A human case of western equine encephalitis (WEE) viral infection was reported to the World Health Organisation (WHO) on January 30, 2024, by the Uruguayan International Health Regulations National Focal Point (IHR NFP).

Since the last documented human cases of WEE were in 2009, this is the first confirmed case to be recorded in Uruguay in almost ten years. 

Although the patient has now recovered, the emergence of this infection might be a sign of an upcoming outbreak, if not taken care of timely.

People who live, work, or engage in outdoor activities in endemic areas or locations where animal disease outbreaks are ongoing are considered to be members of at-risk populations for WEE infection.

Vaccines are available for equines. According to WHO, high vaccination coverage among susceptible equines in areas considered at risk should be done along with annual vaccination boosters.