Since June 2024, the Chandipura virus has been suspected as the cause of an increase in acute encephalitis cases in Gujarat. Thus far, there have been 84 cases and 75 deaths.

National Institute of Virology, Pune has confirmed 22 out of  55 samples sent for testing.

The virus is mainly harmful to children under the age of fifteen and is spread by mosquitoes, particularly daytime biting Aedes aegypti species, and sandflies (Phlebotomus species).

Historical Context: The virus was initially identified in the Nagpur district of Maharashtra in 1965. Between 2003 and 2004, outbreaks in central India were reported, leading to the deaths of nearly 300 children.

Seizures, headaches, elevated fever, and altered sensorium are among the symptoms. Seizures, comas, and even death can result from neurological problems.

Response: To comprehend the outbreak, a multidisciplinary team of environmental, entomological, and epidemiological experts from ICMR, Dept of Animal Husbandry and Dairying has been deployed.

Vector control, hygiene and awareness measures are being taken.