• The JYNNEOS vaccine, a two-dose series designed to prevent smallpox and mpox, has demonstrated effectiveness in real-world applications, especially during the recent global mpox outbreak, which has primarily impacted MSM, transgender, and nonbinary individuals.

• Despite most recipients receiving both doses in 2022, only 25% of the at-risk population is fully vaccinated.

• A study examining mpox cases from May 2022 to May 2024 found that 75% occurred in unvaccinated individuals, while only 0.8% occurred in fully vaccinated persons.

• Fully vaccinated people experienced fewer severe symptoms and had lower hospitalization rates than their unvaccinated counterparts.

• Among fully vaccinated individuals, most cases appeared a median of 266 days after the second dose.

• There was no significant difference in infection timing between those who received intradermal and subcutaneous doses.

• Although breakthrough infections were noted, particularly in a 2023 cluster in Chicago, these were infrequent and less severe.

• The CDC advocates for continued monitoring and vaccination, emphasizing that the two-dose regimen offers substantial protection and should be complemented with other preventive measures. 

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