetime , but data shows two out of three women have never been screened at all. In LMICs like India, self-sampling kits might prove useful with strategic planning and generating awareness, especially among rural women. A similar kit by the name of Cervicheck (Pragmatech Healthcare Solutions) has been piloted in India, which showed similar accuracy. Content Editor: Dr. Harshita PHC Editorial Bureau Source : Published on : May 28, 2025 Cancer, screening tool, FDA CBSE Directs Schools to Set Up "Sugar Boards" to Combat Rising Diabetes in Children The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE ) has instructed its affiliated schools to set up “sugar boards ” aimed at monitoring and reducing sugar consumption among students. This initiative comes in response to growing concerns of increased incidence of Type 2 diabetes in children , a condition once largely seen in adults. CBSE has linked this trend to the widespread availability of sugary snacks, beverages, and processed foods in schools, which also contribute to rise in obesity, dental issues, and declining academic performance. The sugar boards will feature important information such as recommended daily sugar intake , sugar level in commonly used foods , health risks associated with high sugar consumption , and suggest healthier food alternatives . Additionally, schools have also been directed to organize awareness seminars and workshops , and to submit a brief report along with photographs by July 15. This initiative aligns with recommendation from the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR ) to foster healthier food environments within schools. Content Editor: Dr. Asma Aftab Central Board of Secondary Education Source : Published on : May 28, 2025 NCD, Childhood Diabetes, Nutrition AIIMS Raipur Pioneers the First Swap Kidney Transplant: A Milestone in Organ Transplantation in Chhattisgarh Salient Features: Swap transplants , also known as Kidney-Paired Transplants (KPT) , is a procedure that involves two renal failure patients with willing but medically incompatible donors to exchange or swap their donors with each other, allowing both the patients to receive compatible kidneys. NOTTO has advocated for nationwide implementation of this technique to expand the donor pool and has also called for a uniform "One Nation One Swap Transplant Programme " for facilitation of transplants across India. Currently, AIIMS Raipur has completed 54 successful kidney transplantation with 95% graft survival and 97% patient survival rates . The institute was also the first in the state to conduct the Pediatric Kidney Transplantation as well as the Deceased Donor Organ Donation. Content Editor: Dr. Jasmin Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Source : Published on : May 28, 2025 Organ Transplantation BHISHM Cube: AIIMS Rishikesh's Mobile Hospital Ready in 12 Minutes for Disaster Response All India Institute of Medical Sciences ,Rishikesh recently conducted a mock drill of the BHISHM Cube—Bharat Health Initiative for Sahyog, Hita and Maitri —a mobile hospital unit under P roject A arogya M aitri by the Government of India. Designed for rapid disaster response , the modular unit can treat up to 200 casualties and integrates artificial intelligence, point-of-care testing (POCT ) and data analytics for real-time monitoring and management. During the drill, the BHISHM Cube was successfully deployed within twelve minutes, demonstrating its preparedness to provide efficient medical care during emergencies. Rapid mobile hospitals could have a great impact in disaster relief across India and developing nations. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika PHC Editorial Bureau Source : Published on : May 28, 2025 Disaster Response, Mobile Hospitals The Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities (DEPwD) Marks World Thalassemia Day with Nationwide Awareness Campaigns The D epartment of E mpowerment of P ersons w ith D isabilities observed World Thalassemia Day across India on 8 May with the theme, “Together for Thalassemia: Uniting Communities, Prioritizing Patients.” Thalassemia, an inherited disorder causing chronic anaemia, was the focus of educational and support initiatives. The N ational I nstitute for L ocomotor D isabilities, Kolkata, organized sessions on the disease’s causes, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. S wami V ivekanand N ational I nstitute, Cuttack, conducted lectures on early detection and care. C omposite R egional C entres nationwide hosted activities—Jaipur discussed government schemes; Davanagere offered genetic counselling; Nagpur held a webinar; and Rajnandgaon organized a blood donation camp with the Red Cross. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : May 24, 2025 Thalassemia awareness, Community support India Leads Traditional Medicine Integration on Global Stage At the Sixth Meeting of the G roup of F riends of T raditional M edicine (GFTM ) in Geneva, India strongly advocated for the global advancement of evidence-based traditional medicine . Vaidya Rajesh Kotecha , Secretary, Ministry of AYUSH emphasized its vital contribution to Universal Health Coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), particularly SDG 3 : ‘Good Health and Well-being’ , and SDG 17: ‘Partnerships for the Goals’. Key Takeaways The GFTM , initiated by India, serves as a key platform for member states to integrate traditional medicine into national health systems. India showcased its initiatives and commitment through national missions, research, insurance coverage, and the application of modern technologies, including Artificial Intelligence (AI), genomics, and bioinformatics, in traditional practices. A high-level GFTM event is scheduled for May 23, 2025, at the UN Palais des Nations in Geneva , during the 78th World Health Assembly (WHA78 ), to further promote this integration and advocacy. Content Editor: Dr. Shayari Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : May 24, 2025 AYUSH, Traditional Medicine National Push for Enhanced Healthcare Resilience Against Fire & Disasters Union Health Minister Mr. JP Nadda inaugurated the 2nd National Workshop on ‘Health Sector Disaster Preparedness and Response’ and ‘Fire Safety in Healthcare Facilities’. He emphasised the urgent need for improved capacity building and awareness across all levels of the healthcare delivery system. Key Takeaways: All healthcare personnel, in both public and private sectors, require robust and comprehensive training for disaster response. Mr. Nadda highlighted the necessity of regular fire safety audits to prevent incidents. He warned that insensitivity towards preparedness can lead to carelessness and devastating "sparks of disaster.” An iGOT (I ntegrated G overnment O nline T raining) e-learning course on ‘Fire Safety in Healthcare Facilities’ was launched on the iGOT Karmayogi platform (igotkarmayogi.gov.in) , which is the dedicated portal for online training for government employees. The workshop aims to develop actionable strategies for more resilient healthcare services nationwide. Content Editor: Dr. Shayari Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : May 24, 2025 Fire Safety and Disaster Preparedness UNICEF’s Innocenti Report Card 19 on child wellbeing There are three dimensions with two components each: Mental wellbeing: Life satisfaction Adolescent suicide Physical health: Child mortality Overweight Skills: Academic proficiency Social skills Report: Child mortality has decreased in most of the countries. Social skills are stable relatively. A mixed trend of adolescent suicide rate. Remaining three indicators—life satisfaction, overweight and academic skills show a declining trend in most of the countries. The top three countries are Netherlands, Denmark and France. The bottom eight countries show declining trend in atleast two of the three dimensions. Japan is the only country where the life satisfaction of children has increased from 2018 to 2022. The rates of overweight and obesity improved only in Italy and Portugal. Way Forward: Prioritising policies and interventions which focus on the child’s overall development through: Specialist services, parenting programmes, and social and emotional learning at schools to improve the mental well-being of children. Promotion of healthier food ecosystems and physical activity and policies on environmental protection to bring improvement in overall physical health. Special focus on learning and enabling environments for skill development. Measures