The Pune Municipal Corporation, the Pimpri-Chinchiwad Municipal Corporation, and a few adjoining districts of Pune, Maharashtra, have reported about 127 cases of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), with two suspected deaths and 20 patients on ventilators as of 30 January 2025.

GBS is a rare autoimmune disorder where the immune system attacks peripheral nerves, causing muscle weakness, numbness, and paralysis. Though its exact cause is unclear, it often follows viral or bacterial infections. The condition is more common in adults and males, with an incidence of  1–2 per 100,000 population.

With cases rising, strengthened surveillance, early detection, and public awareness are crucial in managing the outbreak of GBS.

The Union Ministry of Health & Family Welfare has deployed a team to assess the outbreak, while local health officials have surveyed over 25,500 households in affected areas. Postmortem and microbiological tests are being conducted to confirm the cause of death. Following this, local authorities have sent samples to the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology (ICMR-NIV) for further analysis.