• On 27th June 2025, the “Scientific Advisory Group for the Origins of Novel Pathogens” (SAGO) published the “Independent assessment of the origins of SARS-CoV-2”.

• The 73rd World Health Assembly called for identifying the source of SARS-CoV-2 introduction in humans.

• SAGo and WHO did not have access to raw data for information, therefore, the report was prepared based on existing evidence,reports and scientific literature.

Four hypothesis were considered.

1. Natural zoonotic source as a spillover event to humans- direct transmission from wild animals, or through an intermediate host.

2. Accidental exposure to laboratory source through field research or during laboratory biosafety procedures.  - laboratory- related accidental event.

3. Through cold chain process from sources in “animal markets.

4. laboratory- related deliberate event.

• SAGO calls on all governments (especially those in regions where the initial human cases were detected) to share any relevant information, data, and findings from their investigations.

• Zoonotic origin of SARS-COV2 with spillover from animals to humans is currently considered the best supported hypothesis based on available scientific data. 

• Until the requests for more information are met or detailed scientific data becomes available, the origins of the virus and how it entered the human population will remain inconclusive.

• The available scientific evidence currently supports a zoonotic origin with transmission from animals to humans as the most likely explanation.

• The true origins of SARS-CoV-2 and its pathway into the human population will remain uncertain until additional information is available.