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45-Headlines of the day (All) Public Health News Snippets 12-18th November, 2023 Compensation for animal bite victims Given the alarmingly high rates of stray animal bites and related fatalities, the high courts of some of the states have decided on the provision of compensation for the victims. The states involved in this decision are: Punjab Haryana Union Territory of Chandigarh This was in response to 193 pleas outlining the lack of any regulatory measures to control such incidences by the states. The justice ordered the formation of a committee by the state to decide the compensation to be paid to the victims who claim it. Any bite of stray cattle or animals, wild or pet animals, qualifies for compensation . The compensations in case of a dog bite are as follows: ₹10,000 for a teeth mark ₹20,000 for a 0.2 cm wound depth of flesh removed Content Editor: Dr Urmimala Maiti High Court of Punjab and Harayana Source : Published on : Thursday, November 23, 2023 One Health, Public Health Laws, Dog-bite Steps towards cleaner Yamuna In line with the six-point action plan to clean the Yamuna River by 2025, the Delhi government will soon commission two year-long studies. One study will focus on the levels of microplastics in river water compared to underground water. Bioaccumulation of microplastics has been postulated to cause genetic and organ dysfunction. The other will study foaming in river water. Foaming results from alarmingly high phosphate levels from toxic pollutants, leading to eutrophication and rendering the water devoid of dissolved oxygen. The studies aim to develop policy decisions for short and long-term solutions. Content Editor: Dr Urmimala Maiti Department of Environment, Government of NCT of Delhi Source : Published on : Thursday, November 23, 2023 Environmental Health, Water pollution Bangladesh conquers Kala-Azar menace A monumental achievement for Bangladesh: WHO validates sustained kala-azar reduction, with reported cases below 1 per 10,000 in all subdistricts for three consecutive years. Kala-Azar is caused by Leishmania spp. And is transmitted by phlebotomine sandflies. It threatens the rural areas with poverty, poor housing, and malnutrition. If left untreated, it can be fatal in over 95% of cases. In 2005, Bangladesh, India, and Nepal initiated the Regional Kala-Azar Elimination Initiative, which was further updated in 2012 for continued elimination efforts. Tools that were crucial in the early detection and treatment of kala-azar in remote places included: rK39 test Liposomal amphotericin B Miltefosine In 2022, there were only 47 kala-azar cases in Bangladesh and 1069 in the Southeast Asia Region, the historic lowest number till now. Further, Bangladesh eliminated lymphatic filariasis in May 2023, making it the first country to eliminate two tropical diseases in one year. Content Editor: Dr. Rashmi Verma WHO News Section Source : Published on : Wednesday, November 22, 2023 Kala Azar, Neglected Tropical Diseases Ixchiq - The first vaccine approved for Chikungunya virus The US FDA approved Ixchiq as the first vaccine against the Chikungunya virus for the 18-year-old and above age group. Chikungunya is endemic in tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Southeast Asia, and America. Its threat is not only restricted to the acute symptoms but also to the chronic debilitating complications and fatal infection in newborns following mother-to-child transmission. The FDA approved the vaccine using the Accelerated Approval pathway based on Phase III clinical trial data. Six months after vaccination, the live-attenuated, single-dose vaccine demonstrated 96.3% seropositivity. The trial reported severe adverse reactions in some participants. It awaits a postmarketing trial to determine the seriousness of the reactions. Content Editor: Dr Urmimala Maiti US Food & Drug Administration Source : Published on : Wednesday, November 22, 2023 Vaccination, Chikungunya, Clinical Trial, Vector-borne diseases Red flag on safety of eyedrops The US Food and Drug Administration released a corporate announcement by Kilitch Healthcare India Limited on November 15, 2023. The announcement states that the company is voluntarily recalling adverse events reported by patients who have used any of its 26 different eye drops nationwide. The company has notified its distributors, wholesalers, and retailers to report any adverse events following the use of the eye drops, which have an expiration date of November 2023 to September 2025. As per the report, there has been an issue regarding sterilization during the manufacture of the products. Due to inadequate and ineffective sterilization, they carry the risk of spreading potential infections. Content Editor: Dr Urmimala Maiti US Food & Drug Administration Source : Published on : Wednesday, November 22, 2023 Drug safety, FDA Outbreak of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Pakistan "FluTrackers" is an infectious disease news message board. The board has been delivering reports of continuous CCHF hospitalizations since August, reporting 15 deaths until mid-October. On November 5, Flutrackers reported that the government of Balochistan had announced a red alert in the aftermath of 16 CCHF deaths in the region, including a doctor. Officials at the outbreak hospital have taken the following steps: Isolated the infected ward, Taken special precautions to disinfect all cattle markets in the province They have banned private animal slaughter in public areas for two weeks. Also, France reported the first CCHF finding in Hyalomma ticks in October in cattle. CCHF is a viral hemorrhagic fever spread by Hyalomma ticks that is endemic in Africa, the Balkans, the Middle East, and Asia. The disease currently has no vaccination or specific treatments and is highly fatal. Content Editor: Anubhav Mondal Centre for Infectious Disease Policy and Research Source : Published on : Wednesday, November 22, 2023 Epidemic, Viral outbreak, Viral hemorrhagic fever Riverine plastisphere: The new AMR reservoir? Researchers from the University of Warwick led a team that found that after being immersed in a river for a week, both new and old plastics carried opportunistic "microbial hitchhikers" and different sets of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Examples of these hitchhikers were organisms such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Plastics operate as a reservoir for pathogenic bacteria, or ARGs, often exacerbated by their persistence in the environment due to their recalcitrance and buoyancy. The findings raise worries that the "riverine plastisphere" could act as an antibiotic resistance reservoir. However, the researchers note that it's too early to tell whether plastics can transmit infection-causing, antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Content Editor: Anubhav Mondal Centre for Infectious Disease Policy and Research Source : Published on : Wednesday, November 22, 2023 Microbial resistance, Water Pollution, AMR Launch of the "Impact well-being"- campaign to tackle healthcare workers burnout Impact Wellbeing is a new campaign launched by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). This campaign provides hospital leaders with evidence-based resources to improve workplace policies and practices. These will help: Reduce burnout Normalize help-seeking Strengthen professional well-being. Impact Wellbeing assists hospital executives and their healthcare workforce by providing concrete measures to: Fine-tune quality improvements Build new workflows Make employees feel safe seeking help Furthermore, hospital administrators can eliminate one of the most significant system impediments to healthcare worker well-being: intrusive mental health questions on hospital credentialing forms. For more than 50 years, NIOSH has provided methods and resources to workers and employers, including hospital management, in order to promote sustainable, safe workplaces. Content Editor:Anubhav Mondal Centre for Disease Control Source : Published on : Tuesday, November 21, 2023 Occupational health, well being Delhi govt has plans for the worsening air quality during and after Diwali. The Air Quality Index (AQI) of Delhi on November 13, 2023, was 358, categorized as "very poor" for the 24-hour average. The Air Quality Early Warning System predicts poorer air quality until November 14, 2023. As a regulatory measure, the Supreme Court ordered a ban on the sale of firecrackers in Delhi. Police patrolling to seize firecrackers and curb their sales reported violations of rules in many parts of Delhi. The odd-even vehicle rationing measure is on hold till further notice following the rains. The continued ban on construction and demolition activities in some areas has significantly impacted the lives of daily-wage laborers. Content Editor: Dr Urmimala Maiti The Commission for Air Quality Management in National Capital Region and Adjoining Areas Source : Published on : Tuesday, November 21, 2023 Environmental Health, Air Pollution, AQI South East Asia in Action Bangladesh has become the first country to eliminate the kala-azar. 70% of the global cases were observed in India, Bangladesh, and Nepal. India is next in queue to eliminate the kala-azar. Also, the Maldives was the first country to interrupt the transmission of leprosy. Achievements of the other Southeast Asian countries includes: 5 out of 11 member countries—Bhutan, DPR Korea, the Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Timor-Leste—have achieved the regional target of measles and rubella elimination. Korea opened an account recently by achieving 99.8% vaccine coverage. 4 out of 11 member countries—the Maldives, Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Bangladesh—have eliminated lymphatic filariasis Nepal and Myanmar have eliminated trachoma. India has been verified as yaws-free. Content Editor: Dr. Ghurumourthy WHO News Section Source : Published on : Neglected Tropical disease, Infectious disease, Vaccine preventable disease Vaccine development: A 100-day mission The Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) and Moderna, Inc. have formed a strategic alliance. This alliance will use Moderna's mRNA platform to expedite vaccine research against viral disease outbreaks that threaten global health. The collaboration's study could broaden the infectious disease targets for mRNA vaccine technology. This will also strengthen pandemic preparedness and public health activities in line with the 100-Day Mission. The 100-day mission aims to limit vaccine development to 100 days. mRNA technology has been identified as an essential driver of the 100 Days Mission due to its versatility as a rapid-response platform. mRNA technology can be leveraged to design and swiftly prepare novel vaccines for clinical testing and subsequent scale-up. This technology can potentially help in scaling up new vaccines within days of recognizing a new viral threat. Content Editor: Dr. Ghurumourthy moderna Source : Published on : Tuesday, November 21, 2023 Global health, Epidemics/outbreaks, Vaccine, mRNA COVID-19 and Cognition A longitudinal study was conducted using data from the PROTECT study on individuals aged 50 and above in the UK to examine the impact of the pandemic on cognitive abilities. Cognitive abilities were evaluated using a computerized neuropsychology battery. A significant decline in executive function and working memory was observed in the first year of the pandemic across all participants. Regression analysis revealed that this cognitive decline was significantly linked to Decreased physical activity Increased alcohol consumption Depression Feelings of loneliness. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant decrease in cognitive abilities in older adults, which is associated with changes in known risk factors for dementia. The persistent decline in cognitive abilities underscores the need for long-term interventions and support for cognitive health in older adults. The National Institute for Health and Care Research funded this study. Content Editor: Dr. Ghurumourthy The Lancet Source : Published on : Tuesday, November 21, 2023 Mental health, Elderly, COVID 19, Long Covid Daily News Snippets Monthly Archives 13 - 19 th August , 2024 (5) View More 23-31st July, 2023 (28) View More 25-30th June, 2023 (13 ) View More 1-10th June, 2023 (12 ) View More 6-12th August, 2024 (16) View More 16-22nd July, 2023 (9) View More 18-24th June, 2023 (11 ) View More 28-31st May, 2023 (3) View More 1-6th August, 2023 (25) View More 1-8th July, 2023 (5) View More 11-17th June, 2023 (7 ) View More 22-28th May, 2023 (7) View More March 27 - 31, 2023 (15) View More March 6 - 12, 2023 (24) View More February 23 - 25, 2023 (3) View More February 15 - 16, 2023 (8) View More March 20 - 25, 2023 (18) View More March 1 - 5, 2023 (8) View More February 20 - 22, 2023 (2) View More February 07 - 14, 2023 (5) View More March 13 - 18, 2023 (8) View More February 26 - 28, 2023 (15) View More February 17 - 19, 2023 (3) View More February 01 - 06, 2023 (5) View More Subscribe to get Latest Public Health Updates SUBSCRIBE

110-Headlines of the day (List) Public Health News Snippets 24-28th February 2025 NGT and UPPCB row over Ganga Water Quality Concerns at Maha Kumbh 2025 A recent National Green Tribunal report from Uttar Pradesh has raised alarm bells over the Ganga’s water quality ahead of the Maha Kumbh Mela. Findings reveal that the river water fails to meet the safety standards established by the C entral P ollution C ontrol B oard, with exceptionally high levels of faecal coliform bacteria detected. While some parameters remain within acceptable limits, the elevated bacterial contamination poses significant health risks for devotees and participants. The report urges authorities to adopt stringent remedial measures and continuous monitoring to ensure safe water conditions during the mega event. Experts emphasize the need for immediate pollution control interventions to restore the river’s ecological balance and protect public health. Content Editor: PHC Editor National Green Tribunal Source : Published on : February 27, 2025 Ganga water quality, NGT report, Maha Kumbh, CPCB, faecal coliform Selenium-Contaminated Wheat Linked to Baldness in Buldhana Dr Himmatrao Bawaskar, a Padma awardee physician, led a month-long investigation into a sudden outbreak of severe hair loss in Buldhana. It was found that wheat from Punjab , supplied to ration shops in Buldhana, contained dangerously high levels of selenium . Excessive selenium intake is linked to widespread baldness observed among residents. Experts revealed that the risk was further intensified by low zinc levels in individuals, a deficiency known to worsen hair loss. The incident has prompted investigations into the supply chain and quality control measures at local ration shops. Health officials are urging immediate testing and nutritional interventions to mitigate further health impacts. The case highlights the urgent need for stringent monitoring of food quality in public distribution systems . Ongoing investigation aims to clarify the impact and prevent future occurrences of similar issues. Content Editor: PHC Editor Indian Council of Medical Research Source : Published on : February 27, 2025 Selenium, Wheat, Zinc, Baldness, Heavy-Metal Poisoning "India's Path to Sustainable Growth: Highlights from the Economic Survey 2024-25" India’s vision for inclusive and sustainable development aligns with its ambition of becoming Viksit Bharat by 2047 , as highlighted in the Economic Survey 2024-25. Efficient coal use, advanced thermal power technologies, and nuclear energy are emphasized. India is progressing towards its NDC targets , achieving 46.8% installed capacity from non-fossil fuel sources . Net-zero emissions by 2070 require grid improvements, critical minerals, and climate finance support. Mission LiFE promotes mindful consumption, waste management, circular economy, and pro-environment behaviours. Content Editor: Dr Anamika Press Information Bureau of India Source : Published on : March 2, 2025 Sustainable development, renewable energy, climate resilience Economic Survey 2024-25: Mental Well-Being Key to Productivity and Growth The Economic Survey 2024-25 defines mental well-being as critical for navigating challenges and maintaining productivity. It highlights the impact of lifestyle choices, workplace culture, and family dynamics on mental health and economic productivity. The rising mental health issues among youth are linked to excessive internet and social media use. Regular consumption of junk food (HFSS), lack of exercise, and weak family connections worsen mental well-being. Hostile work cultures and long desk hours are identified as detrimental to mental health and economic growth. The Survey calls for school, family, and societal interventions to improve mental health outcomes and ensure sustainable economic growth. Content Editor: Dr Anamika Press Information Bureau of India Source : Published on : March 1, 2025 Mental Well-Being, Productivity, Economic Growth Guillain Barre Syndrome outbreak reaches Telangana Telangana reported its first case of Guillain Barre syndrome, currently affecting multiple states in India, when a 25-year-old woman from the Siddipet district was admitted to a private institution, KIMS Hospital in Hyderabad . This marks the first case reported from the state. The patient was initially treated at another hospital for a week before she was shifted due to her worsening condition. Doctors state that her condition is critical, and she is currently on ventilator support . The patient had no history of travel to Pune or any family history of similar illnesses. Content Editor: Dr Manu PHC Editorial Bureau Source : Published on : February 21, 2025 Outbreak, Surveillance, Guillain Barre Syndrome Reforming Labour Laws for Better Mental Well-being The Union Budget 2025-26 allocated ₹99,858.56 crore to MoH&FW, including ₹79.6 crore for Tele MANAS and increased NIMHANS funding . Despite this, blue-collar workers remain underserved due to policy gaps, unsafe work conditions, and stigma. Unlike corporate employees, they struggle to access mental health support due to job insecurity, long hours, and hazardous workplaces. The OSHWC Code (2020) covers only physical safety , while the CSC Code (2020) fails to recognize mental illness as an occupational disease , limiting compensation. With a 70-92% treatment gap, low-income workers are most affected. Labour laws must integrate mental health , ensuring compensation for work-related illness. Employers must regulate work hours, enforce mental health policies and promote Tele MANAS and counseling services. Expanding legal protections, employer accountability, and awareness will create safer, healthier workplaces for all. Content Editor: Dr M Kasif PHC Editorial Bureau Source : Published on : February 21, 2025 Mental health, SDG 3, Labour laws, Occupational health Need for New Law- For manufactured chemicals in protecting children’s