• Dyslipidemia, referred to as elevated total cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein -cholesterol (LDL), triglycerides, and low High Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL), significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases such as heart attacks and strokes. 

• In India, this condition is widespread, with a prevalence of 81%, with the urbans areas having a higher percentage.

• The Cardiological Society of India recommends

1. Initiating lipid profile screenings at age 18, emphasizing non-fasting tests as the new standard practice.

2. For individuals with existing heart conditions, achieving LDL-C levels below 30 mg/dL is advised, while those without such issues should target levels below 70 mg/dL.

3. Measurement of Lipoprotein(a) levels is recommended at least once in a lifespan.

• These guidelines are tailored to address India's unique health challenges, including higher rates of low HDL and central obesity.

• They highlight the importance of lifestyle modifications such as reducing sugar intake, regular physical activity and cessation of tobacco and alcohol use. 

• Pharmacological treatments, including statins and advanced drugs like PCSK9 inhibitors, are suggested for severe cases.

• Early detection, particularly among individuals with a family history or known risk factors, is crucial for effective management.

• The guidelines reflect a proactive approach to managing dyslipidemia in India, aligning strategies with local epidemiological data and health needs.

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