to mitigate future shocks. Placing decisions of children’s wellbeing in their own hands to better understand them and to find solutions. Holistic approach on all the dimensions of a child’s life. Content Editor: Dr. Smruthi UNICEF press release Source : Published on : May 24, 2025 Child’s health, Reports, International health A Multi-Country Survey on Anti-Microbial Resistance to Understand General Physicians’ Practices in Antibiotic Use. A cross-sectional survey of 9249 general physicians (GPs) from nine low- and middle-income countries (LMICs )was conducted by researchers from Global Medical Affairs , to study their antibiotic prescribing practices and attitudes towards antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Findings of the study : Of the participants, 62% agreed to the fact that AMR is a concerning issue in their country, and 63% said prescribing antibiotics in primary care leads to AMR. Challenges perceived : Around 38% of the GPs found it challenging in prescribing antibiotics to children. Ninety-five percent of the GPs said that choosing antibiotics for pregnant women and patients with comorbidities is challenging. Difficulty in correlating the data on antibiotic susceptibility with antibiotic choices. Little information is available on the availability of drugs. Unavailability of appropriate antibiotics. Lack of regular training. Factors leading to the usage of broad-spectrum antibiotics: Practioners belief that they are more effective than narrow-spectrum antibiotics in treating infections. Pressure from patients to prescribe antibiotics. The tendency to self-medicate. Non-compliance with the prescribed treatment. Ninety percent of GPs agreed that they need regular training on antibiotic prescription Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Smruthi CIDRAP, Global public health journal Source : Published on : May 24, 2025 Antimicrobial resistance, Primary health care ,Research findings First Personalised CRISPR-based Successful gene-editing Therapy in an Infant The first successful gene-editing therapy promises an optimistic future for children diagnosed with genetic disorders. CRISPR , short for C lustered R egularly I nterspaced S hort P alindromic R epeats, is a gene-editing technology that helps scientists to modify DNA selectively. KJ Muldoon, the name of the first infant to receive such a therapy, was diagnosed with CPS-1 deficiency after experiencing lethargy and difficulty in breathing. Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase - 1 (CPS-1) deficiency is a urea cycle disorder that leads to high ammonia levels in the body due to a lack of the CPS-1 enzyme that converts ammonia to urea. Complications include multiple organ damage due to accumulation of ammonia, such as liver damage requiring a transplant, irreversible brain injury, and death, with mortality as high as 50%. The children usually do not survive long enough to receive the transplant. CRISPR-based scissors can precisely scan through the genetic code and pinpoint the exact error and correct it. Animal testing was conducted prior to the human experiment, for which researchers took FDA approval. Baby Muldoon received 3 doses of infusion in February, March, and April, which led to a decrease in doses of medicine and ammonia levels, helping baby Muldoon gain weight. The infant suffered two viral infections, vomiting and diarrhea post-infusion, but without causing a shoot-up in his ammonia levels. There were no serious side effects reported. Parents were relieved as medicine doses were halved with an increase in proteins in his diet, leading to weight gain. These therapies hold great promise for future generations , offering hope to parents of affected children through the potential of gene therapy, but more research is needed to know if they can be widely applied. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Harshita Nature Journal Source : Published on : May 23, 2025 Gene-editing therapy, genetic disorder Consumption of antioxidant nutrients, fruits and vegetables linked to mitigation of impact of air pollution caused acute respiratory infections and anemia A recent study conducted by researchers in India and the USA, used geocoded data from the National Family Health Survey - 4 (NFHS-4) and the 68th round of the National Sample Survey (NSS) to assess the mitigatory impacts, if any, of micronutrients and fruits and vegetable consumption on Acute Respiratory Infections (ARIs) and anemia caused by PM2.5 pollution . Data collected from the two surveys using geocoded data about the status of ARIs and anemia in children along with the amount of micronutrients consumed by the children and fruits and vegetables eaten by them, was used to retrospectively analyse the protective effect of this diet. Individual level confounders like sex of the child, mother's education level etc. and household level confounders like socioeconomic status, type of cooking fuel, household size etc. were adjusted for. The data showed that for children between 6 - 59 months, 208,782 had valid ARI information while 197,289 had valid Hb estimation status. Out of these, the prevalence of ARIs and anemia was 2.8% and 57.6%, respectively. The results showed that consumption of selenium, vitamin D and vitamin C showed a significant reduction in the effect of PM2.5 on ARI prevalence whereas all six micronutrients (Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Zinc, Selenium, Vitamin B12) showed a protective effect for anemia caused by increased PM2.5 exposure . Meanwhile, increased consumption of fruits and vegetables also showed a potential protective effect as the primary source of these nutrients in the diet. Thus, the researchers proposed that the study shows the health benefits of a healthy diet and can influence policy makers to focus on promoting a healthy, balanced diet rich in diverse fruits and vegetables. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Frontiers in Public Health Journal Source : Published on : May 23, 2025 Nutrition, Respiratory Infections, Air Pollution, Anemia World Health Statistics 2025 shows Stalled Progress and Increasing Risks The World Health Statistics 2025 report highlights the profound setbacks that COVID-19 inflicted on global health . Between 2019 and 2021, life expectancy plunged by 1.8 years, the steepest drop in decades, while healthy life expectancy fell by six weeks due to rising mental health disorders, reversing earlier progress against noncommunicable diseases. Progress toward Triple Billion targets remains mixed. By 2024, 1.4 billion more people achieved healthier lives through reduced tobacco use, cleaner air, and improved water/sanitation (WASH ). 431 million people accessed universal health coverage without facing financial hardship, while 637 million achieved enhanced protection against health emergencies. Maternal and under-5 mortality reductions have stagnated , risking 700,000 additional maternal and 8 million child deaths by 2030. A projected shortfall of 11.1 million health workers , concentrated in Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean, undermines essential healthcare recovery. Noncommunicable diseases dominate premature deaths under age 70. While strides in HIV, TB, and neglected tropical diseases continue, resurgent malaria, declining childhood immunization, and antimicrobial resistance threaten gains. Funding gaps risk reversing progress. WHO urges immediate and ongoing funding, strengthened health information systems through its SCORE initiative , and international cooperation to revive progress, avert new emergencies, and meet the 2030 health targets. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay World Health Organisation Source : Published on : May 23, 2025 International Health News, Covid 19, World health statistics Interim Assessment ahead of World Health Assembly: WHO Achievements 2024 The WHO Results Report 2024 , released prior to the 78th World Health Assembly (May 19–27, 2025), evaluates midterm progress under the 2024–2025 budget and Thirteenth General Programme of Work (2019–2025). Despite funding challenges, WHO advances its “Triple Billion” targets across 150+ countries. Universal Health Coverage : 431 million more people access affordable care, aided by stronger health workforces, broader HIV therapy, and contraceptive access. Immunization gaps and out-of-pocket costs remain hurdles. Health Emergency Protection : Enhanced readiness and monitoring systems, coupled with fairer distribution of health tools and updates to International Health Regulations, benefit 637 million more people. However, H5N1 responses and future pandemics face funding risks; a pandemic accord draft will be debated. Healthier Populations : WHO surpassed targets, with 1.4 billion more people healthier due to reduced tobacco use, cleaner air/fuels, and better WASH services. Rising obesity and alcohol misuse challenge gains. Key milestones: eliminating neglected tropical diseases in 7 nations, expanding mental health access to 70 million, vaccinating 500,000 Gaza children against polio, and distributing 259,000 mpox tests in Africa. Digital health tools now serve 2 billion with e-records. Over $1.7 billion pledged by 71 donors supports future efforts. The report highlights WHO’s commitment to efficient, accountable, evidence-based impact. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay World Health Organisation Source : Published on : May 23, 2025 International Health News, WHO report, World Health Assembly Man vs Venom: Antivenom Created from Snakebite Survivor’s Blood Scientists at Centivax , led by Dr. Jacob Glanville , developed a broad-spectrum antivenom using antibodies from Timothy Friede, who self-injected venom from 16 deadly snakes over 18 years. Combining two of Friede’s antibodies with varespladib , a toxin-inhibiting drug, the cocktail fully protected mice against 13 of 19 WHO-listed venomous snakes and partially against six others. The antibodies target conserved toxin sites, enabling broad neutralization. Plans include testing in dogs and developing antivenoms for vipers. This approach could replace species-specific treatments, simplify stockpiling, and address antivenom shortages, especially in rural areas. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika PHC Editorial Bureau Source : Published on : May 23, 2025 Antivenom, snake bite Union Health Minister Reviews Nationwide Emergency Health Preparedness Union Health Minister J. P. Nadda chaired a high-level meeting to review emergency health preparedness. Reviewed readiness of ambulances, medical supplies, Intensive Care Units, High Dependency Units, and hospital beds. B harat H ealth I nitiative for S ahyog H ita and M aitri Cubes, manufactured by HLL Lifecare Limited under Project Aarogya Maitri , were included. Each Cube costs about 1.5 crore rupees and has been gifted to Ukraine and used during the Maha Kumbh Mela. Hospitals instructed to stock essential medicines, oxygen, blood, trauma kits. National institutes mobilised teams and training and mock drills were launched. A 24×7 control room is monitoring nationwide efforts. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : May 22, 2025 Emergency Health, Disaster Preparedness India deploys indigenous portable hospitals to border areas in view of Operation Sindoor As a part of the health preparedness efforts under Operation Sindoor , indigenously designed portable hospitals, the BHISHM (Bharat Health Initiative for Sahyog Hita & Maitri) cubes were delivered to key areas at the India-Pakistan Border. This undertaking is a part of the Aarogya Maitri initiative to provide humanitarian relief through support and medical aid to other countries during disaster situations. The project has deployed these cubes during the Maha Kumbh where they treated a patient with cardiac arrest and were even provided to Ukraine on a pro-bono basis during the Russia Ukraine conflict. Under the BHISHM program, portable hospitals contained within 72 portable cubes , with each cube containing various medical equipment like surgical instruments, transfusion equipment etc. were made that contain Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tagged equipment that can be rapidly deployed in different areas and set up within 12 minutes to cater to mass casualty events. These portable hospitals have the ability to function as operation theatres and even collect blood from local donors to cater to transfusion needs in an emergency situation. A team from HLL Lifecare Limited delivered these cubes to Jammu, Rishikesh, Bhatinda, Kolkata and Shillong and even trained local healthcare staff to use these facilities. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : May 22, 2025 Medical Technology, Humanitarian and Disaster Relief, Emergency Preparedness From Outbreaks to Endemic - How Aedes albopictus is bringing Dengue and Chikungunya to Europe A recent Time-to-event analysis on the establishment of Aedes albopictus and Dengue and Chikungunya found that these tropical diseases may soon become endemic in the European region . Key drivers: Rising temperatures, increased trade and travel, urbanization. Outbreaks in this region occur due to importing of cases followed by autochthonous aedes-borne transmission . Case numbers have increased exponentially - 304 cases of Dengue occurred in 2024 alone, compared to a total of 275 cases in the previous 15 years. A majority of cases have occurred in urban, southern parts of Europe, during the summer. These trends highlight the need for stricter vector control , enhanced entomological and disease surveillance , early case detection systems etc. Content Editor: Dr. Jahnvi The Lancet Planetary Health Journal Source : Published on : May 22, 2025 Infectious disease outbreaks, Vector-borne disease, Global Health, Dengue, Chikungunya Social Injustice and Health: A Global Call for Urgent Action A recent global report by the World Health Organization (WHO ), as reported by CIDRAP (May 9, 2025), has highlighted the severe impact of social injustice on public health , stating that it is responsible for widespread mortality. The report reveals significant disparities in life expectancy, with individuals in the poorest countries living 33 years less than those in wealthier nations. Furthermore, children in low-income countries face a mortality rate 13 times higher before the age of five compared to their counterparts in more affluent regions. Although there has been a global decline in under-five and maternal mortality since 2000, these disparities persist. The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated these inequities by creating unequal access to healthcare and increasing sovereign debt. The report emphasizes that social determinants , such as living and working conditions, are the primary drivers of these preventable health disparities and presents 14 key global recommendations for reform. The report highlights four key areas of focus: Tackling economic inequality by investing in social infrastructure and universal public services, Addressing structural discrimination , Navigating the challenges and opportunities of climate change and digital transformation to systematically advance health equity, and Establishing governance frameworks to enhance the coherence and impact of actions. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sampriti CIDRAP Source : Published on : May 22, 2025 International Health news Nigeria’s fight against malaria faces a funding crisis At Alegongo Primary Health Centre in Ibadan, Nigeria free rapid malaria tests, artemisinin-based treatments, and insecticide-treated nets have helped control the disease for local families. However, Nigeria still represented 26% of global malaria cases (over 260 million) and more than 30% of malaria-related deaths (nearly 600,000) in 2023. Through the WHO’s High Burden to High Impact program , malaria deaths dropped by 13% between 2017 and 2023. Initiatives supported by USAID such as the P resident’s M alaria I nitiative and J ohns H opkins’ C entre for C ommunication P rogramme ensured the distribution of millions of nets and medications until March 2025, when sudden US funding cuts disrupted shipments and stopped essential surveys on net ownership, diagnostic use, and infection rates. Now, clinics are at risk of running out of rapid test kits, ACTs, and injectable artesunate as trained workers lose their jobs and logistical support disappears. Experts caution that without new funding, prevention and monitoring systems could collapse by the end of summer, undoing years of progress. Researchers recommend investing in local net manufacturing and community-driven disease tracking to create long-term resilience independent of foreign aid. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Global health now Source : Published on : May 22, 2025 International Health News, Malaria New Antibiotic Molecule Shows Promise Against Drug-resistant Bacteria Researchers at McMaster’s University in Hamilton, Canada discovered a new antibiotic molecule, called lariocidin , which was isolated from soil samples collected from the university’s backyard and cultured for a year. The molecule was isolated from Paenibacillus spp . bacteria and belongs to a class of peptides called lasso peptides due to their knot-like shape. The molecule targeted the A-site in the 30s ribosomal subunit , which led to an interruption of the translation process and miscoding within the pathogenic bacteria. The molecule showed broad spectrum action against gram positive , gram negative and mycobacterial specimens even with species shown to be resistant to other antibiotics. This was attributed to the unique shape of the peptides and the new binding site which was not used by other antibiotics. Further, no cytotoxicity was noticed towards eukaryotic cells in in-vivo experiments, thus showing signs of not being toxic to humans. Animal experiments showed promising action towards a wide spectrum of bacteria and raised hopes of a new, powerful antibiotic. Researchers will now try to work on synthesising a functional antibiotic from the molecule. Content Editor: Dr Manu Nature Journal Source : Published on : May 19, 2025 Antimicrobial Resistance, Antibiotics, Medical Research Regulatory Update: India Bans Tapentadol-Carisoprodol Combination Export and Manufacturing The D rugs C ontroller G eneral of I ndia (DCGI ) has revoked manufacturing and export permissions for tapentadol (opioid painkiller) and carisoprodol (muscle relaxant) combinations. While both drugs are individually approved by the Central Drugs Standard Control Organisation (CDSCO ), their combination has never been authorised in India. A BBC report highlighted their high abuse potential and widespread misuse in West Africa. Though not listed under the N arcotic D rugs and P sychotropic S ubstances (NDPS ) Act, their unregulated export has fueled an opioid crisis. To curb illegal supply and protect public health , India has banned their production and export , reinforcing stricter pharmaceutical regulations and preventing further misuse. Content Editor: Dr M Kasif Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : May 19, 2025 Export Ban, Drug Abuse, Combination drugs, Opioids Mysterious Illness Sparks Public Health Crisis in Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Health workers in the DRC have reported a mysterious illness that has killed over 50 people in five weeks. The outbreak, linked to children who ate a bat, has spread across Équateur province. By March 4, around 1,300 cases and 50 deaths were recorded in Bomate and Boloko villages. Symptoms like fever, vomiting, and internal bleeding have led to deaths within 48 hours. The WHO ruled out Ebola and Marburg but is investigating malaria, food poisoning, typhoid, meningitis, and viral fevers. Limited health infrastructure hampers containment measures. With no confirmed links between clusters, urgent action is needed to prevent further spread. Content Editor: Dr M Kasif The Guardian Source : Published on : May 19, 2025 One health, Outbreak Investigation, Disease Surveillance United State Department of Agriculture (USDA) detects H7N9 avian influenza outbreak in poultry The A nimal and P lant H ealth I nspection S ervice (APHIS) under the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) announced the detection of an outbreak of the highly pathogenic H7N9 strain of avian influenza (HPAI) among broiler chicken breeder flock in a farm in Mississippi. This is the first such outbreak of HPAI since 2017 , as opposed to outbreaks in recent years of the H7 strain of Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (LPAI). It is a fully North American (AM) virus of wild bird origin and indicates a spillover from wild birds. The flock was experiencing high mortality for which samples were tested at the Mississippi Veterinary Research and Diagnostic Laboratory and confirmed as HPAI at APHIS’ National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) . As a part of the response plan, federal and state partners will test nearby flocks, while the USDA will report this to the World Organisation of Animal Health (WOAH) and international trading partners. The US Centres for Disease Control (CDC) advised that there is a low risk of infectivity with this strain and to properly handle and cook the meat and eggs from poultry before consumption. Content Editor: Dr Manu Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, United States Department of Agriculture Source : Published on : May 19, 2025 Surveillance, Zoonotic Infections, Avian Influenza Ethical Concern Arises as Toronto Gynaecologist Investigated for Improper Sterilisation Practices The Toronto Public Health Services sent a letter to patients of a gynaecologist, Dr. Esther Park’s Clinic in view of a breach of proper surgical tool sterilisation procedures which could lead to a risk of blood borne infections. Patients who underwent endocervical polyp excision, endometrial biopsy and/or an intrauterine device removal/insertion were requested to reach out to a registered medical provider for Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and HIV/AIDS testing . The improper cleaning of surgical tools and failure to properly sterilise instruments could lead to a low risk of infection. Thus, patients were advised to get tested on a precautionary basis Dr. Park has been under investigation previously by the College of Physicians and Surgeons in Ontario in relation to the ‘care of a patient’ and her licence has been restricted since December 2024. Her clinic’s answering machine states that she will not be accepting new patients and is retiring. The clinic is scheduled to close in April 2025. Content Editor: Dr Manu Toronto Public Health Services Source : Published on : May 19, 2025 Sterilisation, Blood Borne Infections, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis B, Medical Ethics Tobacco Control in India: Progress, Challenges and Future Directions The G lobal A dult T obacco S urvey, India 2016-17 highlights reduced secondhand smoke exposure, improved air quality, and less cigarette waste, benefiting vulnerable groups. However, experts stress that reducing public smoking alone is insufficient without stronger enforcement and awareness. Despite legal measures, the R eport on T obacco C ontrol in India 2022 reveals inconsistent enforcement, with cigarette shops displaying smoking triggers and QR-code complaints indicating frequent violations. Weak enforcement sustains tobacco use and poses long-term health risks. Experts warn that smoking, combined with genetics, diet and history of tobacco use, greatly increases cancer risk . Modern cigarettes may contain new carcinogens, worsening health despite reduced smoking rates. Stronger enforcement, continuous awareness and stricter regulations are crucial to making India's smoking ban truly effective in protecting health and the environment. Content Editor: Dr M Kasif Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : May 19, 2025 Tobacco control, Air pollution, Secondhand smoke Chinese scientists identify a new coronavirus strain in bats, similar to Covid-19 A study conducted by the Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety at the Wuhan Institute of Virology in China detected a strain of coronavirus named HKU5-CoV lineage 2 in bats . It belongs to the same group as the MERS-related coronavirus species of virus responsible for the Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) outbreak. The new virus detected was found to bind with human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors with a HKU5-CoV-2 receptor binding domain (RBD) and human ACE2 complex visualised by electron microscopy. This was a better adaptation as expressed by lineage 1 of the HKU5-CoV virus. Though the potential human spillover potential needs to be examined, the study underlines a strong mechanism for human infections and underlines the potential zoonotic risk for the organism. Content Editor: Dr Manu The Cell Journal Source : Published on : March 18, 2025 Coronavirus, Pandemic, Virology, Surveillance ICMR unveils findings on cancer incidence in India post-GLOBOCAN 2022 report A comprehensive-retrospective, cross-sectional study conducted by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) recently released its findings on the cancer incidence rates in India based on the 2022 report by the Global Cancer Observatory (GLOBOCAN) . Following are the salient findings - India lies third in the Southeast Asian region in terms of cancer incidence and