As of July 2025, India is managing multiple infectious disease threats, according to the WHO South-East Asia Region report.

• Kerala has reported a fresh outbreak of Nipah virus (NiV) with three new cases in June–July 2025, bringing this year’s total to four. 

• The infections involved individuals from Malappuram and Palakkad districts with no known epidemiological link, suggesting separate spillover events. 

• One patient is in critical condition, and two have died. A total of 609 contacts have been identified across four districts, and hospitals in six districts are on alert. 

• Health authorities have mobilized 26 teams for tracing and public awareness, and testing has been intensified.

• India also reported a laboratory-confirmed human case of avian influenza A(H5N1) in Karnataka in May 2025, with genome sequencing data submitted to GISAID (Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data).

• COVID-19 cases saw a minor uptick between weeks 17 and 20 of 2025, with 105 new cases and five deaths reported in week 28 (7–13 July). 

• One dominant variant in India is XFG*, which accounts for 77% of recent sequences. The WHO continues to assess the public risk from these variants as low.

• Seasonal influenza activity remains moderate, with Influenza A(H3) circulating predominantly in India, based on laboratory surveillance data from weeks 26–28, 2025.

• Dengue remains endemic in southern India. 

• Kerala reported 5,793 cases in 2025 so far, with a 9.7% increase in week 27 alone. Karnataka logged 2,567 cases year-to-date, with a slight weekly decline.

• India remains the primary contributor (10 of 15 cases) to monkeypox (Mpox) Clade Ib infections in the region, many involving travel history from the UAE.

• The country continues to strengthen surveillance, testing, and response systems.

•  It provides key data to WHO for COVID-19, influenza, and other priority pathogens under regional health security frameworks.