health Safeguarding children’s health against synthetic chemicals requires a fundamental shift in chemical law to take a precautionary approach over unconstrained production. Fewer than 20% chemicals have been tested for toxicity, and it’s still fewer when it comes to toxic effects in infants and children. Unlike pharmaceuticals, synthetic chemicals have little assessment for health impacts and almost no post-marketing surveillance for long-term adverse effects. Most synthetic chemicals and products are produced from fossil fuels such as gas, oil and coal. Yet, they are subjected to few legal or policy constraints. There was a 50-fold increase since 1950, and it is projected to triple again by 2050 , which has led to widespread human exposure and environmental pollution, too. Association between chemicals and disease in children continue to rise with distressing frequency, with still many additional diseases undiscovered. Content Editor: Dr Soundhar The New England Journal of Medicine Source : Published on : February 20, 2025 Children’s health, environmental health, Health policy Obesity and it’s association with climate change According to researchers, in developing countries with a rise of 10 degrees C, there was a rise of 4% in the BMI of children and a 2% rise in BMI in women . It stated that BMI tends to increase at both low and high temperatures as there was a U-shaped relation between temperature and BMI. Impact of temperature on obesity is a long-term outcome, which also makes people to stay indoors and which in turn, leads to reduced physical inactivity . According to a 2019 Lancet commission report, climate change impacts plants’ protein and micronutrient content too, as elevated carbon dioxide levels have shown to reduce concentration in wheat, rice, potato, etc., by 10-15%. When people spend less time in cool temperatures, the body’s need for adaptive thermogenesis reduces, leading to less demand for energy, ultimately leading to obesity. According to the American Heart Association review of studies from 28 countries, today’s children are 15% less physically fit than their parents at the same age. Content Editor: Dr Soundhar JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH-GLOBAL HEALTH NOW Source : Published on : February 20, 2025 Climate change, obesity, global health, child health Report addressing misinformation about science Research on misinformation is being done in many disciplines, with each offering its definitions. It’s also important to note that the claims that are tagged as misinformation can evolve over time as new evidence accumulates. There are many sources of misinformation, and sometimes misinformation may be unintentional too. So, most of the work on the impact of misinformation focused on harm to individuals and much less to society. Intervention should be designed along four points, which resupply, demand, distribution and uptake , though most of the evidence comes from intervention on uptake of misinformation. Attention needs to be given to institutional aspects and to build capacity and capability to generate accurate information and to increase its supply, then to focus on censoring inaccurate information. Content Editor: Dr Soundhar HARVARD T.H.CHAN school Of Public Health Source : Published on : February 19, 2025 Misinformation, Health Policy, Health Research To focus on healthy habits instead of quick fixes for a longer life It was suggested that maintaining a healthy weight across life stages is critical for healthy aging and for improving both lifespan and health span . There were other science-backed strategies mentioned in the article such as dietary pattern which is high in healthy fats and vegetables and low in processed foods and sugar and to avoid smoking. It was also noted there was an association with weight loss and physical activity with the reduced chronic disease risk. So, Experts quoted in the article that focusing on sustainable changes such as making switching to making gradual healthier food based on personal and cultural factors and to find small opportunities for movement over course of the day. Content Editor: Dr Soundhar Harvard T.H. CHAN School of Public Health Source : Published on : February 19, 2025 Healthy aging, Diet habits, Lifestyle changes ‘Hospital at home’ Programs remain concentrated in larger, urban Not-for-profit and academic hospitals The ‘Hospital-at-home’ program was adopted from the Center for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS ) which was established in November 2020 allows hospitals to deliver care to patients in their own homes instead of traditional admission in hospital in case of acute illness. In the cross-sectional analysis of short-term acute care hospitals in the United States, the study compared hospitals that applied waivers between November 2022 and December 2022 (pre-extension hospitals) and those after that (post-extension hospitals). Study found that adoption of waiver remained concentrated in urban, not-for-profit and academic hospitals. Study implicated that if CMS wants to expand the reach of Hospital-at-Home, then work must be done to ensure and incorporate rural and non-teaching hospitals. It indicates that these types of hospitals are not seeking to create these programs on their own, because of resources involved in it to sustain their operation. Content Editor: Dr Soundhar Los Angeles Health Sciences Source : Published on : February 18, 2025 Health Program, International health, Health innovations WHOs Multi-Country Report : Mpox Ouutbreak WHO’s Multi-country External Situation Report No. 45 (January 11, 2025) outlines the ongoing global Mpox outbreak with a focus on clade Ib MPXV. In central Africa, the DRC, Burundi, and Uganda remain key hotspots, with community transmission and weekly case numbers of 100–200. For instance, the DRC recorded 2,464 cases (5 deaths) over six weeks, while Uganda and Burundi reported significant numbers, although December festivities likely reduced surveillance. Internationally, travel-associated cases emerged in 11 non-African countries, including instances in Germany, the UK, China, and others, with some countries like Tanzania and the UAE suspected of undetected spread. The report differentiates clade dynamics : clade Ia in the DRC is zoonotic but now increasingly human-transmitted ; clade Ib is spreading rapidly via human contact ; clade IIa is newly observed in West Africa; and clade IIb continues at low levels globally, primarily among MSM. Africa saw 14,700 cases (66 deaths) over one year amid shifting demographics. WHO emphasizes bolstering surveillance, vaccination (87,000 doses in the DRC, 4.83 million doses for 2025), and cross-border collaboration , deeming clades Ib and Ia high risk. Additionally, ongoing trials indicate limited efficacy of tecovirimat for mild cases, prompting updated infection prevention protocols and expanded decentralized testing in resource-constrained areas. Content Editor: Dr Chinmay World Health Organization Source : Published on : February 18, 2025 Mpox, WHO report, Outbreak Health concerns rise as two die from suspected Guillain Barre syndrome in Kolkata The West Bengal Health Department confirmed the deaths of two individuals aged 10 and 17 years to be due to Guillain Barre syndrome (GBS ). The first individual was a 17 year old adolescent from the North 24 Paraganas District. Though he passed away due to septic shock and myocarditis at NRS Medical College, Kolkata, doctors suspect that GBS was the underlying disease. The 10 year old child was admitted to BC Roy Hospital who hailed from Jagatdal in the North 24 Paraganas district. He died after receiving treatment for a week. On 29th January, a 48 year old man visited Dhaniakhali, Hooghly with symptoms of diarrhea for the past 4 days along with lower limb paralysis. He was put on oxygen due to respiratory issues, but was declared dead on arrival to Kolkata Medical college . The doctors suspected GBS in the case. This outbreak in Kolkata follows the outbreak in Pune affecting more than 100 people and is suspected to be due to contaminated water sources . Content Editor: Dr. Manu PHC Editorial Bureau Source : Published on : February 4, 2025 Outbreak, Surveillance, Guillain Barre Syndrome U.S. to Withdraw From WHO Over Alleged Bias and Funding Disparities President Donald Trump declared that the United States would exit from the World Health Organization (WHO ) within 12 months of January 20, 2025, citing concerns over its political influence and financial structure. Trump accused the WHO of acting under the “inappropriate political influence” of certain member states, particularly China. He claimed the organization mishandled global health crises, including COVID-19, by failing to act independently. The U.S., contributing 18% of WHO’s $6.8 billion budget, was its largest financial backer. Trump has criticized the unequal financial burden on the United States of America. This decision mirrors Trump’s attempt in 2020 to withdraw, citing similar concerns. The WHO denies allegations of bias and continues pressing China for data pertaining to the origin of COVID-19. The U.S. exit raises concerns about future global health funding and cooperation. Content Editor: Dr Mohammed Kasif PHC Editorial Bureau Source : Published on : February 4, 2025 Global health, Health funding, Pandemic response, World Health Organisation Targeted nutritional support to affected households can avert ~400,000 TB deaths by 2035 A recent modelling study conducted by researchers from London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London and Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore; published in Lancet Global health, has evaluated the cost-effectiveness of nutritional support for TB households in conjunction with impact of the intervention on further transmission of TB . The study estimated that about 900,000 TB episodes and around 400,000 fatalities can be prevented if India can implement nutritional support for all household contacts of TB patients in at least 50% of families where people are undergoing treatment for tuberculosis from 2023 to 2035. These figures correspond to preventing 2·2% (2·1–2·4) of all TB cases and 4·6% (4·2–5·5) of all TB fatalities. This proposed intervention would cost the nation around Rs.15k per DALYs prevented . The study also estimated that on the contrary nutritional support to only the patient undergoing TB treatment can avert 46700 new cases and 234,300 TB fatalities . Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. KH Reddy The Lancet Global Health Source : Published on : January 31, 2025 Tuberculosis, Infectious disease modelling, Nutrition, Health economics Pune Battles a Surge in Guillain-Barré Syndrome Cases The Pune Municipal Corporation, the Pimpri-Chinchiwad Municipal Corporation , and a few adjoining districts of Pune , Maharashtra, have reported about 127 cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS ), with two suspected deaths and 20 patients on ventilators as of 30 January 2025. GBS is a rare autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks peripheral nerves, causing muscle weakness, numbness, and paralysis. Though its exact cause is unclear, it often follows viral or bacterial infections . The condition is more common in adults and males , with an incidence of 1–2 per 100,000 population. With cases rising, strengthened surveillance , early detection , and public awareness are crucial in managing the outbreak of GBS. The Union Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has deployed a team to assess the outbreak, while local health officials have surveyed over 25,500 households in affected areas. Postmortem and microbiological tests are being conducted to confirm the cause of death. Following this, local authorities have sent samples to the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology (ICMR-NIV ) for further analysis. Content Editor: Dr. Mohammed Kasif Social Trends Source : Published on : January 30, 2025 Disease outbreak, Auto-immune disorder, Surveillance Pakistan detects the nation’s first Mpox case in 2025 The first case of Mpox in 2025 in Pakistan was detected at Peshawar airport in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. A 35-year-old man traveling from Dubai has been identified as the patient. The patient had reported symptoms of the disease and a recent travel history of visiting the Gulf countries . He was then transferred to the Police Services Hospital, where his samples were sent to the Public Health Reference Lab. His diagnosis was thus confirmed. The passenger’s flight details were also sent to the Peshawar Airport Manager to initiate contact tracing among the passengers of the same flight as the index case. This marks the 10th case of Mpox in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, with two cases seen in 2023, seven in 2024, and now one in 2025. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Social Trends Source : Published on : January 30, 2025 Outbreak, Surveillance, Mpox Outbreak due to unidentified toxic agent impacts Rajouri District in Jammu and Kashmir An outbreak that affected the Badhaal village in Rajouri district in Jammu and Kashmir led to 17 deaths, with over 38 people affected since December 2024. It has led to a multi-sectoral response by the State and Union governments to curb the outbreak. A Special Investigation Team (SIT ) led by the State police and supported by experts from the National Institute of Virology (NIV ), Pune, PGIMER Chandigarh, AIIMS, New Delhi, and National Centres for Disease Control (NCDC ), New Delhi was formed to investigate the possible causes. This was supplemented by an inter-ministerial team of experts from the M inistry of H ealth and F amily W elfare, the M inistry of A griculture & F armers’ W elfare, the M inistry of C hemicals and F ertilisers, and the M inistry of J al S hakti. Steps undertaken to control the outbreak - Active door-to-door surveillance has been carried out to screen residents for similar symptoms of high fever, body ache, vomiting, and unconsciousness , with 230 residents quarantined. Meanwhile, the police had also disallowed residents from drawing water from nearby wells and community feasting. Food is being supplied by the government under strict supervision. It seems to have been caused by an as-yet unidentified toxin . However, based on the symptoms, a neurotoxin is suspected after tests have turned out to be negative for all viruses, bacteria, or other pathogens. The search for the cause continues as rising deaths have led to the cancellation of leaves for healthcare staff in the district. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Social Trends Source : Published on : January 29, 2025 Outbreak Investigation, Epidemiology Empowering Sustainability: Remarkable Growth in India’s Renewable Energy Sector Non-Fossil Fuel Capacity: Total capacity, including nuclear energy reached 211.36 GW Solar Power: Showed the highest growth, with an increase of 20.1 GW (27.9%), rising from 72.02 GW to 92.12 GW and a total capacity of 250.57 GW when considering projects underway or tendered. Wind Energy: Grew by 7.8% rising from 44.29GW to 47.72GW Renewable Energy: Between April and October 2024, India added 12.6 GW of renewable energy capacity with 1.72GW added in October alone. Hydro and Nuclear Power: Hydropower contributed to 46.93 GW, while nuclear power accounted for 8.18 GW of the renewable energy mix. The expansion of renewable energy projects under implementation and tendered further accelerates India’s transition towards clean energy, reinforcing its commitment to sustainable development. Content Editor: Dr. Anubhav Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : January 29, 2025 Environment, Non fossil fuels, Fossil fuels, Sustainability Return of fluorosis in Nalgonda sparks concerns Following reports of cases of dental fluorosis detected in Marriguda Mandal of Nalgonda District, Hyderabad , the Department of Medicine and Health, Karnataka launched a household survey to identify cases of fluorosis in the district. Conducted by Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs), it was a door to door, household survey that covered over 34,800 contacts that tried to identify fluorosis symptoms in elderly and children . Over 100-150 cases of dental fluorosis and multiple cases of skeletal fluorosis were identified in the target age groups. This suggests a risk of relapse of fluorosis in a region that was free from the burden since 2020. The Nalgonda district has historically suffered from this scourge with over 1180 mandals affected. Mission Bhagirathi , launched in 2015 by the previous Karnataka government to supply potable water via taps was a successful initiative that ended the spread of cases. Authorities and activists have blamed faulty management of the water supply along with a use of groundwater rich in fluoride by reverse osmosis(RO) plants that led to consumption of rice and vegetables contaminated with fluoride rich water. In response, the government will analyze the survey data and plan further implementation of corrective measures. Content Editor: Dr. Manu District Flouride Monitoring Committee, Government of Telangana Source : Published on : January 28, 2025 Nutrition, Surveys, Water Pollution, Fluorosis Innovative Mango-flavored Tablet Shows Promise in Combating Intestinal Worm Infections A randomized trial published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases revealed that a mango-flavored tablet combining ivermectin and albendazole is more effective against soil-transmitted helminth (STH ) infections, especially Trichuris trichiura (whipworm), than albendazole alone. The study, involving 1,001 children in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Mozambique, showed cure rates of 97.2% for a three-dose regimen (FDCx3) and 82.9% for a single dose (FDCx1) , compared to 35.9% for albendazole alone . The treatment was safe, with mild gastrointestinal side effects resolving within 48 hours, and was well-accepted by children for its taste, smell, and texture. The fixed-dose combination (FDC ) also holds promise for treating Strongyloides stercoralis , which is resistant to albendazole but responsive to ivermectin. Researchers believe this FDC could enhance STH control efforts, supporting mass de-worming programs and individual treatments, potentially redefining global elimination goals. Further studies are planned to evaluate its broader implementation in endemic regions Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Lancet Source : Published on : January 28, 2025 Randomised Control Trial, Infectious Disease, New Drug, International Health News Marburg Virus Outbreak Suspected in Tanzania: WHO Issues Regional Alert The WHO has reported a suspected Marburg virus outbreak in Tanzania’s Kagera region, which experienced a similar outbreak in 2023. As of January 11, nine suspected cases, including eight deaths, have been identified. With healthcare workers among those affected, it underscores the risk of transmission in medical settings. Patients displayed symptoms like fever, headache, muscle pain, and bloody vomiting . Samples from two cases are under testing, with results pending. Kagera, near Uganda, Rwanda, and Burundi, is a transit hub, raising concerns about cross-border spread . The WHO rates the risk to Tanzania and the region as high due to the virus’s lethality and unknown origin but considers global risk low . No approved vaccines or treatments exist, complicating containment efforts. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP) Source : Published on : January 27, 2025 Marburg virus, International Health News, Viral Hemorrhagic Fever WHO Reports New Marburg Virus Outbreak in Tanzania’s Kagera Region The World Health Organization (WHO ) has announced a suspected Marburg virus outbreak in Tanzania's Kagera region, which had previously experienced an outbreak in 2023. On January 10, the WHO was informed of six suspected cases, five of them fatal, showing symptoms of viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF ), including headache, fever, muscle pain, diarrhea, and vomiting with blood. By January 11, the number of suspected cases had risen to nine , with eight fatalities. Health workers are among the suspected cases, highlighting the risk of transmission in healthcare settings. Although there is no approved treatment or vaccine for Marburg virus, an investigational vaccine was used in Rwanda's 2023 outbreak to protect health workers. Due to its high fatality rate , infections among health workers and the virus’s unclear source, the WHO has assessed the risk to Tanzania as high. Kagera’s location as a transit hub with significant cross-border movement adds to the regional risk. However, the global risk remains low , as Kagera is not near major international airports. Content Editor: Dr. Subhana Siyad Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy (CIDRAP) Source : Published on : January 18, 2025 Outbreak, Viral Haemorrhagic Fever From Heatwaves to Waistlines: The Climate-Obesity Relationship Climate change is emerging to be a contributor to obesity, which is also driven by a complex mix of genetic, behavioral, and social factors. Rising temperatures impact behavior, leading to reduced physical activity and changes in diet, especially in developing countries. Research studies found that a 1°C increase in temperature was linked to a 4% rise in children's BMI and a 2% increase in women's BMI . The studies showed a U-shaped relationship between temperature and BMI meaning higher rates of obesity at both high and low temperatures. Extreme heat also has long-term consequences, causing people to stay indoors and rely on more calorie-dense, processed foods due to higher agricultural prices and lower crop yields. The nutritional content of crops are also affected as climate change causes decrease in protein levels in staples like rice and wheat. Rising temperatures further affect obesity by decreasing energy expenditure through adaptive thermogenesis, a process that helps regulate body temperature. To combat these effects, experts emphasize solutions like increased physical education in schools and climate-resilient agricultural practices to improve nutrition and prevent obesity. Content Editor: Dr. Subhana Siyad John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Source : Published on : January 18, 2025 Climate Change, Obesity From Poverty Reduction to TB Control: The Success of Brazil’s Bolsa Família Program A landmark study conducted by Jesus GS, Pinto PFPS, Silva AF et al. involving 54.5 million low-income Brazilians demonstrated that conditional cash transfer programs like Brazil’s Bolsa Família Program (BFP) can help achieve global tuberculosis (TB) targets. Implemented in 2004, the BFP provides financial support to poor families on the condition that they meet specific health and education requirements. The study analyzed TB incidence, mortality, and case fatality rates between 2004 and 2015, comparing BFP beneficiaries (23.9 million) with non-beneficiaries (30.6 million). Results showed a significant reduction in TB cases and deaths among beneficiaries , with a more than 50% decrease in extremely poor individuals and 60% among indigenous populations. The improved access to food , reducing food insecurity and malnutrition —a key TB risk factor—was identified as a major reason for these outcomes. The study underscores the role of social protection programs in reducing TB burden , highlighting their potential to support global health goals, including the END-TB strategy and the Sustainable Development Goals . Content Editor: Dr. Subhana Siyad Barcelona Institute for Global Health ISGlobal Source : Published on : January 18, 2025 Cash Transfer, Tuberculosis Next chapter in Atmanirbhar Bharat: Indigenous Paracetamol production Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh unveiled the indegenously produced medication "Paracetamol" by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) on the 40th Foundation Day of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR) at the Dr. Ambedkar International Centre, New Delhi. In line with the goal of "Self-Reliant India," this invention by CSIR, which is affiliated to the Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India, intends to make India self-reliant in the production of paracetamol by lowering reliance on imported chemicals. Satya Deeptha Pharmaceuticals Ltd., a company based in Karnataka, will use this innovation to manufacture reasonably priced paracetamol domestically. Content Editor: Dr. Subhana Siyad Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : January 18, 2025 Drug Production India’s Surveillance Systems on Alert Amid Global Respiratory Illness Trends To address the growing number of respiratory disease cases in China, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW ) convened a Joint Monitoring Group (JMG ) meeting. The World Health Organisation (WHO) , Disaster Management Cell , Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) , National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) , and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) were among the organisations that sent experts to take part in the meeting. Following conclusions were drawn after the meeting: The surge in respiratory illnesses in China is linked to common seasonal pathogens like the Influenza virus, RSV, and HMPV, which are already circulating globally, including in India. India has a robust surveillance system in place for Influenza Like Illness (ILI ) and Severe Acute Respiratory Illness (SARI ), which is not showing any concerning trends. As a precaution, the ICMR will increase HMPV testing . According to data from recent preparedness drills, India is prepared to deal with an increase in respiratory infections, and its health systems are alert to new threats. Content Editor: Dr. Subhana Siyad Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : January 18, 2025 Respiratory Illness, Surveillance Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY Takes Off in Odisha, Strengthening Healthcare for Millions On 13th January 2025, Odisha took a step towards ‘Viksit Bharat’ and ‘Utkarsh Odisha’ by becoming the 34th state to implement the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB PM-JAY ), following a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the National Health Authority (NHA ) AB PM-JAY will converge with Odisha’s existing G opabandhu J an A rogya Y ojana (GJAY ), offering a health cover of Rs 5 lakh per family per year , with an additional Rs 5 lakh for women members . It will cover around 1.03 crore families (4.5 crore people) and provide access to nearly 2,000 medical procedures across 27 specialties. The scheme also benefits people aged 70 and above through the Ayushman Vay Vandana Card . The scheme will provide cashless treatment in over 29,000 empaneled hospitals, significantly benefiting Odisha’s tribal, underprivileged, and migrant populations. The impact of the program since its inception includes 8.19 crore hospital admissions, ₹1.13 lakh crore spent on healthcare for marginalized communities, In remote and conflict-prone areas, such as Bastar and Bijapur, hospital admissions have increased, In Madhya Pradesh, there was a 30-fold rise in hospital admissions, Additionally, access to cancer treatment has increased by 33% , improving early diagnosis and health-seeking behavior, especially among women. Content Editor: Dr. Subhana Siyad Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : January 18, 2025 Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY, Health Insurance Strengthen Monitoring and Evaluation of Food Products: GAO Recommendations to FDA The Food and Drug Association (FDA ) oversees nearly 80% of the United States’ food supply, including vegetables, fruits, processed and packaged foods, and seafood. Millions of Americans annually suffer from foodborne illnesses, highlighting the importance of food-related inspections . As per the G overnment A ccountability O ffice, the FDA has failed to meet the mandated inspection targets for domestic and foreign food facilities since 2018. Average annual domestic inspections by the FDA (2018-2023): 8,353; however, high-risk facilities were not inspected as mandated due to COVID-19 disruptions. Foreign inspections: Only 9% of the FDA's annual target of 19,200 foreign inspections were met in 2019, with an average of just 917 inspections per year. As of July 2024, the FDA had only 432 investigators, which is about 90% of its capacity, hampering inspection efforts. The Government Accountability Office (GAO ) recommended The US Congress should direct the FDA to determine and communicate realistic annual foreign inspection targets . The FDA should improve procedures to minimize incomplete inspections and establish a performance management process for food safety. Content Editor: Dr Tanya USGAO Source : Published on : January 17, 2025 Food Handling, Food Packaging, FDA Assessment of Uptake and Disparities in RSV Prevention Measures Among Infants: Insights from a US-based study In 2023, two new interventions to protect infants from respiratory syncytial virus (RSV ) became available in the United States: RSVpreF vaccine for pregnant individuals to be administered at 32-36 weeks gestation - RSVpreF, which protects infants through maternal vaccination, demonstrated an efficacy of 82% against severe RSV disease in the first few months of life. Nirsevimab , a monoclonal antibody for infants under 8 months - Nirsevimab was approved in the US for use in infants and showed high efficacy in clinical trials, with an 81% reduction in RSV-related hospitalizations. A study was conducted at Kaiser Permanente Northern California to assess the effect on uptake of RSVpreF and nirsevimab of various sociodemographic factors associated. Objective: To estimate the uptake of protective measures against RSV amongst mothers and infants born in at KPNC. Methods: Data from electronic medical records of infants born at KPNC to mothers aged 15 years to 49 years October 17, 2023 and March 31, 2024 was reviewed. Results: The results revealed that out of 17,251 infants, 77.5% received protection through either RSVpreF or Nirsevimab. 33.9% were exposed solely to RSVpreF, while 40.9% received only nirsevimab. A small percentage (2.7%) received both interventions. Notably, younger mothers were less likely to have received RSVpreF but more likely to have their infants receive nirsevimab. Conclusion: Nearly 80% of infants born during the RSV season received protection against the virus, with disparities in vaccination rates among different demographic groups. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Tanya JAMA Network Source : Published on : January 17, 2025 Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Communicable Diseases, Vaccines Re-evaluating Water Fluoridation: Cognitive Impact and Safety Concerns Water fluoridation, long considered a public health success for preventing tooth decay, is now debated due to its possible link to lower I.Q. scores in children. A recent JAMA Pediatrics study reviewed 74 studies from 10 countries, revealing an inverse relationship between fluoride exposure and cognitive abilities . Although fluoride levels in U.S. drinking water are typically low, nearly three million Americans consume water exceeding 1.5 parts per million. Critics question the necessity of water fluoridation, suggesting that topical fluoride from toothpaste and dental treatments may be sufficient . Former NIEHS director Linda Birnbaum highlights concerns about fluoride’s potential neurotoxicity and advises limiting exposure for pregnant women and infants. Advocates for further investigation urge an unbiased evaluation of fluoride’s safety and efficacy, warning that failure to address these concerns could erode public trust in health policies. A reassessment of fluoride’s role in public health remains critical. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Chinmay JAMA Pediatrics Source : Published on : January 16, 2025 Water Fluoridation, Public health measures Urgent Call to Address Cryptosporidiosis: A Neglected Threat to Child Health Cryptosporidiosis is a severe public health issue, causing acute diarrhea, malnutrition, developmental delays, and high child mortality, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, South America, and Asia. Responsible for 7.5 million cases and 200,000 child deaths annually , the disease primarily affects children under five. Existing treatment, nitazoxanide , is largely ineffective for malnourished or immunocompromised patients, leaving a critical need for better solutions. The Cryptosporidiosis Therapeutics Advocacy Group (CTAG ) is pushing for its inclusion in the WHO’s list of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) , which would drive global awareness, funding, and collaboration. Such recognition could enhance global awareness, increase funding, and foster collaboration, thereby catalyzing research efforts, expediting the development of treatments and vaccines, and encouraging pharmaceutical companies to invest through incentives like FDA priority review vouchers. Promising new treatments are currently in clinical trials, offering hope for effective solutions. Global action is essential to reduce cryptosporidiosis’s devastating impact on vulnerable populations, especially young children in low-income regions. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Chinmay Global Health Now (Johns Hopkins School of Public Health) Source : Published on : January 16, 2025 Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD), Cryptosporidiosis, International Health News National AYUSH Mission's Impact Highlighted in New Film Series The Ministry of AYUSH launched the film series "AYUSH for All: Holistic Health Care through National AYUSH Mission," showcasing the significant impact of the N ational A YUSH M ission (NAM ) in delivering affordable and holistic healthcare, particularly to rural and underserved communities. NAM Achievements Establishment of 167 integrated AYUSH Hospitals and upgradation of 416 hospitals and 5036 dispensaries . Integrated provision of AYUSH services in 2322 Primary Health Centres (PHCs) , 715 Community Health Centres (CHCs) , and 314 District Hospitals (DHs) . Supply of essential medicines to 996 hospitals and 12,405 dispensaries every year. Establishment of 3883 Yoga Wellness Centres , 1055 AYUSH Grams , and 12,500 Ayushman Arogya Mandirs . The Mission is working towards decreasing healthcare costs, expanding access to traditional healthcare, and promoting hollistic care across the nation. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Shayari Press Information Bureau of India Source : Published on : January 11, 2025 National AYUSH Mission Health Ministry Cracks Down on Fake Drug Network in Kolkata The Union Health Ministry, in collaboration with the Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO ) (East Zone) and Drugs Control Directorate, West Bengal authorities, conducted a raid in Kolkata, resulting in a significant seizure of counterfeit drugs. Spurious anti-cancer, anti-diabetic, and other drugs valued at approximately ₹6.60 crore were confiscated from 'M/s Care and Cure For You' in Kolkata. The drugs were falsely labeled as being imported from countries such as Ireland, Turkey, the USA, and Bangladesh but lacked proper import documentation , confirming their counterfeit nature. The wholesale firm's proprietor was arrested and placed in 14-day judicial custody to aid further investigation. Samples of the seized drugs have been sent for quality testing, and authorities are working to uncover the full extent of the illegal drug network. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Shayari Press Information Bureau of India Source : Published on : January 11, 2025 Drug Quality, Counterfeit Drug Prevention NAMASTE scheme in focus: 9th meeting reviews implementation of Manual Scavengers Act, 2013 Union Minister Dr. Virendra Kumar chaired 9th Central Monitoring Committee meeting to review Supreme Court orders on manual scavenging Only 257 districts have uploaded manual scavenging-free certificates ; Minister urged immediate compliance from remaining districts States/UTs directed to establish mandatory committees and commissions under MS Act, 2013 Government launched NAMASTE (N ational A ction for M echanized S anitation E cosystem) scheme to ensure safety of sewer workers , aiming for zero fatalities and mechanized cleaning last year. Meeting attended by National Commission for Safai Karamcharies officials and representatives from states, UTs, and central ministries Click here to read more. 