third in absolute numbers incidence globally after the USA and China with the numbers to increase in the coming years as India undergoes a demographic shift with an increase in the middle-aged and geriatric population. The middle-aged and geriatric age groups account for the highest burden of cancer incidence and mortality with the minimum being in children and reproductive age cohorts. Meanwhile, cancer-related mortalities are expected to rise quicker in women than in men (1.2%-4.4% vs 1.2%-2.4% annual per cent change) The highest burden among women was caused by breast cancer (13.8%), followed by oral (10.3%) and cervical cancer (9.2%) . Meanwhile, among men , oral cancer (13%) had the highest burden, followed by respiratory (11.6%) and esophageal cancer (6.7%) . In light of these findings, the authors advise building a strong framework to support screening, diagnosis and treatment of this rising burden of cancers in the coming years that threatens to overwhelm the healthcare sector. Content Editor: Dr Manu The Lancet Regional Health Southeast Asia Source : Published on : March 18, 2025 Cancer, Mortality Rate, GLOBOCAN report, ICMR WHO designates a Collaborating Centre on artificial intelligence (AI) The World Health Organization (WHO ) acknowledges the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in various aspects of healthcare , including research, diagnosis, drug discovery, outbreak preparedness, clinical applications, and electronic health records. Committed to harnessing AI for innovation, equity, and ethical integrity, WHO has strengthened its collaboration with the D igital E thics C entre at the Delft University of Technology by designating it as a “Collaborating Centre on AI for Health Governance .” This Centre will support the WHO in developing guidelines and policies to promote the responsible and ethical use of AI in healthcare. Additionally, it will contribute to AI research in the health sector and provide expert insights to WHO. To facilitate the effective implementation of AI-related guidelines at the national level, the Digital Ethics Centre and its partners have established the “Responsible and Ethical AI for Healthcare Lab. ” Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala WHO news release Source : Published on : March 12, 2025 Artificial Intelligence, WHO, Ethics Second Ebola Death in Uganda Sparks Concerns over Surveillance and Containment A 4-year-old boy became the second Ebola fatality in Uganda, which is raising concerns regarding the containment of the outbreak. The boy passed away on February 25, 2025, in Kampala, after he was hospitalized, WHO reports. The first Ebola casualty was a male nurse who visited several facilities for treatment before passing away on January 30, 2025. Ugandan health authorities had been optimistic that the outbreak was subsiding following eight patients' recovery, but the new fatality undermines such optimism. Contact tracing continues to be crucial, particularly since no vaccines are approved for the Sudan strain of Ebola. More than 20,000 passengers are screened each day for Ebola at border crossings in Uganda, with WHO giving $3 million in assistance. Funding worries are raised because the U.S. government cancelled 60% of USAID contracts, affecting local public health initiatives. USAID contract funding of $27 million for Ebola surveillance was canceled, leaving 85 full-time workers affected. Uganda has previously experienced Ebola outbreaks, once in the year 2000 when an outbreak resulted in hundreds of deaths and again in 2022 that resulted in 55 deaths. Ebola is transmitted through body fluids and is thought to be caused by contact with infected animals or the consumption of raw meat. Other East African nations, Tanzania and Rwanda, have recently experienced outbreaks of similar hemorrhagic fevers such as Marburg. Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi PHC Editorial Bureau Source : Published on : March 11, 2025 Ebola, International health, Re-emerging diseases Strengthening Food Safety: National Consultation on Pesticide Residue Monitoring Union Minister Shri Prataprao Jadhav inaugurated the National Stakeholder Consultation on Pesticide Residues and emphasized the need for stricter monitoring and sustainable agricultural practices. The consultation, organized by FSSAI, focused on pesticide risks, regulatory challenges, and food safety . Discussions highlighted sustainable alternatives, such as bio-pesticides and Integrated Pest Management (IPM). Officials stressed the importance of robust surveillance and regulatory enforcement. They also emphasized the need to harmonize India’s M aximum R esidue L imits (MRLs ) with global standards. Enhancing farmer education and implementing digital traceability solutions were key priorities. It also focused on aligning with global food safety standards and promoting sustainable agriculture. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika Press Information Bureau, India Source : Published on : March 11, 2025 Food safety, monitoring, sustainable agriculture India’s Multi-Pronged Push for Cancer Care India is intensifying its fight against cancer with a focus on prevention, affordable treatment, and innovation. With over 14 lakh new cases reported in 2023, the government has rolled out robust policies, budget allocations, and global partnerships to strengthen oncology infrastructure and ensure equitable access to care. Key Highlights Budget Boost: ₹99,858.56 crore allocated for health, including 200 Day Care Cancer Centres and customs duty exemptions on 36 lifesaving drugs. Infrastructure Expansion: 19 State Cancer Institutes, 20 Tertiary Care Centres, and 770 District NCD (Non Communicable Disease) Clinics established under NP-NCD (N ational P rogramme for P revention and C ontrol of N on C ommunicable D iseases) for early detection of oral, breast, and cervical cancers. Financial Aid: Ayushman Bharat covers chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgeries, while HMCPF provides up to ₹15 lakh for BPL patients. Innovation: Launch of NexCAR19 , India’s first indigenous CAR-T (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T) cell therapy, and the Q uad C ancer M oonshot initiative to eliminate cervical cancer . Awareness: National campaigns like Eat Right India and Fit India promote healthy lifestyles, while Ayushman Aarogya Mandirs drive grassroots awareness. India’s cancer care framework integrates policy, finance, and innovation, yet challenges in rural access and early detection persist. Sustained efforts aim to build an inclusive, cancer-free future. Content Editor: Dr. Shayari Press Information Bureau, India Source : Published on : March 11, 2025 Non-Communicable Disease, Cancer Care Bihar Sets Benchmark with Innovative Initiatives Under Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Bihar is driving transformative change under the B eti B achao B eti P adhao (BBBP ) scheme, implementing groundbreaking initiatives to promote gender equality and empower girls . These efforts are now being recognized as "Best Practices." Key Initiatives: Kishanganj – Sports for Empowerment: Over 500 girls participated in a multi-sport event featuring Kabaddi, Badminton, and Athletics. Led by the District Magistrate and local officials, the initiative emphasized academic and athletic excellence, while awareness drives highlighted government schemes for girls. Araria – Tackling School Dropouts: Adolescent groups under the M ahadalit V ikas M ission launched a door-to-door campaign, successfully re-enrolling 21 girls in school. This model, now expanded district-wide, aims to bridge gender gaps in education. Nawada – Skill Development for Marginalized Girls: A pilot program under the B ihar S kill D evelopment M ission enabled five Mahadalit girls to enroll in Emergency Medical Technician training—a first in their communities. Parental counseling and exposure visits played a key role in encouraging participation. By addressing systemic barriers and fostering community-driven solutions, Bihar’s BBBP initiatives are setting a statewide blueprint for women’s empowerment and gender equality. Content Editor: Dr. Shayari Press Information Bureau, India Source : Published on : March 11, 2025 Women Empowerment Karnataka to allow terminally ill patients the right to die with dignity On 30th January 2025, Karnataka became the second state in India , after Kerala, to implement the Supreme Court’s order to allow terminally ill patients the right to die with dignity by withdrawing