A 15-year follow-up study of 1643 men with localized prostate cancer who were randomly assigned to active monitoring, prostatectomy, or radiotherapy.  

The study found that prostate cancer-specific mortality was low regardless of the treatment assigned, and there were no differential effects on cancer-specific mortality in relation to baseline Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) level, tumor stage or grade, or risk-stratification score.  

However, metastases and disease progression were more common in the active monitoring group compared to the surgery and radiotherapy groups.  

The study suggests that treatment decisions for localized prostate cancer should involve weighing the trade-offs between the benefits and harms associated with different treatments.

Read the full article from NEJM -  Click here