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30-Headlines of the day (All) Public Health News Snippets 1-5th August, 2023 ICMR’s take on non - sugar sweeteners The non-sugar sweetener aspartame has been linked to adverse health outcomes , according to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR). IARC and the WHO-FAO Joint Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) jointly evaluated it. According to the report, there is "limited evidence" of possible human carcinogenicity. Aspartame is classified by the IARC as "potentially carcinogenic" to humans (IARC Group 2B), and the JECFA has reiterated that 40 mg/kg of body weight is the safe daily intake. The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has set guidelines for artificial sweeteners in line with risk assessments and ADI established by JECFA, aligned with Codex Alimentarius Commission standards. Content Editor: Dr. Ismail Rifai Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : Thursday, August 17, 2023 ICMR, FSSAI, Artificial Sweeteners Dengue outbreak in Bangladesh The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Bangladesh, has reported 69,493 confirmed Dengue cases from July 1 to August 7. The disease mortality was 327, and the case fatality rate was 0.47% . (DENV 2>DENV3). Six hospitals have been put in force to strengthen case management. The core areas enforced to enhance the management are Improvised Laboratory Facilities. Vector Control Activities. WHO has categorized Bangladesh as a ‘high’ risk area for Dengue. WHO has also emphasized strict vector control measures, especially in high-risk places (schools, workplaces, and residences) via Integrated Vector Management which aims at eliminating the adult and larval stages of Aedes mosquitoes. IVM includes the use of larvicides, including fogging and Personal protective measures. Content Editor: Akhila Nandan WHO news section Source : Published on : Thursday, August 17, 2023 Global Health, Dengue, Integrated Vector Management Inauguration of the Phase 2 of the Mass Drug Administration for Filariasis The Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare pledged to eliminate filariasis by 2027 during the inauguration of the 2nd phase of the Annual Nationwide Mass Drug Administration. The 2nd phase shall cover nine endemic states (Assam, Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Odisha, Telangana, and Uttar Pradesh). The minister has also emphasized the importance of a holistic approach toward achieving this goal. He also cited that both treatments, as well as prevention by vector control measures, should be the focus of action, which could be achieved by: The synergy between the state and central governments. Mass campaigns. Community engagement. Content Editor: Akhila Nandan Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : Thursday, August 17, 2023 Public Health Laws and Regulations, Filariasis Elimination, Mass Drug Administration, NVBDCP Railway Board emphasizes on Mental Health of RPF personnel The Railway Board has taken prompt measures to rectify a tragic event in which a Railway Protection Force (RPF) constable killed four persons on a moving train. To avoid such incidents in the future, a six-member high-level group was formed with a critical mandate: to recommend comprehensive mechanisms for examining the mental health of RPF personnel before they are entrusted with weapons . Their primary focus will be on the precaution that must be taken before issuing guns to RPF . The Railway Board has requested that the committee conduct a thorough evaluation of existing rules for both physical and mental health exams and submit a detailed report. The presumed psychotic diagnosis of the accused constable, Chetan Singh, was withheld from RPF authority, emphasizing the severity of the situation. By implementing the recommendations, the Board aims to strengthen the mental health evaluation process for RPF personnel, ensuring a safer and more secure environment. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay The Hindu Source : Published on : Thursday, August 17, 2023 Mental health , Health evaluation, Pre-placement Examination Somatic Experiencing for patients of chronic stress and PTSD Peter Levine invented and developed the bio-psychological working paradigm known as Somatic Experiencing® to comprehend, prevent, and treat post-traumatic stress disorder and chronic stress. An interventional study using Somatic Experiencing®, done on Breast cancer survivors, showed encouraging findings that support the use of this model to address the psychological effects of medical therapy and prolonged treatments for breast cancer. The study involved BC survivor women in Italy who had been diagnosed with Stage 0 to 3 mono- or bilateral breast cancer for up to 5 years, Had undergone surgery, Had never taken a Somatic Experiencing® course. The individuals, who were split into interventional and control groups, had : Their anxiety, depression, and distress (measured by HADS) Coping mechanisms (measured by Mini-MAC) Trauma reworking skills (measured by PACT) Body image (measured by BIS) examined At baseline, the survivors reported normal to borderline levels of depression and anxiety as well as a composite to impaired body image. At the conclusion of the eight online group sessions, the women in the intervention group displayed improved psychological health. They had a considerable reduction in their levels of anxiety, depression, and distress symptoms. Results indicate that this model may help in developing more effective coping strategies and trauma reworking skills in terms of a decrease in anxious preoccupation and a greater forward focus. Additionally, it was seen that most of the women in the interventional group had a positive change in their perception of their bodies. Content Editor: Dr. Subhana Siyad Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute Source : Published on : Thursday, August 10, 2023 Breast cancer, Mental Health, Stess New Parliamentary report highlights the escalating menace of Drug abuse in India Punjab, Haryana, Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Chhattisgarh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, NCT of Delhi, Odisha, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal are among the worst affected states wherein the drug problem was widespread among children and adults alike. Nearly 7 lakh children (10-17 years) are abusers of substances like tobacco, alcohol, cocaine, heroin, opioids, sedatives, and inhalants. The most common substance abuse among school and college goers was tobacco, additionally- Over 3 lakh children are using opioids Over 72000 consuming inhalants Over 18000 cocaine The problem is also similarly widespread among adults, with over 66 lakh total abusers. 21 lakh people are addicted to various kinds of opioids, including heroin. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay The Tribune Source : Published on : Thursday, August 10, 2023 Public health, Drug abuse, Addiction, Adolescent health WHO’S Tobacco Epidemic Report commends India for its efforts in controlling Smoking According to WHO report on the global tobacco epidemic: "Protect People from Tobacco Smoke, 2023"- The WHO's MPOWER policies have resulted in 300 million less smoking globally. The smoking prevalence fell from 22.8% to 17% from 2007-2021. Initiatives comprise of Tracking tobacco usage Providing quitting assistance Warning about tobacco harms Imposing tobacco advertising bans Hiking taxes. The report focuses on second-hand smoking that causes a major burden of many fatal diseases. It acknowledges India's achievements, with 85% of cigarette packs carrying warnings on both sides. India has also banned the sale of e-cigarettes and has comprehensive restrictions on tobacco advertising. Experts recommend additional measures such as Posting warnings on OTT platforms by actors Prohibiting the sale of cigarettes in bulk Advocacy for increased penalties for public smoking The city of Bengaluru has been specially mentioned because of the 27% decrease in smoking This can be attributed to- Excellent communication methods, Campaigns 'No Smoking' signage The city has gained worldwide acclaim for its tobacco control initiatives. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy Indian Express Source : Published on : Thursday, August 10, 2023 Tobacco control, Smoking, WHO Lupin pharmaceuticals revokes oral contraceptives batches in distribution. Lupin Pharmaceuticals Inc., Lupin's US subsidiary, has withdrawn two batches of Tydemy, an oral contraceptive, due to 'out of specification' outcomes at the 12-month stability check point. The recall is voluntary due to a considerable decrease in the amount of inactive content (ascorbic acid) in the product and went into effect following Lupin's notification to the US Food and Drug Administration on July 29. Tydemy lots that were impacted were distributed between June 3, 2022 and May 31, 2023. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay The Hindu Source : Published on : Wednesday, August 9, 2023 pharma, contraceptives Fortified flavoured milk delivery restarted for Anganwadi children in Vadodara The Vadodara Municipal Corporation's (VMC) Standing Committee has approved the restart of enriched flavoured milk delivery to Anganwadi children. During the Covid-19 epidemic in 2020, the distribution was halted. The ICDS department requested approval and a Rs 1.93 crore budget to offer fortified milk to 10,120 children at VMC Anganwadi six days a week. Originally, milk was planned to be delivered twice a week, but it will now be delivered six days a week. The fortified milk contains Vitamin D and Vitamin A and will be given to each child attending the Anganwadi, with a possibility of 200 ml if there's a health requirement. The proposal also seeks approval for making advance payments to Baroda dairy and Amul, which supply the fortified flavoured milk to around 436 Anganwadi in the city. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay Indian express Source : Published on : Wednesday, August 9, 2023 Nutrition, Fortification New vaccine to safeguard infants from hospitalization The United states center for disease control (CDC) approves a first ever vaccine against severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) disease. RSV is one of the most common causes of childhood respiratory sickness and the cause of death for 100 to 300 US children under the age of five per year. CDC found that use of the long-acting monoclonal antibody Nirsevimab, tradename BeyfortusTM, reduced the incidence of both hospitalizations and doctor visits for RSV in newborns by nearly 80%. CDC recommends single dose of Nirsevimab for all under 8 months, for their first RSV season and additional dose for immunocompromised children between the ages of 8 and 19 months. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy CDC Newsroom Releases Source : Published on : Wednesday, August 9, 2023 Immunization, Child health, RSV, Public health Bivalent Covid booster proven more efficient than 4th dose of monovalent strain According to an observational study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases, a fourth dose of the bivalent (two-strain) COVID-19 vaccine is significantly more effective against medical treatment and hospitalization than a fourth monovalent (single-strain) dose among both previously infected and never-infected individuals who had received three monovalent doses. The study involved 2,749,829 participants and found that those who had never been exposed to COVID-19, a fourth dose of the monovalent vaccine did not provide any further protection over three doses against symptomatic infection while dose four of the bivalent vaccine did. The bivalent vaccine targets both the wild-type virus and the Omicron variant , as opposed to the monovalent which only targets the wild-type SARS-CoV-2. Content Editor: Dr. Himabindu Reddy CIDRAP Source : Published on : Wednesday, August 9, 2023 vaccination, Covid, Public health, Research findings Early diabetes detection now possible with AI and x-rays US researchers developed an artificial intelligence model on chest X-rays. The AI analyses the distribution of fatty tissue and uses it to flag people with high risk of developing diabetes. It ensures early diagnosis in individuals who may not be regularly screened for non-communicable diseases for example individuals with low BMI. The AI presents an exciting opportunity to extract data from routine tests to improve patient care. The researcher are next aiming to examine how well these X-rays can identify diseases such as chronic obstructive lung disease and congestive heart failure. 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85-Headlines of the day (List) Public Health News Snippets 2 - 7th September, 2024 Smartphone-based sensor aims to revolutionize Parkinson’s disease management Parkinson's disease is caused by decreased dopamine levels, which can be managed by administering the right amount of L-dopa medication. However, too much or too little L-dopa can cause serious side effects or a return of Parkinson's symptoms. Researchers at the Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology (IASST) have developed an affordable, portable, smartphone-based sensor that can accurately detect L-dopa levels in the body. The sensor measures color changes using a 365nm LED and smartphone camera, allowing patients to monitor their L-dopa levels and adjust medication as needed. The sensor is made by coating a silk-fibroin protein nanolayer over reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles. These nanoparticles have photoluminescence properties that can detect L-dopa levels in blood, urine, and sweat. This simple, cost-effective tool could help Parkinson's patients in remote areas manage their condition more effectively. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Prachi Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : September 6, 2024 Innovation, Technology Sugar-sweetened beverages: 23% rise in intake A population-based study spanning children and adolescents across 185 countries was recently published in the British Medical Journal. The study analyzed the trends in the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) among them from 1990 to 2018. The study found that the intake of SSBs in the target population increased by almost 23%. The increase was heterogeneously distributed globally, with the highest amount in Latin America and the Caribbean (9.1 servings/week) and the highest in Africa (106%). The factors related to increased intake were: Older children (vs younger children) Urban areas (vs rural areas) Parents with higher education (vs lower education) These trends parallel those of obesity in these populations, thus possibly implicating the role of SSBs in increasing levels of obesity among children and adolescents. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Prachi British Medical Journal Source : Published on : September 6, 2024 Nutrition, Diet, Lifestyle, Obesity Third case of M-pox in Pakistan: Increased surveillance measures The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared the recent M-Pox outbreak a public health emergency due to the emergence of a new Clade 1b variant , known for its high transmissibility through close contact . Pakistan's first M-Pox case involved the Clade 2 variant, with a second case confirmed last week. On August 29, two travelers at Bacha Khan International Airport displayed M-Pox symptoms, with one testing positive. Authorities are ramping up surveillance and urging the public to remain vigilant, adhere to safety protocols, and report symptoms promptly. Authorities’ efforts to increase monitoring and enforce public adherence to safety protocols are critical to curbing the spread. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Dheenadhayalan V Social Trends Source : Published on : September 6, 2024 Outbreaks, Monkey pox, Surveillance UNICEF and partners launch emergency tender for Mpox vaccines UNICEF has issued an emergency tender for mpox vaccines in collaboration with the Gavi Vaccine Alliance, Africa CDC, and WHO. Depending on manufacturers' production capacity, agreements can be made for up to 12 million doses through 2025. UNICEF will set up conditional supply agreements with vaccine manufacturers, allowing for immediate purchase and shipment of vaccines once financing, demand, readiness, and regulatory requirements are confirmed. The WHO declared mpox a global public health emergency in August due to an outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo that spread to neighboring countries. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika Social trends Source : Published on : September 6, 2024 Mpox vaccine, disease outbreak Interim report on COVID-19 exposes significant financial irregularities. The inquiry commission, led by retired High Court Judge John Cunha, submitted its interim report on COVID-19 management irregularities to Chief Minister Siddaramaiah. The report covers purchases and procurements amounting to ₹6651 crore by various health departments and agencies in Karnataka. The report examines purchases related to medicines, rapid antigen test kits, COVID-19 management equipment, ventilators, and oxygen cylinders. It also investigates deaths due to oxygen shortages. The commission has a six-month extension to report on four BBMP zones and 31 districts. Chief Minister Siddaramaiah plans to table the report in the legislature during the upcoming winter session and promises action against those found guilty. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika Social trends Source : Published on : September 6, 2024 COVID 19, Outbreak, Economics Urgent polio vaccination campaign underway in Gaza The Gaza Strip is currently facing a critical public health crisis with the resurgence of polio, a highly contagious and potentially debilitating disease. A large-scale vaccination campaign has been launched to protect vulnerable children from the devastating effects of this preventable illness. The campaign aims: To administer 1.3 million doses of polio vaccine To approximately 640,000 children under five years of age Within a short timeframe of three days. The urgency of the campaign stems from the significant risk posed by the poliovirus, which can cause irreversible paralysis and even death in young children. Vaccinating young children is the most effective way to stop the spread of polio and protect vulnerable populations. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Shayari Social Trends Source : Published on : September 5, 2024 Polio Virus, Immunization, Outbreak, Disaster Google's AI for tuberculosis detection Google is working on an innovative AI system that could revolutionize tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. The AI analyzes audio recordings of patients' coughs and breaths to identify patterns associated with TB. This technology can significantly improve TB diagnosis, especially in resource-limited settings. The AI is being tested on a large cough and breathing recordings dataset. The technology aims to provide faster and more accessible TB diagnosis than traditional methods. This initiative could help tackle the global TB epidemic, which affects millions worldwide. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Shayari Social Trends Source : Published on : September 5, 2024 Tuberculosis, Artificial intelligence, Innovation, Technology Action against violence in hospitals: The recent mandates The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has issued a memorandum addressing the rising incidents of violence against doctors and healthcare staff in government hospitals. The directive, released by the Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS), highlights that many healthcare workers face physical violence and verbal threats , often from patients or their attendants, while on duty. To combat this issue, the memorandum mandates that the Head of the Institution must file an Institutional FIR within six hours of any violent incident against healthcare workers. This move aims to ensure prompt legal action and enhance the safety and protection of medical professionals in government facilities. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : September 5, 2024 Occupational health, Safety and security Jal Jeevan Mission: Process in water accessibility The Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM), launched by the Government of India in partnership with States, has made significant strides in providing potable tap water to rural households. As of August 2024, more than 15.04 crore rural households (77.87%) now have tap water connections, a substantial increase from 3.23 crore in August 2019. The mission also emphasizes community participation, with over 5.32 lakh Pani Samitis formed at the Gram Panchayat level and 24.64 lakh women trained to test water samples using Field Test Kits (FTKs). The mission's success is largely attributed to its digital monitoring systems , including the JJM dashboard and mobile app , which provide real-time data on water supply status across villages. Moreover, sensor-based IoT solutions are used to measure and monitor water quality, ensuring the supply meets BIS:10500 standards. Digital tools also enable the geo-tagging of assets and linking of AADHAR for targeted delivery, promoting transparency and accountability. Challenges such as water scarcity, geogenic contaminants, and technical capacity issues are being addressed through various government measures, including financial assistance and skill development programs. The mission's success is further bolstered by the Jal Shakti Abhiyan: Catch the Rain campaign , focusing on sustainable water management. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : September 5, 2024 Environmental health, Water access, National programmes Linkage between ambient and household air pollution to mortality: IIPS study findings A study conducted by authors of the Department of Public Health and Mortality Studies, International Institute for Population Sciences , combines data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 5 and the Greenhouse Gas and Air Pollution Interactions and Synergies model to estimate the effect of both household and ambient air pollution on mortality rates in India . The study found that: The odds of Neonatal, post-neonatal, and Child deaths are significantly higher in areas with PM2.5 levels above the recommended threshold by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). The odds ratio of Neonatal, Postneonatal, and Child deaths at >40μg/m3 PM2.5 was higher [1.86 (1.418–2.433), 2.04 (1.399–2.971), and 2.19 (0.999–4.803)], respectively, considering the PM2.5 at 0-10μg/m3 as the reference. The neonatal, child, and adult death rates were high with PM2.5 >40μg/m3, i.e., ambient air pollution alone without Household air pollution. Neonatal, postneonatal, child and adult deaths were substantially higher with ambient and household air pollution. A negative association was seen between unclean fuel use and adult mortality rates . The author explains that although there has been a high uptake of cleaner fuel as a source of cooking following the “Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana ,” a substantial proportion of households of lower socioeconomic strata did not refill after first usage due to cost issues. Hence, in the NFHS-5 survey, based on their response, they have been classified as using cleaner fuels, but in reality, they might be using unclean fuel sources. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala GeoHealth Journal Source : Published on : August 30, 2024 Research Findings, Air pollution, Mortality rates Vital statistics of Delhi 2023: The updates The Directorate of Economics and Statistics and Office of the Chief Registrar (Births and Deaths), Government of Delhi released the vital statistics report named Annual report on the “Registration of Births and Deaths in the National Capital Territory of Delhi for the year 2023 ” in August 2024. The vital statistics findings are as follows: Birth rate has increased from 14.24 in 2022 to 14.66 per 1000 population in 2023. Death rate has also increased to 6.16 in 2023 from 6.07 per 1000 population. Infant Mortality Rate has decreased from 23.82 to 23.61 per 1000 live births in 2023 as compared to 2022. Maternal Mortality Ratio has decreased from 0.49 to 0.45 per 1000 live births in 2023. Sex ratio of Delhi has decreased from 929 in 2022 to 922 per thousand males in 2023. Of the total registered births 52.02% were males, 47.96% were females while 0.02% were transgender/ambiguous. 95.58% of the births were institutional. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala Directorate of Economics and Statistics and Office of the Chief Registrar, Government of Delhi Source : Published on : August 30, 2024 Vital Statistics, Demography, Government reports Pledging for a “drug-free India” Two men were held in Maharashtra for the illicit trafficking of 900 psychotropic drug pills- one of the many cases being dealt with under the Narcotics Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act 1985. As India lies at the wedge between the Golden Crescent and Golden Triangle of illegal opioid production, it is a common route for the transport and trade of psychotropic drugs. According to the World Drug Report 2021, Amphetamine-type stimulants, Cannabis-type drugs, hallucinogens, opioids, both opiates and pharmaceutical opioids, and sedatives, among others, are the most commonly seizure drugs from India. These substances have been linked to Substance Use Disorders that are chronic and relapsing. At the inauguration of a zonal unit of the Narcotic Control Bureau in Chhattisgarh today, the Union Minister spoke about preventing substance abuse by giving foremost priority to preventing its illegal trade, strengthening the legal network of detection, and taking appropriate measures to punish those involved. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala Social Trends Source : Published on : August 30, 2024 Substance Abuse, Illegal drug trafficking Cautionary measures to tackle Mpox in India On 14th August 2024, the WHO declared Monkeypox or Mpox as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) for the second time since 2022. At the Joint Monitoring Group meeting, experts from the National Centre for Disease Control, Directorate General of Health Services, Indian Council of Medical Research, representatives of all Central Government Hospitals, and others discussed the current situation and required steps to deal with Mpox. The Cautionary measures discussed in the meeting on 16th August were as follows: Crossborder area (airports, seaports, ground) sensitization of health units. Preparation of laboratory requirements for virus testing at 32 centers across India Taskforce formation at all government hospitals ready to detect, isolate, and manage Mpox cases . Click here to read more . Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala Press information Bureau Source : Published on : August 30, 2024 Public Health Emergency of International Concern, Communicable Disease, Monkeypox Ban of 150 fixed-dose combination drugs The Indian government has banned 156 combination drugs , including painkillers, multivitamins, antibiotics, and drugs used for fatty liver with diabetes and irritable bowel syndrome. These Fixed Dose Combination (FDC) drugs are considered a potential risk to humans. The government-appointed Drugs Technical Advisory Board (DTAB) and an expert panel declared these FDCs to be "irrational, " the DTAB also discovered no medicinal basis for any of the components. Safer alternatives exist, and the FDC drugs pose risks to human health, and the Board recommended prohibiting them. The ban was issued under Section 26A of the Drugs and Cosmetics Act . The FDCs were considered risky for human use, so they were prohibited from being manufactured, sold, and distributed. Companies with supporting data can continue, while others must withdraw their products. The list includes hair treatments, anti-parasitic drugs, skincare products, and anti-allergic medications . This prohibition follows earlier measures, such as the outlawing of 344 combination medications in March 2016 and an additional 14 in June 2023, as part of a larger attempt to regulate the pharmaceutical industry. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Social Trends Source : Published on : August 29, 2024 Fixed Drug Combination (FDC), Drugs and Cosmetics Act, Public health laws Samagra Shiksha scheme: To promote menstrual health UNICEF India commended Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Mohan Yadav’s efforts to promote menstrual health among adolescents in the state. Rs 57.18 crore has been transferred to the accounts of 19 lakh school-going girls in Madhya Pradesh as part of a cash transfer scheme. The money was set aside for girls' students to purchase sanitary napkins, under the "Samagra Shiksha" scheme. The program's goal is to encourage girls in Classes VII through XII to practice good hygiene and cleanliness. UNICEF India is working with the government and stakeholders to raise awareness about menstrual health and school hygiene. The objective of this effort is to enhance the menstrual health and hygiene of teenage girls in Madhya Pradesh. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Social Trends Source : Published on : August 29, 2024 Menstrual Health, Reproductive health, Adolescent health A new employment code: Proposal by the National Medical Commission The National Medical Commission (NMC) has proposed a pay scale structure for interns, postgraduate students, super-specialty students, and medical college teachers to ensure fair compensation, job satisfaction, and attract high-quality faculty and students. Private practice for medical teachers should be prohibited to maintain quality of education. Medical teachers who focus solely on teaching should receive a non-practicing allowance. Implementing standardized pay scales, retirement policies, and rotational headship can enhance transparency and prevent toxic environments. The NMC's task force also recommended mentor-mentee programs, financial stability support helplines, and involving families in induction programs to improve the mental well-being of medical students. Duty hours should be restricted to 74 per week, with one day off, a 24-hour duty, and five 10-hour shifts. A 10-day vacation for undergraduate and postgraduate students is also recommended. A committee structure involving deans, department heads, and psychiatrists is proposed to address mental health challenges at the medical college level. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Social trends Source : Published on : August 29, 2024 Human Resources Management, Doctors pay scale Methylocucumis oryzae: A methane-eating bacteria discovered in Pune Researchers at the MACS (Maharashtra Association for the Cultivation of Science) Agharkar Research Institute (ARI) in Western India's wetlands, rice fields, and Vetal Tekdi found Methylocucumis oryzae, the first native methane-eating bacteria in India. This bacterium promotes early flowering and increases rice plant yield , helping in climate mitigation by oxidizing methane. Despite its unique size and slow growth rate, it poses challenges for large-scale cultivation and biotechnological applications. Due to its shape, this bacterium, named ‘methane-eating cucumbers’, promotes early flowering and increases yield in rice plants. These bacteria can reduce methane, a potent greenhouse gas, by oxidizing it, thus helping climate mitigation. Methane's global warming potential is 26 times greater than that of CO2. Methanotrophs help mitigate this by oxidizing methane. Methylocucumis oryzae is larger than most bacteria, promotes rice plant growth, and is phylogenetically unique. The slow growth rate of this methanotroph poses challenges for large-scale cultivation and biotechnological applications . No other Methy-locucumis species has been reported from any other nation. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Indian Journal of Microbiology Source : Published on : August 29, 2024 Methanotroph, Global warming, Climate change Cholera outbreak in Sudan The Sudanese Health Minister, Haitham Mohamed Ibrahim, officially declared the outbreak of cholera within Sudan after the WHO announced that 11327 cases of cholera with 316 deaths had been seen. The actual numbers are feared to be worse than reported. The announcement followed positive reports of cholera from samples of watery diarrhea sent to the Public Health Laboratory. Meanwhile, the recent monsoon period has worsened the situation, with cases of dengue and malaria on the rise. The conflict between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the insurgent Rapid Support Forces (RSF) has exacerbated the epidemic scenario. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Social Trends Source : Published on : August 29, 2024 Sudan, Cholera, Outbreak, Epidemics Outbreak of Sloth fever in Europe Spread by infected midges or some breeds of mosquito , the Oropouche virus, known as sloth fever/virus, was detected in Europe following outbreaks in South America. The common symptoms are fever, severe headache, chills, muscle aches, joint pains, and nausea/vomiting. More than 10,000 cases were seen in Brazil, Bolivia, Peru , and for the first time in Cuba, according to the Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO), including two fatalities in Brazil , who had no other known conditions. Six possible cases of mother-to-child transmission during childbirth were being investigated to understand infections during pregnancy, potential congenital disabilities, and risk of stillbirth due to the virus. 19 cases were reported for the first time in Europe with all affected having travelled to Brazil or Cuba. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) said the risk for travelers was moderate , while the risk of spread was low as the vector wasn’t found in Europe, and person-to-person transmission hasn’t been seen yet. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Social trends Source : Published on : August 28, 2024 Sloth Fever, Outbreaks, Epidemics Declaration of famine in Sudan’s North Darfur Zamzam camp Following 15 months of war in Sudan, the Integrated Food Security Phase Classification’s Famine Review Committee (IPC FRC) was established in the Zamzam camp in the northern Darfur region of Sudan, leaving a population of 7,55,000 vulnerable to food scarcity . An area is attributed to IPC Phase 5 Famine Classification when: It has at least one in five households facing an extreme deficiency of food, No less than 30 percent of children in the area are suffering from acute malnutrition Two for every 10,000 people are dying each day due entirely to starvation or to the interaction of malnutrition and disease. The lack of humanitarian access due to the war is the main reason behind the famine. UNICEF and the UN World Food Programme (WFP) call for a ceasefire to allow relief services access to the areas Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manu UN News Section Source : Published on : August 28, 2024 UNICEF, Famine, Disaster, Food insecurity Government directs enhanced safety measures in central hospitals The Government of India has directed all Central Government Hospitals, including AIIMS and other Institutes of National Importance (INIs), to enhance security measures . The directive highlights the increasing vulnerability of government hospitals to unauthorized access and violence against healthcare workers. The key measures includes: The installation of high-resolution CCTV cameras at strategic locations, stricter entry controls with mandatory identification for staff and visitors, and limiting the number of attendants with patients. Hospitals are also required to train staff in handling security threats , improve lighting in dark areas, and establish comprehensive emergency response plans. Additional provisions include setting up public address systems, ensuring female staff safety during night shifts, and appointing patient facilitators. Additional measures include providing secure rest areas for female staff on night shifts, appointing patient facilitators, and implementing comprehensive emergency plans. These actions aim to enhance security while maintaining public access and ensuring the safety of patients and healthcare workers. Contnet Editor: Dr. Sumana Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Source : Published on : August 28, 2024 Occupational safety, Job safety, Healthcare workers WHO urges Southeast Asia to prioritize rehabilitative and assistive technology services WHO Regional Director Saima Wazed urged South-East Asian countries to prioritize access to rehabilitative and assistive technology services. Rehabilitation services aim to restore dignity, hope, and societal participation , addressing needs such as low back pain, vision loss, fractures, and COPD. 590 million people in the region require rehabilitation services, which often face challenges such as inadequate coverage, a shortage of healthcare professionals, and insufficient services in primary health centers. Emphasis was placed on engaging and empowering communities, addressing inequalities faced by persons with disabilities, and strengthening the rehabilitation workforce to transform health and well-being for marginalized populations. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Anamika Social trends Source : Published on : August 28, 2024 Rehabilitative services, Assistive technology, Quality of life India's efforts for climate change and environmental protection India aims to achieve net zero emissions by 2070. This goal is outlined in India's Long-Term Low Greenhouse Gas Emission Development Strategies (LT-LEDS). To reduce emissions India is focusing on : Sustainable Cities: India is integrating climate adaptation and resource efficiency into urban planning through initiatives like the Smart Cities Mission, affordable housing programs, and improved sanitation. Improving Air Quality: The National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) is addressing air pollution by promoting cleaner fuels, electric vehicles, and banning open burning. Protecting Coastal Ecosystems: India is investing in protecting and restoring mangroves and coral reefs, improving coastal livelihoods, and combating pollution through initiatives like MISHTI. Regulatory Measures: Laws such as the Coastal Regulation Zone Notification and the Wildlife Protection Act safeguard coastal ecosystems. Click here to read more Content Editor: Shayari Nag Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 28, 2024 Climate Action, Environmental Health, Sustainable Climate Dangerous mix-ups: The risk of confusing drug names in India In India, identical or similar drug names pose serious health risks, as seen with drugs like 'Linamac' used for both cancer and diabetes treatments. Despite decades of complaints from the medical community, lax regulations persist, allowing multiple drugs with the same or similar names to be marketed. The fragmented regulatory system lacks a unified process to ensure unique drug names, leading to frequent medication errors . Activists have called for stricter regulations , similar to those in the U.S. and Europe, but political will is lacking. Recent incidents, such as the fatal cough syrup case in The Gambia , have highlighted these issues and may prompt overdue reforms in India's drug naming practices. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Ghurumourthy John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Source : Published on : August 14, 2024 Medications, Laws, Adverse events July 12: The international day of combating sand and dust storms Sand and dust storms (SDS) pose significant challenges to sustainable development, affecting economic, social, and environmental dimensions. These storms, driven by natural and human-induced factors like climate change and unsustainable land use, impact health, agriculture, livelihoods, and global socio-economic well-being . Approximately 2 million tonnes of sand and dust enter the atmosphere annually , originating primarily in dry, desert regions but traveling vast distances. SDS can cause respiratory and heart diseases, disrupt transportation, and impact agriculture, contributing to desertification. Recognizing the international concern over these impacts, the United Nations General Assembly proclaimed 12 July the International Day of Combating Sand and Dust Storms. Implementing sustainable water and land management practices is essential to mitigate these effects and achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 2, 3, 6, 8, 11, 13, and 15. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Ghurumourthy UN News Section Source : Published on : August 14, 2024 Disaster management, Sandstorms, Public health Plague in Colorado, USA There have been several global pandemics, but sporadic cases of bubonic plague, particularly in the United States, are still occurring . This July, one case of Bubonic Plague was also reported in Colorado. The plague was introduced to the United States in 1900 via rat-infested steamships , leading to urban epidemics, the last of which occurred in Los Angeles from 1924-1925. Since then, plague has spread to rural rodents in the western U.S., posing a significant risk to those living there. Most human cases have been reported in northern New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado, California, Oregon, and Nevada. Over 80% of cases are bubonic, with an average of seven cases annually. Plague affects all ages, with 50% of cases in individuals aged 12-45, and is slightly more common in men due to increased outdoor exposure. One case of the Bubonic Plague was reported from Colorado in July 2024, and the investigation is ongoing . Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr Ghurumourthy Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : August 14, 2024 Outbreak, Plague, Communicable disease Healthcare workers of the nation stand together: The need for workplace safety Workplace safety is an often discussed issue in Public Health. When it comes to healthcare professionals, it mostly concerns protection from biological, chemical and radiological agents. The inhumane and shocking circumstances around the death of a second-year postgraduate student inside a Medical College and Hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal, forces us to redefine what constitutes workplace safety not just for doctors but also every other health care professionals. In response to the notice released by the Federation of Residents Doctors Association India (FORDA) following the incident, the country witnessed a cease of elective services in hospitals across India as a mark of solidarity. The following were the demands by FORDA: Immediate acceptance of the demand of the doctors belonging to the RG Kar Medical College, where the incident took place. Justice for the victim Ratification of the Healthcare Protection Act by formation of a committee of healthcare professionals. Release and implementation of security protocol for healthcare workers. It is deeply distressing that a doctor has to endure such a heinous crime; this raises serious concerns about the safety of any individual in an organized workplace, not to mention those in unorganized sectors. It’s high time that we acknowledge and address this aspect of workplace safety with priority. Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala Social Media Source : Published on : August 14, 2024 Workplace safety, Violence, Humanity Improper sleep and type 2 diabetes mellitus: The non-linear relationship Participants with irregular sleep patterns (where day-to-day sleep duration varied by more than 60 minutes) had a 34% higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes compared to those with regular sleep. Even after accounting for lifestyle, comorbidities, family history, and obesity indicators, the risk persisted, emphasising on the point that consistent sleep patterns are crucial for reducing diabetes risk. The study discovered a nonlinear connection (p nonlinearity 0.0002), with a 34% higher incidence of diabetes (95% CI 1.22, 1.47) in those whose sleep length SD was >60 min as opposed to ≤60 min. The within-person standard deviation of the 7-day sleep duration recorded by wrist-worn accelerometers was used to quantify the variability in sleep lengths. Those with greater sleep duration (P interaction < 0.0009) and a lower diabetes polygenic risk score (PRS; P interaction ≤ 0.0264) showed a stronger connection irrespective of genetic predisposition. The study identified consistent sleep as a strategy to lower the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes , and it can help mitigate risks like reducing swings in hormones, including cortisol, which affect blood sugar levels. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham American Diabetes Association Source : Published on : August 12, 2024 Lifestyle, Noncommunicable diseases, Public health Nigeria grapples with newborn antibiotic resistance crisis Colistin is among the few antibiotics that are still useful in treating illnesses like pneumonia and eliminating microbes. The World Health Organisation considers it to be extremely significant for human medicine. The study, recently published in Nature Communications Journal, surveys the presence of mobile colistin resistance gene (mcr) genes in Nigeria, a country with limited clinical use of colistin. 4907 rectal swabs were collected from mothers and neonates across three hospital sites in Nigeria, 47 of which (40 from mothers and seven from neonates) carried mcr genes across a range of bacterial species. The mcr genes were found in 46 Enterobacter species, and single isolates of Shigella, E. coli, and Klebsiella quasipneumoniae. Although the prevalence during the 2015-2016 collection was low, the diversity of mcr-gene types and the range of bacterial species are concerning. The introduction of colistin in medical settings could rapidly select and expand resistant isolates. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Nature Communications Source : Published on : August 12, 2024 Antibiotic Resistance, One Health, Public health ABHA- based scan and share: Enhancing OPDs digital efficiency. The Government of India's ABHA-based Scan and Share system , launched in October 2022, is significantly enhancing outpatient department (OPD) registrations across the country. The initiative has benefited over 3.87 crore patients by streamlining the registration process through QR codes at hospitals registered on the Health Facility Registry (HFR). More than 5,800 public healthcare institutions have adopted this system, with over 2,400 hospitals actively using it to serve 1.80 lakh patients daily. To support this digital transformation, the National Health Authority (NHA) and state governments have provided training, financial incentives, and patient awareness campaigns. The initiative is further strengthened by the introduction of a "Scan and Pay" feature, currently being piloted, allowing patients to pay for diagnostic services via mobile applications and a unified health record linkage system . Additionally, diagnostic labs are integrating with the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) to deliver lab reports digitally, ensuring patients can access their results remotely, thus reducing logistical and financial burdens. This ongoing effort not only aims to enhances the efficiency of OPD services but also contributes to the broader goal of making public healthcare more accessible and affordable for all . Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 12, 2024 Health service, Health programme, Universal health coverage Technology and diabetes care: A step forward in digitization of healthcare A new software application has been developed by the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS ) to improve diabetes care at the basic healthcare level , which is based on the Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS ). This software can provide treatment recommendations based on patient data , such as blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels. Clinical Decision Support Systems (CDSS) are computer tools that help doctors make better patient care decisions by analyzing patient data and offering evidence-based recommendations. They've proven effective in improving cardiovascular care by aiding in screening, treatment, and patient education. A nine-year study involving over 1,100 patients demonstrated the software's effectiveness in reducing diabetes complications . Patients using the software achieved better blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol control than those receiving standard care. The software is intended to be used by healthcare providers in areas with limited access to specialized diabetes care. The software is designed to work with electronic health records and can be operated by non-medical staff with basic computer skills. As part of its commitment to advancing the digitization of healthcare throughout the nation, A yushman B harat D igital M ission is supporting this important project. All ABDM-enabled HMISs will be free to integrate with the CDSS, making it accessible at all ABDM-enabled healthcare facilities nationwide . Content Editor: Dr Sakshi Aggarwal Social Trends Source : Published on : August 12, 2024 Diabetes, Software, Innovation, Technology India's doctor-population ratio: A milestone achievement surpassing the WHO recommendations The doctor-population ratio in India is 1:836 , which surpasses the WHO standard of 1:1000. As of July 2024, 13,86,136 allopathic doctors and around 5.65 lakh AYUSH doctors were registered with the National Medical Commission (NMC) and State Medical Councils. India has 731 medical colleges, offering 72,627 PG seats and 1,12,112 MBBS seats annually. India also has around 38.49 lakh registered nurses. The government has taken measures to improve medical education facilities, considering both the quality of healthcare services and the quantity of healthcare professionals : Approving new medical colleges and increasing MBBS and PG seats Upgrading and strengthening the existing ones. Recognition of DNB qualification. However, this ratio varies significantly across countries due to differences in healthcare systems, population density, and other factors. For instance, in the United States, it is approximately 1:400, China has 1:1500, and Cuba remarkably maintains a ratio of 1:170. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Source : Published on : August 9, 2024 Health care delivery system, Universal health coverage Telangana: The best state for organ donation and transplantation On the 14th National Organ Day 2024, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare(MoHFW) awarded Telangana State the title of best state for organ donation and transplantation. In 2023, the state's donation rate reached 5.48 per million population (pmp) , surpassing India's average donation rate of 0.8 pmp by a substantial margin. The Jeevandan Cadaver Transplantation Programme , started by the Telangana state Government in 2013, contributed significantly to this accomplishment. Since its establishment in January 2013, Jeevandan has enabled the collection of 5,541 organs and tissues from 1,465 deceased donors. Also, Yashoda Hospital, Secunderabad, was recognized as the best private hospital with the highest cadaver donation. As of July 2024, there are 40 recognized facilities in Telangana that are authorized to perform cadaver transplants. Every transplantation has the potential to save up to 8 lives, underscoring the urgency to enhance the nation's capability for cadaver transplantations. Content Editor: Dr Swathi Shenoy Social trends Source : Published on : August 9, 2024 Organ donation, Transplantation, Public health Resurgence of Mpox: New variant raises concerns The first two cases of monkeypox (Mpox) have been identified in Uganda , in the towns of Mpondwe and neighboring Bwera, in Kasese's western border district. This follows the rise in cases in the provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The African Union has allotted $10.4 million in financing to tackle the outbreak throughout the continent. The DRC was the site of the first human cases of monkeypox in 1970. It primarily spreads from infected animals to people and affects some countries in West and Central Africa. The global outbreak of Mpox infections that started in 2022 was caused by Clade II, which was sexually transmitted. The World Health Organization proclaimed a public health emergency of international concern, which was resolved in May 2023. Out of over 90,000 cases in 111 countries, about 140 people died. A novel variation of Mpox, formerly referred to as monkeypox, has been detected in the DRC and its adjacent nations. This strain's Clade Ib subclade is more deadly and contagious, resulting in skin rashes all over the body. The Africa Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has also initiated efforts such as improved vaccination access, testing, data gathering, and monitoring. Content Editor: Dr. Shubham Social Trends Source : Published on : August 9, 2024 Mpox, infectious diseases, Pandemic potential India’s step towards climate change India has identified three primary categories for climate adaptation priorities: Knowledge Systems : Enhancing understanding of climate change risks and adaptation strategies. Risk Exposure Reduction : Implementing measures to decrease vulnerability to climate-related risks. Resilience and Adaptive Capacity : Strengthening the ability to withstand and adapt to climate impacts. To support these priorities, India has enacted the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC) , which establishes a comprehensive framework for climate initiatives through various national missions. Each State and Union Territory has developed its own State Action Plans on Climate Change (SAPCC) tailored to address specific regional climate and disaster management challenges. In August 2022, India revised its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) to bolster its commitment to the global response to climate change, as outlined in the Paris Agreement. A key feature of the updated NDC is the introduction of the Mission ‘LiFE’ (Lifestyle for Environment) , aimed at encouraging responsible consumption by influencing the behaviors and attitudes of individuals and communities. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Tanya Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 9, 2024 Climate Change, Disaster Management Zika virus action plan: The country's comprehensive efforts to combat the outbreaks The Government of India has unveiled an ‘Action Plan for Managing Zika Virus Disease ,’ outlining comprehensive public health strategies for combating outbreaks. The plan includes technical guidelines for vector management and community engagement. Under the National Health Mission, funds are allocated to states for preventive measures like breeding checkers, fogging, and training. Under the action plan, the Integrated Disease Surveillance Programme (IDSP) will monitor and respond to Zika outbreaks and the other 33 outbreak-prone diseases. Each state will have designated labs, such as DPHLs and SRLs, for disease investigation and surveillance. From 2017 to July 2024, India reported 537 Zika cases. The recent updates show 13 cases in 2024 , with the state-wise distribution as follows: Maharashtra-10 Karnataka-3 From 2017 to 2024, the key states with the highest burden include Madhya Pradesh (260), Kerala (97), and Uttar Pradesh (150). Additionally, the Ministry supports state health infrastructure and provides technical assistance and integration with various schemes. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : August 8, 2024 Viral disease, Vector-borne disease, Outbreak Daily News Snippets Monthly Archives 01-10 February, 2024 View More 14-20 January, 2024 View More 19-25th November, 2024 (26) View More 23-31stOctober, 2023 (18) View More 28-31 January, 2024 View More 7-13 January, 2024 View More 5-11th November, 2023 (5) View More 15-21st October, 2023 (12) View More 21-27 January, 2024 View More 26-30th November, 2024 (20) View More 01-04th November, 2023(4) View More 08-14th October, 2023 (5) View More 24-30th September, 2023 (5) View More 01-09th September, 2023 (11) View More 13 - 19 th August , 2024 (5) View More 23-31st July, 2023 (28) View More 17-23rd September, 2023 (10) View More 27-31st August, 2024 (16) View More 6-12th August, 2024 (16) View More 16-22nd July, 2023 (9) View More 10-16th September, 2023 (9) View More 20-26th August, 2024 (20) View More 1-6th August, 2023 (25) View More 1-8th July, 2023 (5) View More Subscribe to get Latest Public Health Updates SUBSCRIBE