or withholding life-sustaining treatment . This will help those with no hope of recovery or those who are in a persistent vegetative state and where the patient no longer benefits from life-sustaining treatment. Background- On January 24, 2023, the Supreme Court, in its judgment, said the right to life guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution encompassed the right to die with dignity. The salient points of this order are as follows - A patient can make an advanced directive or living will stating the kind of treatment they wish to receive and avoid. They can also nominate two people to make decisions on their behalf if they are incapacitated. Of such patients, those patients who are terminally ill and undergoing prolonged medical treatment with no hope of recovery and no decision-making capacity can have their life-supporting treatment withheld or withdrawn after the following conditions are fulfilled - The decision has to be certified by two medical boards (primary and secondary) formed at the treating hospital: The first board will comprise three registered medical practitioners (RMPs), which can be a neurologist, neurosurgeon, surgeon, and anesthetist or intensivist approved by an appropriate authority. The second board will comprise an RMP nominated by the District Health Officer -They will take the decision after obtaining consent from the patient’s next of kin or the person(s) mentioned in the advanced directive. Two copies of the decision will be sent to the Judicial Magistrate of First Class (JFMC) , who will then send a copy to the Registrar of the High Court for the record. Content Editor: Dr Manu Karnataka Government, Health Department Circular Source : Published on : March 7, 2025 Euthanasia, Living Will, Right to Life and Personal Liberty, Right to Dignity Daily News Snippets Monthly Archives 01-10 February, 2024 View More 14-20 January, 2024 View More 19-25th November, 2024 (26) View More 23-31stOctober, 2023 (18) View More 28-31 January, 2024 View More 7-13 January, 2024 View More 5-11th November, 2023 (5) View More 15-21st October, 2023 (12) View More 21-27 January, 2024 View More 26-30th November, 2024 (20) View More 01-04th November, 2023(4) View More 08-14th October, 2023 (5) View More 24-30th September, 2023 (5) View More 01-09th September, 2023 (11) View More 13 - 19 th August , 2024 (5) View More 23-31st July, 2023 (28) View More 17-23rd September, 2023 (10) View More 27-31st August, 2024 (16) View More 6-12th August, 2024 (16) View More 16-22nd July, 2023 (9) View More 10-16th September, 2023 (9) View More 20-26th August, 2024 (20) View More 1-6th August, 2023 (25) View More 1-8th July, 2023 (5) View More Subscribe to get Latest Public Health Updates SUBSCRIBE

47-Headlines of the day (All) Public Health News Snippets 26-30th November, 2023 Mebella vaccine for MR Globally, about 100,000 children have lost their lives to measles and rubella. Indian Immunological Ltd. (IIL) is a major supplier to India’s UIP. IIL has introduced Mebella™, also named Mabella, a lyophilized, live attenuated vaccine for measles and rubella (MR). It has been developed in partnership with the Polyvac Institute in Vietnam. Extensive human clinical trials have affirmed its safety and efficacy. A Phase II/III clinical trial showed Mebella™ to have seroprotection and seroconversion rates, assessed at 42 days, at par with and non-inferior to the MR-VAC® vaccine. Content Editor: Dr. Pradipta S Vaccine Journal Source : Published on : Thursday, November 30, 2023 Vaccination, Measles, Rubella 13th UNESCO Youth Forum. This year, the UNESCO Youth Forum focuses on the social impacts of climate change and the need for an equitable climate transition. It took place during the General Conference on 14-15 November 2023, at the UNESCO Headquarters in Paris. The theme for this year comes at a vital juncture. Young people have been vocal about how climate change threatens their future in recent years. Young people are crucial drivers of the innovation needed to accomplish an equitable climate transition. They are highly motivated to do so. However, they frequently lack the means and space to turn their ideas into effective activities and achieve their full potential. This seminar will provide a platform for young policymakers to be heard by those creating policy. Content Editor: Dr. Anubhav Mondal UNESCO Source : Published on : Thursday, November 30, 2023 youth, climate change Leveraging partnerships to globalize TCI. WHO and India's AYUSH Ministry signed a multi-million, five-year agreement in Geneva to advance traditional, complementary, and integrative medicine (TCI) by developing new technical documents for global well-being. This collaboration will play an important role in the globalization of evidence-informed TCI . It will also aid in mainstreaming proven TCI practices in national health systems toward achieving universal health coverage and well-being. India is a steadfast supporter of WHO's TCI Medicine Unit. India solidified its commitment through a third agreement that focuses on developing benchmark documents and evidence-informed technical products for traditional medicine systems. In August 2023, the first traditional medicine global summit in Gujarat, India, launched the Gujarat Declaration, emphasizing collaborative efforts to integrate traditional medicine into national health systems. India's new agreement supports WHO in developing benchmarks for Siddha, herbal medicine safety, and international pharmacopeia, advancing traditional medicine. Content Editor: Dr. Rashmi Verma WHO News Section Source : Published on : Thursday, November 30, 2023 WHO, AYUSH Ministry, Traditional Medicine Revised COVID-19 therapeutic guidelines. This update provides new baseline risk estimates for hospital admission for non-severe COVID-19 patients. The revised estimates aid healthcare professionals in identifying and tailoring treatment for individuals based on their risk levels. The most notable change includes the transition of individuals over 65 and those with specific chronic conditions from high to moderate risk. WHO reiterates its strong endorsement of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir ('Paxlovid'). WHO recommends molnupiravir or remdesivir in cases where Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir is unavailable for high-risk patients. Further, it advises against molnupiravir and remdesivir for moderate risk due to potential harms outweighing benefits. Only symptomatic treatment is recommended for low-risk patients. WHO cautions against routine use of new antivirals (VV116) and strongly opposes ivermectin for non-severe COVID-19, restricting its usage to clinical trials in severe or critical cases. Content Editor: Dr. Rashmi Verma WHO News Section Source : Published on : Thursday, November 30, 2023 COVID-19, Global health The associations between COVID-19 vaccination and sudden deaths. A multicentric study involving 47 hospitals across the nation studied 729 unexplained deaths between October 2021 and March 2023. The study aimed to examine the link between the COVID-19 vaccination and death. Data about the COVID-19 vaccination was collected from next of kin after identifying cases of sudden death in apparently healthy individuals. Four healthy controls from the same age group and locality were also studied for every case. The study concluded that: Two doses of vaccination improved the odds of survival from COVID-19 infection Sudden deaths were three times more common in those with a family history of sudden deaths Lifestyle factors like alcohol, smoking, and drug use were significantly associated with sudden deaths There was no significant association between COVID-19 vaccination and sudden death Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Indian Journal of Medical Research Source : Published on : Thursday, November 30, 2023 COVID-19, ICMR, vaccination, AEFI Steps to tackle the loneliness pandemic. Contrary to popular belief, isolation and loneliness have an influence on the health and well-being of individuals of all ages all over the world. Lack of social connection can hamper educational and economic outcomes. It may lead to school dropouts and poor job performance. The WHO has announced a new Commission on Social Connection to address loneliness as a pressing health threat. A US surgeon general and an African Union youth envoy will co-chair the WHO Commission on Social Connection. The Commission will consist of 11 policy-makers, leaders, and advocates. The Commission will examine the critical role that social connection plays in enhancing the health of individuals of all ages. They will also present options for building more social ties. The WHO Commission on Social Connection will convene for the first time next month and work on changing the perspective around loneliness to help build stable and resilient communities. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy WHO News Section Source : Published on : Wednesday, November 29, 2023 Public health, isolation, social medicine, WHO WHO calls for equitable access to healthcare for people with TB and diabetes. According to the WHO Global TB Report 2023, diabetes is one of the major determinants of TB, accounting for nearly 400,000 TB episodes globally. Diabetes increases the risk of TB and increases the likelihood of unfavorable TB treatment outcomes, such as death. This highlights how important it is to guarantee that patients with diabetes and tuberculosis have access to essential care. During the September 2023 United Nations high-level meeting on tuberculosis (TB), the member states pledged to facilitate: Universal access to high-quality tuberculosis services Action against all TB determinants and drivers, including non-communicable diseases like diabetes They also vowed to support the theme of this year's World Diabetes Day, "equitable access to essential care," by committing to systematic screening, prevention, treatment, and care for TB as well as for related medical conditions like diabetes. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy WHO News Section Source : Published on : Wednesday, November 29, 2023 Healthcare Equity, Diabetes, Tuberculosis , Public health Interim analysis of the EYE strategy Under the guidance of WHO, UNICEF, and Gavi evaluation offices, the Euro Health Group conducted an independent mid-term evaluation of the EYE Strategy. This evaluation was conducted in order to assess the strategy's current state of development. The evaluation also aimed to identify the most effective path forward for safeguarding nearly 1 billion people in Africa and the Americas from yellow fever by 2026. The evaluation covered the EYE strategy from 2017 to 2021. Data from the EYE Strategy shows that since 2017, 226 million more Africans have received a single-dose vaccination that offers lifetime protection against yellow fever. The EYE partners reiterate that they are dedicated to stepping up their efforts in order to: Assist countries in putting the strategy into practice Prevent all further yellow fever outbreaks worldwide by 2026 The Vaccine Alliance assured that it will keep collaborating with nations and partners to support: Routine immunization Close immunization gaps Enhance preparedness for responding to outbreaks Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy WHO News Section Source : Published on : November 29, 2023 Vaccination, Global health, Yellow fever, International health BU-LABNET to Skin NTD LABNET: Expansion of services. The fifth annual meeting of the Buruli ulcer PCR laboratories (BU-LABNET) network at Noguchi Memorial Institute marked a pivotal moment in addressing Buruli ulcer and skin NTDs. Transitioning to Skin NTD LABNET signified an expanded collaborative focus in the WHO African Region. This will help enhance skin disease diagnosis, management, and health access in endemic regions. BU-LABNET was formed in 2019 under WHO. The BU-LABNET unites 13 labs across nine countries to advance Buruli ulcer diagnosis using standardized PCR protocols. They are supported by global organizations with a broader aim, encompassing skin NTDs for cost-effective, quality diagnosis expansion. Recommendations for BU-LABNET include: Harmonizing procedures Implementing quality assessment Advocating for new labs Creating training tools Promoting collaborative research National programs are advised to do the following: Enhance lab collaboration Conduct training Explore integrated sample transport Partners were urged to support integration goals, assist in sample collection, and identify funding sources. BU-LABNET envisions expanding its molecular platform to include additional skin NTDs and laboratories. Thereby optimizing cost–effectiveness and increasing access to quality-assured diagnosis. Content Editor: Dr. Rashmi Verma WHO News Section Source : Published on : November 29, 2023 Skin disease, Buruli ulcer Global health check: A trio of troubling trends. WHO warns of alarming disease surges in Gaza due to conflict, overcrowding, and disruptions in healthcare, water, and sanitation. Over 33,000 cases of diarrhea, 9,000 scabies, 55,000 upper respiratory infections, and disruptions in vaccination have been reported since mid-October. WHO urges urgent humanitarian aid and adherence to international law in Gaza. On the other hand, Missouri's Benton County faces an avian flu outbreak at a 16,600-bird broiler breeder farm. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) noted 21 new H5N1 detections in wild birds. Further, Florida recorded 12 new locally acquired dengue cases, totaling 110 this year. Miami-Dade County saw the majority, with additional cases reported in Broward, Hardee, Palm Beach, and Polk counties. Content Editor: Dr. Rashmi Verma The Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy Source : Published on : November 29, 2023 Cholera, Dengue, Foodborne Disease, Healthcare-Associated Infections Digital health classification: A categorization tool. WHO released the second edition of the classification of digital interventions for advancing health goals. This will help aid the health, development, research, and technology sectors The publication is an update and describes how digital health interventions can be used to address personal and health system challenges Digital tools help to address the following: Health system gaps Timely access to information for health workers and individuals Supporting person-centered healthcare globally The updated classification serves to: Standardize documentation Articulate digital capabilities Support categorization for effective coordination in health As the health sector embraces digital advancements, the classification ensures up-to-date resources for stakeholders. This will help foster collaboration between health and technology experts to prioritize and implement responsive digital solutions. Content Editor: Dr. Rashmi Verma WHO News Section Source : Published on : November 28, 2023 Digital Health Intervention,WHO Implications of whole genome sequencing in foodborne diseases. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) is a major initiative to improve our understanding of foodborne diseases. Through one health strategy, WGS will improve: Routine surveillance Epidemic detection Outbreak response Source identification A new WHO publication, "Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) as a Tool to Strengthen Foodborne Disease Surveillance and Response, " is a guide to using WGS as a surveillance tool. The publication has three sections: The Introductory module describes the minimum capacity requirements in the foodborne disease surveillance and response system The uses and applications of WGS in foodborne disease outbreak investigations The last module explains how WGS can be used for routine surveillance of foodborne illnesses Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy WHO News Section Source : Published on : November 28, 2023 WHO, public health, global health, social medicine, mental health Surge in the MDR Salmonella cases. A multistate outbreak of the REPJJP01 strain of MDR Salmonella resulted in 255 illnesses and 60 hospitalizations between June 2018 and March 2019. The outbreak investigations showed a Mexican connection between the infections—43% of the infected had visited Mexico and consumed Mexican-style soft cheese that was purchased there. The investigators also discovered connections between the strain and beef products, including dried beef from Mexico and the US, indicating that cattle/ beef were vehicles of the virus in both nations. While efforts to locate illness sources are being made in collaboration with state and local health agencies, the CDC cautioned travelers to observe food safety precautions overseas. The CDC advised safe practices like: Avoiding beef or other foods sold by street vendors It impels physicians to be mindful of the possibility of antibiotic resistance in patients with salmonellosis who have a history of recent travel to Mexico. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Policy Source : Published on : November 28, 2023 Infectious disease, CDC, public health, food-borne disease, disease surveillance Beyond Borders: Symposium to tackle health effects of climate change. The 10th Joint Technical Symposium on "Facing the Future: Human Health and Climate Change" was organized by WHO, WIPO, and WTO on November 14, 2023. The event emphasized the crucial intersections between public health, trade, and intellectual property (IP) in addressing climate change's impact on human health, particularly among disadvantaged communities. The symposium highlighted the urgent need to align actions with lessons from the COVID-19 response for cross-sectoral activities against threats to climate. Emphasis was given on the following: Acceleration of emission reduction commitments Ensuring trade rules don't hinder access to eco-friendly technologies Role of trade in spreading green technology, incentivizing innovation, and supporting climate-adaptive health systems Bridging the gap between technology providers and seekers through initiatives like WIPO GREEN The symposium included panels covering: Healthcare needs IP's role in addressing climate change Trade policies that help mitigate climate-related health risks The closing remarks emphasized the role of strong partnerships to tackle the health effects of climate change. Content Editor: Dr Sumana Mukhopadhyay WHO News Section Source : Published on : November 28, 2023 Climate change, Global health Challenges to the 3HP TPT regimen. After the nationwide launch eight months ago by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the 3HP TB preventive treatment rollout is experiencing delays in drug supply to states. Despite the delays, Tamil Nadu and Kerala have taken the initiative to implement 3HP for TB preventive treatment for all recently diagnosed contacts. The 3HP regimen, involving once-weekly isoniazid-rifapentine for 12 weeks, offers a more manageable and economical course with 12 doses compared to the current daily isoniazid treatment requiring 180 pills. This therapy is very beneficial to contacts, as around 20% of TB can be traced back to home exposure. It can also stop the progression of highly prevalent latent TB for a long period of time. Dr. Padmapriyadarsini underscores the benefits of 3HP, such as: Enhanced compliance Reduced adverse effects Higher completion rates Cost-effective TPT is a high-reward project that needs more attention and investment to tackle tuberculosis. Content Editor: Dr Sumana Mukhopadhyay Central TB Division Source : Published on : November 28, 2023 TPT, Tuberculosis, Latent TB Revolutionizing Indian homes for energy efficiency and sustainability. Energy Efficiency Services Limited (EESL) has launched the National Efficient Cooking Program (NECP) and the Energy Efficient Fans Program (EEFP). This was launched with the aim of achieving independent and sustainable energy consumption. NECP promotes non-solar/electricity-based induction cookstoves, aligning with the Go-Electric initiative. EESL aims to distribute 20 lakh induction cookstoves, reducing environmental impact and offering low-cost cooking solutions. EEFP focuses on deploying one crore 5-star energy-efficient ceiling fans, aiming to reduce residential electricity consumption by nearly 20%. This also benefits consumers by cost-cutting their electricity bills. This initiative complements the G20 Energy Transitions Working Group's efforts. Union Minister for Power and New and Renewable Energy, Shri R. K. Singh, emphasized the strategic shift to electric cooking, highlighting the affordability and benefits for ordinary citizens. The transition will reduce the reliance on outside sources of energy. It can reduce the expense of cooking fuel for the ordinary person. The NCEP and EEFP programs will target promoting efficient, sustainable, safe, and affordable cooking and appliance use. EESL CEO Shri Vishal Kapoor noted the impact of past initiatives like UJALA and the Street-lighting National Program in reducing energy consumption and cutting CO2 emissions. Content Editor: Dr Sumana Mukhopadhyay Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : November 27, 2023 Sustainable environment, Efficient energy , E- cooking Effects of the pandemic on preschool children: A Canadian study A recent study published in the JAMA network analyzed Canadian children born between February 2018 and June 2022. The aim of the study was to draw conclusions about the effects of the pandemic on preschool children. The children were surveyed at ages 2 and 4.5 and included those who lived through four periods of nationwide lockdown and many school closures during the pandemic. The sample consisted of 718 children aged 24 months and 703 aged 54 months. In both age groups, some were studied before the pandemic and the rest during the pandemic. Those aged 24 months were assessed using the Ages and Stages questionnaire for: Problem-solving Personal-social skills Communication Motor skills Early childhood cognitive battery was completed by children in the 54-month age group. The study concluded that: Better problem skills were found among pandemic-exposed 24-month-old preschoolers Better memory and composite cognitive skills were found among the pandemic pandemic-exposed 54-month-olds No significant differences in socioemotional skills were found due to exposure to the pandemic and lockdown. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Policy Source : Published on : November 27, 2023 Covid-19, Global health, Child health, Mental health, Lockdown A clearer path for FMGs The National Medical Commission published a notice addressing the issues faced by foreign medical graduates. The clarifications for FMGs in Ukraine are: After obtaining a Provisional Registration Certificate from the State Medical Council, candidates can undergo a compulsory rotating medical internship (CRMI) in India and receive equal stipend pay If a candidate has completed a medical course at a foreign medical institute partially online, they must complete a one-year clinical clerkship (CC) to be eligible for CRMI. Candidates who have not completed the FMG course must complete a clinical clerkship (CC) for two years to be eligible for CRMI. A candidate can appear for the FMG exam within 10 years of completing their course at a foreign medical institute. Content Editor: Dr Urmimala Maiti National Medical Commission Source : Published on : November 27, 2023 Medical Education From principles to practice: Data-driven SDG solutions. NITI Aayog hosted a one-day workshop on "Harnessing Data for Development (D4D) for Accelerating Progress on SDGs " at Hotel Taj Palace, New Delhi. The workshop was conducted as part of the Feeder Thematic Workshops series. The workshop focused on the G20 Principles of Harnessing Data for Development, emphasizing relevance within the Indian context. Key sessions included discussions on the specific aspects of data-driven development, such as: Sustainability Inclusion Technology and finance Capacity building The workshop aimed to gather insights from think tanks and academics to contribute to future national workshops. The workshop series consisted of ten thematic workshops scheduled from November 1-9, 2023, covering diverse topics such as: G20 to G21, Tourism, Trade and Green Development Fostering collaborative efforts for sustainable progress Content Editor: Dr Sumana Mukhopadhyay Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : November 27, 2023 SDG, Digital health, G20 Daily News Snippets Monthly Archives 08-14th October, 2023 (5) View More 10-16th September, 2023 (9) View More 20-26th August, 2024 (20) View More 1-6th August, 2023 (25) View More 24-30th September, 2023 (5) View More 01-09th September, 2023 (11) View More 13 - 19 th August , 2024 (5) View More 23-31st July, 2023 (28) View More 17-23rd September, 2023 (10) View More 27-31st August, 2024 (16) View More 6-12th August, 2024 (16) View More 16-22nd July, 2023 (9) View More March 27 - 31, 2023 (15) View More March 6 - 12, 2023 (24) View More February 23 - 25, 2023 (3) View More February 15 - 16, 2023 (8) View More March 20 - 25, 2023 (18) View More March 1 - 5, 2023 (8) View More February 20 - 22, 2023 (2) View More February 07 - 14, 2023 (5) View More March 13 - 18, 2023 (8) View More February 26 - 28, 2023 (15) View More February 17 - 19, 2023 (3) View More February 01 - 06, 2023 (5) View More Subscribe to get Latest Public Health Updates SUBSCRIBE

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