62-Headlines of the day (All) Public Health News Snippets 18-24th March, 2024 India’s declining TFR trend- Predictions of a GBD study secondary analysis The I nstitute for H ealth M etrics and E valuation (IHME) used a forecasting model based on the average number of females born to women belonging to a specific birth cohort, known as “completed cohort fertility at 50 years of age” . The study findings were as follows: The global T otal f ertility r ate (TFR ) declined to half from 1950 to 2021 (4.8 to 2.2). 49 countries are predicted to have fertility rates above replacement levels by 2050 , while 6 will remain so in 2100. India with a TFR of 1.91 in 2021, was projected to decrease to 1.29 in 2050 and 1.04 in 2100 gradually. Projections were made with alternative scenarios and the TFR was reported as (for India): Meeting the SDG target of education by 2030- 1.22 by 2050 No unmet need for contraception as per the SDG target- 1.20 by 2050 Pro-natal policies- 1.49 by 2050 Combining all-1.35 by 2050 The study comes as a warning to the governments to plan their policies accordingly keeping in mind the expected changes in fertility indicators. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Urmimala The Lancet Source : Published on : March 23, 2024 at 2:00:00 PM GBD, Global Burden of Diseases, Fertility, Research Findings A revolutionary step for increasing accessibility for the PwD Recently, the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, under the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, took a striding step by signing 3 MoUs . These MoUs will help transform the way information regarding persons with disabilities is accessed and disseminated. This collaboration will help in delivering a platform that will provide the following services: Facilitate registration and follow-up of accessibility issues Provide information and important links related to legal issues Provide a platform for information related to government schemes Provide access to various documents Each of the MoUs signed was in partnership with the following: I-STEM , D hananjay S anjogta F oundation, and the N ational A ssociation for the B lind- will provide the technical support for the platform V ision D ivyang F oundation- to offer guidance regarding eligibility for various government schemes N ational A ssociation for the B lind- to make documents related to PwD accessible to them At the same time, an MoU was also signed between CSIR-CSIO and ALIMCO for designing, developing, and manufacturing various rehabilitative and assisted technologies. These steps will ensure inclusivity and aim for the rehabilitation of PwD . Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Swathi Shenoy Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : March 23, 2024 at 2:00:00 PM Accessibility, Rehabilitation, Person with Disabilities Pey Jal Survekshan- an initiative to foster healthy competition among cities As a part of mission AMRUT 2.0, P ey J al S urvekshan (PSJ ) was launched to evaluate the achievements in providing the following services: Water supply - quantity, quality, and coverage Sewerage and septage management The extent of reusing and recycling of water Conservation of water bodies In September 2022, a survey was conducted to assess them, and over 5.21 lakh household replies were registered. The first edition of these PSJ awards will focus on the water-linked services in 485 AMRUT cities. A set of nine awards each was awarded to the cities and the states, respectively, for their exceptional performance. The AMRUT Mitra initiative was also launched, wherein the role of women in urban water management was emphasized. This will further help uplift women's socioeconomic status and empowerment. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Swathi Shenoy Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : March 23, 2024 at 2:00:00 PM Environment, Water, Sewage, and Water Quality Green healthcare innovation: Banana fiber-based wound dressing for sustainable healing Researchers at India's I nstitute of A dvanced S tudy in S cience and T echnology (IASST ) have developed an eco-friendly wound dressing material using banana fibers from the country's surplus banana pseudo stems. The researchers mixed banana fibers with biopolymers like chitosan and guar gum to form a strong patch with antioxidants. Additionally, they also incorporated an extract from the Vitex negundo L. plant for drug release and antibacterial effects. The manufacturing process is economically friendly and non-toxic with locally available materials. This eco-friendly option has wide-ranging uses, potentially helping farmers and lessening environmental harm. The innovation's potential to revolutionize wound care and its recent publication was highlighted in the International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, underscoring its significance in biomedical research. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : March 23, 2024 at 2:00:00 PM Sustainable Treatment, Ecofriendly treatment, Wound dressing International commitments against cervical cancer Cervical cancer is a major concern for women, particularly in low and middle-income countries. To combat this, the World Health Organization recommends administering the HPV vaccine in a single shot, which can help prevent cervical cancer. Many countries have pledged to work together to eradicate cervical cancer , with 37 countries adjusting their vaccine plans to support this goal. While some countries, such as Indonesia, are sticking to their existing plans, others like the Democratic Republic of Congo, Ethiopia, and Nigeria are promising to provide the HPV vaccine quickly to girls aged 9-14. Ethiopia aims to achieve a 95% vaccination rate, while Nigeria is targeting 80% through schools and outreach activities. In 2022, vaccine distribution, supply, and COVID-19-related issues resulted in only 20% of girls receiving the HPV vaccine, and few women in low and middle-income countries underwent cervical cancer screening. The majority of cervical cancer deaths occur in these countries, underscoring the need for urgent global action. Both Colombia and Spain have made the elimination of cervical cancer a priority, with Colombia hosting the first-ever Global Forum for Cervical Cancer Elimination. The Spanish government is committed to fighting this disease and promoting gender equality. Spain's feminist foreign policy aims to address health challenges such as cervical cancer, emphasizing the importance of political will and collective efforts in fighting this disease. Content Editor: Dr. Rashmi Verma WHO News Section Source : Published on : March 23, 2024 at 2:00:00 PM Cervical Cancer, HPV Vaccine, International Health News Mumps outbreak in Kerala The symptoms of mumps start with a low-grade fever, headache, body ache, and malaise and take two to four weeks to appear. The enlargement of the salivary glands is the most characteristic sign of the illness. The Kerala State Surveillance Unit of the Directorate of Health Services data shows that there have been: 2777 cases of viral infection this month and 11739 cases in the little over two months of this year. Officials said that the majority of the cases were coming from the Malappuram district and other areas in north Kerala. Kerala's vaccination reluctance has historically been greatest in the district of Malappuram. An immunization expert, who wished to remain anonymous, stated that the "MMR vaccination makes no sense for a government programme because it doesn't protect against the mumps as well as it does against measles and rubella, where more than 90% of people can be protected with just two doses." Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Report of Kerala State Surveillance Unit Source : Published on : March 22, 2024 at 1:30:00 PM Disease Outbreak, IDSP, Mumps Empowering millets: Insights from the expert meeting CSIR-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research (NIScPR) held an expert review meeting on enhancing nutritional security through millets. It was highlighted that there has been a 60% decline in millet cultivation since 1950 and now requires immediate policy intervention. Emphasis was given to the dietary shifts post-green revolution and the importance of raising awareness among farmers. As proposed in the meeting, a dedicated millet board was also initiated to coordinate policy efforts. An overview of the current status and plan forward was given with insights from industry stakeholders and experts. The event aimed to shape policies for nutritional security and sustainable health through millets in India. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : March 22, 2024 at 1:30:00 PM Food security, Nutrition, Millets Current coverage of the FSSAI's 'Eat right station' initiative" FSSAI's Eat Right Station initiative certified 150 railway stations nationwide, enhancing food safety. The certification process involves strict audits and training to ensure adherence to hygiene standards. A few notable certified stations include New Delhi, Varanasi, Kolkata, and Hyderabad. The initiative ensures safe, nutritious food for passengers and boosts vendors' credibility. Six metro stations, such as Noida Sector 51 and Esplanade (Kolkata), were also accredited. Various stakeholders, including Indian Railways and state FDAs, play important roles in the certification process. FSSAI plans to extend the program to cover all major railway and metro stations, promoting health. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Sumana Mukhopadhyay Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : March 22, 2024 at 1:30:00 PM Food safety Empowering ear health: Transforming perceptions for universal hearing care Hearing loss is referred to as an “invisible disability ” because of the absence of visible symptoms and lack of action by policymakers due to stigmatizing mindsets. On March 3rd, 2024, the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, organized awareness programs on the prevention and management of hearing loss through various national institutes and regional centers, namely: Ali Yavar Jung National Institute of Speech and Hearing Disabilities (Divyangjan), Mumbai : organized free hearing screenings for people of all age groups National Institute for Empowerment of Persons with Multiple Disabilities (NIEPMD), Chennai : organized training program for airport authorities at Chennai Airport. Composite Regional Center (CRC), Chhatarpur : conducted an audiologists-centric webinar on hearing impairment CRC, Nagpur : organized an awareness program. CRC, Rajnandgaon : hosted an awareness rally, a drawing competition, and a hearing aid distribution program. Shantiniketan Ratanpally and Vivekananda Adivasi Kalyan Samiti, Birbhum : showcased banner displays, dance performances, and poetry recitations by female students. CRC Davanagere, CRC Lucknow, and CRC Bhopal : organized awareness programmes on World Hearing Day. Content Editor: Dr. Tanya Tanu Social Trends Source : Published on : March 22, 2024 at 1:30:00 PM Hearing Loss, World Hearing Day How can we improve a child's environment? In an era where environmental pollution and climate change are increasingly affecting the health, development, and future of children, WHO and UNICEF have come up with a free online course to address these concerns. It aims to enhance the knowledge and resources of healthcare providers and reduce the risks effectively. Some of the key topics that are being addressed by this online course consist of the following: Air pollution, Climate change, Lead, and pesticide toxicity E-waste The online course provides comprehensive and in-depth knowledg e and exploration of children’s environmental health. It also addresses the health sector, where providers have limited knowledge to recognize, assess, and manage environment-related diseases. With this course, they aim to fulfill the right to safeguard the well-being of every child. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr Soundhar WHO News Section Source : Published on : March 21, 2024 at 2:30:00 PM Child Health, Environmental health Enhancing self-reliability in Africa- a venture by the CDC and UNICEF The Africa CDC and UNICEF have joined forces to improve healthcare in Africa . Their prime focus is enhancing medical supply management, promoting local manufacturing, and being prepared to handle emergencies. The primary objective of this partnership is to ensure that more children in Africa receive timely vaccinations . UNICEF reported that 12.7 million African children did not receive complete vaccinations in 2021, with 8.7 million receiving none. This partnership aims to address these disparities in vaccination , which were further exposed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Africa heavily relies on imported vaccines and medicines, which poses a significant challenge. The African CDC aims to address this by increasing local vaccine manufacturing . They aim to produce 60% of Africa's vaccines by 2040 to ensure timely access to essential healthcare needs. Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Rashmi Verma UNICEF Source : Published on : March 21, 2024 Immunisation, International Health News, UNICEF How does gender inequality affect the health systems? A new World Health Organization report, "Fair Share for Health and Care, " shows how underappreciating care work, mostly done by women, harms everyone. Uneven burden : Women perform most unpaid care work (76%) while making up 67% of the paid healthcare workforce. This unpaid labor decreases their participation in paid jobs and weakens their economic power. Undervaluing caregiving : Poor compensation and working conditions in caregiving (a female-dominated field) hurt wages, productivity, and the entire health sector. Global care crisis : Underinvesting in health systems creates a vicious cycle. Weak health systems lead to more unpaid care work for women, overburdening caregivers, and poor healthcare quality. The problem worsens with the lack of full health coverage. The solution: “Invest in Equality” - WHO urges investing in valuing all health and care work. This includes improving work conditions, promoting equal pay, and supporting caregivers. Stronger health systems that recognize care work are needed for better health outcomes and a more equitable world. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Kelkar WHO News Section Source : Published on : March 21, 2024 International Health News, Gender Equality Rapid syndromic PCR test - A miracle in case of pneumonia Adults (total of 374) who came to the emergency department (ED) between September 25, 2020, and June 1, 2021, with symptoms of CAP, were enrolled in the trial , which was run and overseen by researchers at Haukeland University Hospital in Bergen, Norway. Patients were randomly assigned to receive either standard-of-care microbiologic methods (blood culture, pneumococcal urine test, and an in-house PCR test) or rapid syndromic PCR testing using the BioFire FilmArray Pneumonia Plus panel (FAP Plus), which detects 27 bacterial and viral respiratory pathogens. Patients with suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) were more than three times more likely to receive pathogen-directed antibiotic treatment if they had quick syndromic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing , according to the experiment than if they underwent traditional microbiological testing. Additionally, they got pathogen-directed therapy more quickly. Rapid syndromic PCR testing, according to the researchers, may be used in place of or in addition to culture-based diagnostic methods for patients with lower respiratory infections. The results were published in JAMA Network Open. As per the researchers, "a faster microbiological diagnosis allows for directed therapy , which has been shown in previous studies to improve outcomes, limit antibiotic overuse, and prevent antimicrobial resistance." Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Sakshi Aggarwal Center for Infectious Disease Research and Policy Source : Published on : March 21, 2024 New Updates, Communicable Diseases Accelerating towards ending malarial deaths At Yaoundé in Cameroon, Ministers of Health from African countries with the highest burden of malaria, especially 11 countries contributing to 70% of the global burden of malaria , signed a declaration towards accelerated action to end deaths from the disease in this region. The aims of the conference were as follows: To review the progress and challenges in achieving the targets of the WHO global malaria strategy To plan mitigation strategies and provide funds for the same To make strategies and responses for accelerated malaria mortality reduction in Africa To establish a roadmap for increased political commitment and societal engagement in malaria control. The WHO and the RBM Partnership to End Malaria launched the ‘ High Burden to High Impact’ approach in 2018, which was echoed in the Declaration. The approach thus will focus on the following: The political will to reduce malaria deaths Using information strategically to drive impact Better guidance, policies and strategies, and a coordinated national response Click here to read more Content Editor: Dr. Manu Goel WHO News Section Source : Published on : March 21, 2024 Communicable diseases, Malaria, WHO An update about infectious disease outbreaks across the world In South America, dengue cases witnessed a surge in numbers. Brazil reported more than 1 million suspected cases of dengue according to a surveillance report revealed by their Health Ministry. This led to a response by the Government to increase production of dengue tests and the launch of a vaccination drive through its public system. Meanwhile, Peru declared a dengue emergency in 20 out of 25 districts, outpacing the record level of dengue cases in 2023. The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) reported outbreaks of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) among commercial poultry flocks across five states in the United States. Four other states reported outbreaks of HPAI among backyard flocks. The USDA moved swiftly to mitigate the spread of these infections among animals and from animals to humans. In Africa, Nigeria reported a new polio case in the Kano state involving the circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2. This boosted the country’s total of cases in 2023 to 82. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Goel Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Policy Source : Published on : March 19, 2024 Infectious diseases, Disease Outbreaks M. pneumoniae infections on the rise in the United States According to a report published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae are on the rise in the United States. Among school-aged children, M. pneumoniae is a common cause of respiratory infections. The data collected from the CDC’s National Syndromic Surveillance Program (NSSP) and New Vaccine Surveillance Network (NVSN) during three periods – pre-, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic showed that while infections caused by this pathogen decreased during the pandemic period compared to pre-pandemic levels, they were on the rise in the post-pandemic period. The report concluded that healthcare providers should include M. pneumoniae in their differential diagnoses of community-acquired pneumonia during the fall and winter respiratory illness seasons. It also highlighted the need for continued surveillance of such infections and macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae infections in the United States. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Goel Center for Disease Control and Prevention Source : Published on : March 19, 2024 Infectious disease, International health News, Disease Outbreaks Rising number of measles cases in the United States As measles cases rise across the United States, Chicago has reported its second case this year. One case involved a child recovering from measles at a migrant shelter in Pilsen. The Chicago Department of Public Health is verifying residents' vaccination status and offering vaccines to the unvaccinated. The other case, Chicago's first since 2019, involved an individual exposed to domestic and international travelers. However, the infection source is still unknown. The health department is actively tracing exposures, particularly at Swedish Hospital and on a specific bus route. These Chicago cases reflect the national trend, with the Centers for Disease Control reporting 45 total U.S. cases this year across 17 states. In January, the CDC had anticipated this increase due to global trends and decreasing vaccination rates. The recent local and national cases underscore the critical importance of high vaccination rates to prevent outbreaks . Content Editor: Dr. Chinmay Kelkar Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Policy Source : Published on : March 19, 2024 Measles, Disease Outbreak, Infectious diseases, International Health News How has the air quality been in February 2024? The Centre for Research on Energy and Clean Air published a report detailing the air quality status across India for February 2024. 253 cities used the Continuous A mbient A ir Q uality M onitoring S tation (CAAQMS) reporting data for 80% of the days. The salient features of the report are as follows: In 160 countries, the PM 2.5 levels were below the standards set by India's National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Meanwhile, only 1 city complied with the WHO standards. Byrnihat in Meghalaya topped the list of most polluted cities while Satna in Madhya Pradesh was the cleanest. February saw a marked improvement in air quality compared to January. This marked improvement could have been attributed to improving wind speeds, rising temperatures, reduced emissions in cities, and other meteorological factors. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Manu Goel Centre For Research On Energy And Clean Air Source : Published on : March 19, 2024 Air Pollution, National Clean Air Programme How does the efficacy of the typhoid conjugate vaccine remain after years of vaccination? In a 2017 randomized control trial in Malawi involving 28,130 children aged 9 months to 12 years, the efficacy and durability of a single-dose Vi-TT vaccine against Typhoid Fever were assessed. 14,069 children received the typhoid vaccine, while the remaining 14,061 children received the control meningococcal vaccine. The effectiveness of the vaccine was measured over different periods. Vaccine efficacy reduced over time by only 1·3% per year over four years with rates of approximately 83.4%, 80.7%, 80.1%, and 77.1% observed at 1, 2, 3, and 4 years post-vaccination, respectively. Efficacy was consistent across age groups, including children under 2 years. These findings support WHO recommendations for Vi-TT mass campaigns in typhoid-endemic areas, followed by routine introduction, emphasizing long-term protection and efficacy. Click here to read more. Content Editor: Dr. Pradipta The Lancet Source : Published on : March 19, 2024 Typhoid, Immunisation, Research Findings Increasing antiviral resistance among HIV patients Since 2018, WHO has recommended dolutegravir as the preferred first- and second-line HIV treatment for all populations. Compared to other drugs, it is more effective, less addictive, and has fewer side effects. It also has a high genetic barrier to the development of resistance. However, among the four reported surveys, resistance to dolutegravir ranged from 3.9% to 8.6%, and reached 19.6% among people experienced with treatment and transitioned to a DTG-containing ART while having high HIV viral loads. WHO recommends that countries systematically implement standard HIV surveillance to monitor the prevalence and patterns of drug resistance in people who do not achieve viral load suppression. This report also documents cases of I ntegrase S trand T ransfer I nhibitor (INSTI ) resistance after recent exposure to Cabotegravir (CAB-LA) . A delay in detection and confirmation of HIV infection may increase the risk of developing INSTI resistance. From 2022, WHO has recommended the use of long-acting injectable CAB-LA as an additional HIV prevention option for people at high risk of HIV infection. Content Editor: Dr. Prayag Khandelwal WHO News Section Source : Published on : March 18, 2024 Drug Resistance, HIV, WHO Guidelines Trend analysis of underweight and obesity worldwide (1990-2022) A study published in Lancet estimated the prevalence of underweight and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022. It reported that the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men, and it increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 (70%) for men. The countries with the highest combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were Polynesia, Micronesia, and the Caribbean for both sexes. The study recommended that a healthy nutrition transition is needed to address the remaining burden of being underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesity. Content Editor: Dr. Immanual Joshua The Lancet Source : Published on : March 18, 2024 Public Health Nutrition Surge of sexually transmitted diseases in Europe The E uropean C entre for D isease P revention and C ontrol (ECDC) today revealed new data that demonstrates an increase in STIs (Sexually Transmitted Illnesses) throughout the continent. According to the ECDC's most recent annual epidemiologic reports, the number of cases of gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia increased by 48%, 34%, and 16% , respectively, across EU/EEA nations over the previous year. In 2022, there was also an increase in cases of congenital syphilis and lymphogranuloma venereum , which are brought about by infection spreading from the mother to the fetus. The ECDC further stated that if gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis are not treated, they can result in major health issues like infertility, persistent pain, and pelvic inflammatory disease. According to a press release, ECDC Director Andrea Ammon, MD, MPH, stated that "testing, treatment, and prevention lie at the heart of any long-term strategy." They also added that "We must prioritize sexual health education, expand access to testing and treatment services, and combat the stigma associated with STIs ." 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26-Headlines of the day (All) Public Health News Snippets 25th - 30th June, 2023 Kairomones Responsible for Mosquito Attraction Toward Humans A novel study was conducted in Zambia, the WHO African region, to test the behavior of Anopheles gambiae against various human scents in natural settings. The novelty of this study included- Use of an outdoor natural setting. The semi-flight cage area used was much larger (2000 times) than the ones traditionally used for laboratory assays. Comparison of multiple scents at the same time. Kairomones are an interspecific mixture of semiochemicals, produced by one species which induces responses advantageous to an individual of a different species perceiving the signal . The study concluded that the mosquitoes exhibit olfactory preferences , especially towards carboxylic acids . This data can be used in the prevention and control of vector-borne diseases. Content Editor: Dr. M Swathi Shenoy Frontiers in Tropical Diseases Source : Published on : Wednesday, July 5, 2023 Vector Borne Diseases, Carboxylic Acid, Olfaction, Kairomones MoHFW initiates " Health of Youth, Wealth of Nation" : Cobranded with PMNCH "Health of Youth, Wealth of Nation ”, a co-branded event by MoHFW and Partnership for Maternal, Newborn, Child Health (PMNCH), Geneva, is happening on 20 June in New Delhi. The purpose is Emphasizing the health needs investments of adolescents and youths globally. Empowerment and active inclusion to address their concerns. Various ministries will attend the event to discuss barriers to attaining youth’s well-being, and further blueprints to navigate them. Young individuals from all the G20 countries will constitute one-third of the delegates. The sessions will enable youths to engage and learn advanced health policies for their well-being. Content Editor: DR SUMANA MUKHOPADHYAY Public Information Bureau Source : Published on : Thursday, June 29, 2023 ADOLESCENT HEALTH, youth, global health Desertification And Drought Day Put Spotlight On Women In 2021, World Meteorological Organisation reported that more than 2.3 billion people are under water stress due to a 29% increase in frequency and length of droughts since 2000. Moreover, women must overcome substantial obstacles and discriminatory laws and practices to inherit the land. Even though, half of the world's agricultural workforce is women, less than one in five landowners are female. In more than 100 countries, women are denied from inheriting their husband's land due to traditional, religious, or customary practices. Additionally, women spend 200 million hours daily gathering water, with certain countries requiring more than one hour per trip. Therefore, the theme for International Day Against Desertification and Drought 2023 , "Her land. Her rights, " underlines the importance of giving women equal access to land and resources t o secure both their futures and the future of humanity. Content Editor: Dr. Subhana Siyad United Nations News Source : Published on : Thursday, June 29, 2023 International Day, Desertification, Drought, gender equality WHO Prequalifies Additional HPV test, Expanding Options as Countries Pursue Cervical Cancer Elimination The World Health Organization (WHO) has included a fourth test for human papillomavirus (HPV) in its list of prequalified tests. It highlights the importance of HPV testing as a crucial component of cervical cancer screening. The WHO's prequalification program evaluates the performance of various tests used for HPV detection. The inclusion of Roche Molecular Systems Inc.'s cobas HPV assay expands the range of high-performance tests available to countries, supporting their efforts to improve screening coverage and quality. This step aligns with WHO's commitment to eliminate cervical cancer through strategic targets, including vaccination, screening, and treatment of pre-cancer and invasive cancer cases. HPV tests offer better performance than alternative methods – such as pap smear and visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and provide opportunities for self-sampling, reducing barriers to testing. Incorporating HPV testing into existing laboratory systems further facilitates public health programs and helps achieve screening targets. Content Editor: Dr Ashwini Priyadarshini Singh WHO News Source : Published on : Thursday, June 29, 2023 Public health, WHO, Cancer screening, HPV Next pandemic will not wait for global treaties to be made: Union Health Secretary At the third Health Working Group of G20 India, at Hyderabad, Union Health Secretary Rajesh Bhushan cautioned that the next pandemic would not “wait for us to make global treaties ” and called on countries to work together as billions of lives and livelihoods will be at stake. Michael Ryan, Executive Director of the WHO Health Emergency Programme, stated that its time countries came together to ensure drugs, vaccines, and diagnostics reached people in need in an equitable manner. During the event, Alain Labrique, Director of the Department of Digital Health and Innovation, WHO, said that digital health is about : strengthening primary healthcare systems, improving universal health coverage timely and relevant data for decision-making and resource allocation. He stressed that no one should be left behind and that digital health is a proven route to achieving universal health goals. Member (Health) of NITI Aayog, V.K. Paul expressed that digital health enabled universal health coverage through the continuous exchange of health information amongst providers, systems, patients, policymakers, and so on. “Let us envision a world where a comprehensive package of digital health tools and services are accessible to all, where digital health is for all by 2035, ” Dr. Paul said. Content Editor: Dr. K. Hima Swetha The Hindu Source : Published on : Thursday, June 29, 2023 Global Health, digital health, universal health coverage, NITI Aayog A Leap to prevent Earth’s Greying through investment in renewable energy UN General Antonia Gutteres, after his meeting with civil society climate leaders across the globe highlighted the importance of phasing out fossil fuels and boosting investment in renewable energy as this would help in sorting out the current climate crisis. He also cited the ‘special responsibility ’ of the fossil fuel industries to prevent the sky from greying by making a strong statement, “Trading the future for 30 pieces of silver is immoral. ” He called for fossil fuel companies to present credible, comprehensive and detailed new transition plans that include reducing emissions “up and down the value chain ” – from production to refining, distribution and use. He also added that it’s obnoxious if the companies shouldn’t use their influences to ‘knee cap’ the progress of this process. The UN chief also called for detailed plans from financial institutions, saying they must encourage the global energy transformation. Plans should include an explicit strategy to progressively strip out fossil fuel assets from their portfolios to ensure alignment with the net-zero goal . All lobbying and policy engagement also should be disclosed. Content Editor: Dr. Akhila Nandan United Nations Source : Published on : Wednesday, June 28, 2023 Environmental protection , renewable energy, fossil fuel, Global action "Left behind in pain"- Inequalities in access to palliative care reported by WHO A report, titled “Left behind in pain ” was recently published by WHO, which deals with unequal access to morphine for medical use. This is often referred as “one of the most heinous, hidden inequalities in global health”. This difference in median consumption of morphine ranges from 5-63 fold between high and low-income countries. Steps to reduce this inequality consist of : Providing a package of essential medicines for palliative care. Improving governance. Providing stable funding. Training of healthcare workers for safe and timely access to morphine for those in need should be advocated for improving the quality of life. Content Editor: Dr. M Swathi Shenoy WHO news section Source : Published on : Thursday, June 29, 2023 Access to quality health care, palliative care, quality of life, WHO A new handbook released by WHO and UN for quality abortion care WHO and UN’s Health provides an option of self-management of Medical abortion for those : who wish to keep abortion private. Who face difficulty in accessing the health facility . A new clinical handbook was released in Bali, Indonesia addressing Healthcare providers who deliver abortion care services. Guidance provided are: Health care workers should be able to support women in abortion as self-management approaches, and through telemedicine. Respect for Women and girls’ dignity and rights. HCW should enable informed choices, respecting consent and their confidentiality, while enabling autonomous decision-making over all aspects of reproductive health. IEC should include information on what and when to do, how to access accurate and appropriate information and follow up services. Content Editor: Dr.Sivanthiga.G WHO Source : Published on : Thursday, June 29, 2023 Maternal and Child Health, MTP ,Abortion , WHO guidelines Adoption Of The "RABAT DECLARATION" by UN for Health Care of Migrants and Refugees 48 United Nation members countries at the 3rd global consultation on health of migrants and refugees , hosted by various stakeholders on 15-June-2023, adopted the novel “Rabat Declaration”. The major intent of the meeting was plan for inclusion of refugees and immigrants into the national health care system as part of UHC . This vulnerable group faces enough challenges for survival and healthcare access. This declaration is dedicated to- Expedite the efforts to improve their health care Provide social protection Bring the cause of neglect to surface. Stakeholders are committed to including them in the health policy discussions and have assured improvement in the quality of comprehensive services. Content Editor: Dr Sumana Mukhopadhyay World Health Organisation Source : Published on : Thursday, June 29, 2023 global health, migrants, refugees, Universal health coverage Intersectoral Coordination- the way forward for containment of Antimicrobial resistance The Union Health Secretary recently chaired a Committee to emphasize the importance of inter-sectoral coordination in the "National Action Plan for Containment of AMR (NAP-AMR) ." This committee involved representatives from various departments ranging from the Department of Animal Husbandry to the involvement of AYUSH and discussed on- Establishment of an Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) unit at the NCDC , which will coordinate with other programs. Developing a digital platform to collate data on antimicrobial consumption. Developing individual state action plan. Devising an integrated research agenda on AMR . The ministry will develop the NAP-AMR 2.0 , based on the lessons of the ongoing plan with thorough inter-sectoral coordination. Content Editor: Dr. M Swathi Shenoy Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : Thursday, June 29, 2023 Antimicrobial resistance, Infection Prevention Control, Containment, Intersectoral coordination BIPARJOY-MITIGATING THE CYCLONE THROUGH PLANNING AND SURVIELLANCE The union minister of MOHFW assessed the disaster preparedness for the predicted cyclone names “Biparjoy” that is to hit areas of Gujrat. Constant communications and feedbacks with regional offices are ongoing. Supportive measures to any aid are on standby by various response teams nationally. The Integrated Disease Surveillance Program (IDSP) is tasked with: Post disaster surveillance and monitoring Epidemic prone outbreak preparedness The Centre is ready with a Quick Response Medical Team to tackle the impact. Content Editor: Dr Sumana Mukhopadhyay Press Information Bureau Source : Published on : Tuesday, June 27, 2023 Disaster Management, Disaster Preparedness, Aid, Surveillance, Monitoring Global Vaccine Research Collaborative Is Proposed To Address Vaccine Inequity The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the problems in vaccine access and research , with some nations receiving the vaccine 18 months after others. GoI is working with two leading non-profits in the world to bring G-20 member states together and agree upon a proposed Global Vaccine Research Collaborative. Mansukh Mandaviya, the health minister, remarked during the 3rd G-20 Health Working Group Meeting that G-20 may act as a forum for international collaboration between governments, research organisations, pharmaceuticals, and other stakeholders. The Global Vaccine Research Collaborative is being proposed to address gaps , enable equitable vaccine access , optimise resources , improve preparedness and foster an environment for vaccine research. The GoI has shortened regulatory processes and provided financial incentives to encourage vaccine companies to increase supply and has taken steps to ensure that vaccines are available in remote places by utilising PHCs and other healthcare facilities. 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